大石峡特高面板砂砾石坝设计安全标准及安全控制指标研究

大石峡工程技术条件复杂,场地地震基本烈度Ⅶ度,大坝抗震、渗透稳定、绝对变形和变形协调、接缝变形等安全控制指标成为大坝设计的关键问题。大石峡特高面板砂砾石坝坝高247 m,坝高量级跨越200 m级达到250 m级,突破了现有设计规范的适用范围,设计标准和安全控制指标应进行专门研究。通过借鉴已建200 m级面板坝工程科研试验、设计经验和工程实践和250~300 m级面板坝研究成果,在大坝静动力计算成果基础上,提出了坝体变形、坝料渗透、地震震陷、面板挠曲、面板拉压应变、接缝变形等控制指标,作为大石峡特高面板砂砾石坝的设计安全标准,为后续特高面板坝设计提供参考。

新疆大石峡特高土石坝设计安全标准研究

鉴于大石峡特高土石坝存在分区筑坝材料力学差异大、地震烈度高、河谷狭窄、坝前有不稳定变形体、河床镶嵌混凝土高趾墩等特点,文章通过类比分析特高土石坝的经验与教训,结合大石峡已开展和正在开展的科研试验成果,总结了大石峡特高土石坝的设计安全标准,指出了大石峡大坝设计未来研究的问题,有利于指导大石峡特高土石坝安全建设,同时为补充完善特高坝设计的规范条文提供参考。

新疆大石峡特高土石坝设计安全标准研究

鉴于大石峡特高土石坝存在分区筑坝材料力学差异大、地震烈度高、河谷狭窄、坝前有不稳定变形体、河床镶嵌混凝土高趾墩等特点,本文通过类比分析特高土石坝的经验与教训,结合大石峡已开展和正在开展的科研试验成果,总结了大石峡特高土石坝的设计安全标准,指出了大石峡大坝设计未来研究的问题,有利于指导大石峡特高土石坝安全建设,同时为补充完善特高坝设计的规范条文提供参考。

DL 5180-2003《水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计安全标准》修订介绍

<水利水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计标准(山区、丘陵部分)>(SDJ 12-1978)及<水利水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计标准(平原、滨海部分)>(SDJ217-1987)先后于1978年和1987年颁发试行.

基于AHP-熵权法的高校实验室安全风险评估及标准化设计研究

高校实验室是衡量高校科研水平和办学实力的重要体现,而保障实验室的安全是高校正常开展科研、教研活动的基础。以高校实验室为研究对象,运用AHP-熵权法,建立实验室安全风险评估体系,分析得出实验队伍和电气安全两项得分较低,需要从电气设备及线路故障、实验设备安全操作水平等方面加强监管,提高实验室整体安全水平。基于对实验室风险指标体系的评价,梳理出建立安全标准化的要素,构建了7个一级要素以及相应的二级要素对实验室进行安全标准化设计。

从南方雪灾事件探讨我国电网建设的完善

本文结合雨雪冰冻灾害造成南方一些省区大面积停电暴露出的问题,提出完善我国电网建设的几点思考:完善应对自然灾害的管理机制,确保电网的安全稳定和经济运行;完善电网的设计建设与安全标准,提高输电变电设施的防灾抗灾能力;完善科技创新研究激励机制,提高高新技术在电网运行中的应用水平;完善煤电联动体制,增强市场经济条件下能源部门之间的沟通协调。

Safety Aspects of Sustainable Storage Dams and Earthquake Safety of Existing Dams

The basic element in any sustainable dam project is safety, which includes the following safety elements： O structural safety, dam safety monitoring, operational safety and maintenance, and emergency planning. Long-term safety primarily includes the analysis of all hazards affecting the project; that is, hazards from the natural environment, hazards from the man-made environment, and project-specific and site-specific hazards. The special features of the seismic safety of dams are discussed. Large dams were the first structures to be systematically designed against earthquakes, starting in the 1930s. How- ever, the seismic safety of older dams is unknown, as most were designed using seismic design criteria and methods of dynamic analysis that are considered obsolete today. Therefore, we need to reevaluate the seismic safety of existing dams based on current state-of-the-art practices and rehabilitate deficient dams. For large dams, a site-specific seismic hazard analysis is usually recommended. Today, large dams and the safety-relevant elements used for controlling the reservoir after a strong earthquake must be able to withstand the ground motions of a safety evaluation earthquake. The ground motion parameters can be determined either by a probabilistic or a deterministic seismic hazard analysis. During strong earthquakes, inelastic deformations may occur in a dam; therefore, the seismic analysis has to be car- ried out in the time domain. Furthermore, earthquakes create multiple seismic hazards for dams such as ground shaking, fault movements, mass movements, and others. The ground motions needed by the dam engineer are not real earthquake ground motions but models of the ground motion, which allow the safe design of dams. It must also be kept in mind that darn safety evaluations must be carried out several times during the long life of large storage dams. These features are discussed in this paper.

Crucial technologies in the design of Xiluodu Super High Arch Dam

Some super high arch dams （ SHADs）, like Xiluodu Arch Dam, after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m, confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction. Several crucial technologies of 6 SHADs will be reviewed and discussed in this and consecutive papers, including Xiluodu, Jinping I in China, Baktiary in Iran, ete. , on the topics of the research method, criterion for evaluation and engineering application of dam safety analysis and evaluation, reasonable dam base interface, dam shape optimization, comprehensive treatments of complex foundation, anti-seismic engineering, dam construction material, concrete placement and temperature control, instrumentation and monitoring of dam operation, etc. This paper will mainly focus on the overall safety of SHADs, reasonable dam base interface analysis and evaluation and their engineering application.

Design influence for the success of construction projects

In this thesis, the design in construction management is defined as the design meets the requirements of the constructor. There are a range of definitions of design, but in this paper ＂design＂ refers to something, which has been planned and made and a pattern for decorating in something in the term of construction. Rumane says （2010）the design involves two processes. The first thing is analyzing and designing components and structure on the basis of recognized codes and standards of safety. The other is that designers conduct the information in the form

Suggestion of Criteria and Certification Process to Secure the Safety of Railway Software

One of the significant differences between the digital system and the analog system is software. The software takes charge of the functions and the management of the digital system. Nowadays railway equipment has begun to be designed and implemented based on digital technology with online and real time performance to achieve high speed and high density operation. The software is designed, coded and implemented into the system, and controls hardware components in order to satisfy the functional requirements of the system. As the functions that are implemented by software are increased, it becomes very difficult to predict the soil-ware failures because of its complexity. Therefore, it has become one of the key issues how to assure that the sottware is reliable, safe and secure. In this paper, the safety criteria are suggested to secure the software safety for the field of railway system. Characteristic of railway software and review safety related standards are analyzed. The authors also suggest development methodology and certification procedure for the developer and assessor to easily make safety critical railway software with following the safety criteria.

Secure encryption embedded processor design for wireless sensor network application

This paper presents a new encryption embedded processor aimed at the application requirement of wireless sensor network （WSN）. The new encryption embedded processor not only offers Rivest Shamir Adlemen （RSA）, Advanced Encryption Standard （AES）, 3 Data Encryption Standard （3 DES） and Secure Hash Algorithm 1 （SHA - 1 ） security engines, but also involves a new memory encryption scheme. The new memory encryption scheme is implemented by a memory encryption cache （MEC）, which protects the confidentiality of the memory by AES encryption. The experi- ments show that the new secure design only causes 1.9% additional delay on the critical path and cuts 25.7% power consumption when the processor writes data back. The new processor balances the performance overhead, the power consumption and the security and fully meets the wireless sensor environment requirement. After physical design, the new encryption embedded processor has been successfully tape-out.

梯级水库群大坝风险防控设计研究

梯级水库群大坝风险标准、风险防控设计方法及设计安全指标体系,是流域安全管理的基础。在系统研究国内外风险标准的基础上,提出梯级水库群社会可接受风险标准为10^(-6)/a,可容忍风险标准为10^(-5)/a;基于现行工程设计方法、相对安全率和贝叶斯网络理论,提出了"安全系数-可靠指标-年计失效概率"三位一体的风险防控设计方法。针对梯级水库群中,坝高超过200 m、库容大于10亿m^3,或其溃坝将导致下游1级大坝连溃的控制梯级,按照工程等级划分和风险防控功能,定义为特等工程。特等工程的风险控制标准,为年计失效概率(1.0~5.0)×10^(-8),可靠指标为4.45~4.7,制定了包括防洪标准、抗震标准、裕富超高及泄洪设施要求的风险设计指标体系。这一研究成果填补了特高坝工程设计安全标准的空白,对梯级水库群风险防控理论研究及设计方法的发展具有重要的借鉴和参考价值。

RECTANGLE: a bit-slice lightweight block cipher suitable for multiple platforms

In this paper, we propose a new lightweight block cipher named RECTANGLE. The main idea of the design of RECTANGLE is to allow lightweight and fast implementations using bit-slice techniques. RECTANGLE uses an SP-network. The substitution layer consists of 16 4 × 4 S-boxes in parallel. The permutation layer is composed of 3 rotations. As shown in this paper, RECTANGLE offers great performance in both hardware and software environment, which provides enough flexibility for different application scenario. The following are3 main advantages of RECTANGLE. First, RECTANGLE is extremely hardware-friendly. For the 80-bit key version, a one-cycle-per-round parallel implementation only needs 1600 gates for a throughput of 246 Kbits/s at100 k Hz clock and an energy efficiency of 3.0 p J/bit. Second, RECTANGLE achieves a very competitive software speed among the existing lightweight block ciphers due to its bit-slice style. Using 128-bit SSE instructions,a bit-slice implementation of RECTANGLE reaches an average encryption speed of about 3.9 cycles/byte for messages around 3000 bytes. Last but not least, we propose new design criteria for the RECTANGLE S-box.Due to our careful selection of the S-box and the asymmetric design of the permutation layer, RECTANGLE achieves a very good security-performance tradeoff. Our extensive and deep security analysis shows that the highest number of rounds that we can attack, is 18(out of 25).

Study of risk acceptance criteria for dams

This paper discusses the methods of establishing risk criteria for dams and reviews the application of dam risk criteria for individuals and societies in different countries or districts. Given the conditions in China and considering the public safety and acceptance of dam risk, historical dam break data and current design standards, individual and societal risk criteria for dams are proposed. The tolerable dam risk criteria for individuals should be set to 10-5-10-7 per annum based on project scale, for ex- ample, approximately 1.0xl0 7 per annum, which corresponds to a reliability index of 4.2 based on a 100-year lifespan for a first-class or large project. The societal limit for risk tolerance for dams should be set to approximately 10-3-10-5 per annum, corresponding to the fatality range from 1 to 100 and be horizontally extended to 1000, and F-N curves are proposed. It was also found that the reliability indices of Chinese Standard （GB 50199-2013） and Eurocodel （2002） are different, but they have the same level of safety measured by the annual probability of failure. The research results have significance for establishing dam risk criteria.

Design and implementation of a platform for configuring clinical dynamic safety checklist applications

In recent years, it has been demonstrated that checklists can improve patient safety significantly. To facilitate the effective use of checklists in daily practice, both the medical community and the informatics community propose to implement checklists in dynamic checklist applications that can be integrated into the clinical workflow and that is specific to the patient context. However, it is difficult to develop such applications because they are tightly intertwined with the content of specific checklists. We propose a platform that enables access to dynamic checklist applications by configuring the infrastructures provided in the platform. Then, the applications can be developed without time-consuming programming work. We define a number of design criteria regarding point of care and clinical processes by analyzing the existing checklist applications and the lessons learned from implementations.Then, by applying rule-based clinical decision support and workflow management technologies, we design technical mechanisms to satisfy the design criteria. A dynamic checklist application platform is designed based on these mechanisms. Finally, we build a platform in various design cycle iterations, driven by multiple clinical cases. By applying the platform, we develop nine comprehensive dynamic checklist applications with 242 dynamic checklists.The results demonstrate both the feasibility and the overall generic nature of the proposed approach. We propose a novel platform for configuring dynamic checklist applications. This platform satisfies the general requirements and can be easily configured to satisfy different scenarios in which safety checklists are used.