一种Java程序度量工具的设计实现

IEEE软件工程术语标准中定义度量 (metric)为对一个系统、构件或具有的某个给定属性的度的一个定量测量 .为辅助这种定量的测量 ,设计了一种针对Java程序的度量工具 .首先给出一套度量Java程序的度量算法的详细定义 ,然后重点阐述如何通过分层的体系结构实现这些度量算法 .该设计实现的度量工具具有良好的可扩展性 ,在实际应用中能确实帮助改进程序质量 .

C程序映射到FPGA的寄存器快速评估技术

在基于FPGA的软硬件协同设计中,对硬件面积和延迟时间进行快速准确地评估是快速生成片上异构多处理器系统的关键步骤.使用传统的逻辑综合工具将会耗费大量的时间才能获得面积-时间的度量值,导致在软硬件协同设计流程中,抑制了设计空间的有效探索.本文关注将C程序映射到FPGA,对寄存器数量进行快速和准确的评估.提出的技术以高级综合工具Leg Up和底层虚拟机LLVM为基础,利用信号位宽优化信息、特殊指令信息以及编码方式对寄存器进行评估.实验结果表明,该技术能够对CHStone基准测试程序进行寄存器数量的评估;以Altera CycloneⅡ和StratixⅣFPGA为平台,实验结果的误差分别只有13.75%和10.48%,与使用Quartus工具的逻辑综合运行时间相比,能够实现84倍的加速.

Design of new biomedical titanium alloy based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software

A new kind offl biomedical titanium alloy, Ti-35Nb-4Sn-6Mo-9Zr, composed of non-toxic elements Nb, Mo, Zr and Sn with lower elastic modulus and higher strength was designed based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software using orthogonal experiment. The microstructure and basic mechanical properties of designed alloy were investigated. The results show that the alloy is composed of single fl equiaxed grains after solution treatment at 800 ~C. Compared with Ti-6A1-4V, the mechanical properties of the designed alloy are more excellent： E=65 GPa, σb=834 MPa, σ0.2=802 MPa, and σ=11%, which is expected to become a promising new type implanted material. The research approach adopted can reduce the experimental time and cost effectively, and get the ideal experimental results.

基于C程序的硬件面积评估

基于FPGA的软硬件混合系统中,对设计度量进行快速准确的评估是软硬件协同设计时最关键的部分。但是,使用传统的逻辑综合工具获得设计度量值需要耗费大量的时间,阻碍了设计空间的快速探索。本文介绍了一种对硬件面积进行快速评估的技术,对于一个给定的将在FPGA上实现的C程序,可以在较短的时间内获得所有函数的硬件面积设计度量值;所提评估技术依赖于一款开源的高级综合工具LegUp。对于给定的Chstone基准测试程序,在评估过程中考虑了硬件功能单元共享以及信号位宽优化所带来的影响,实验结果表明,在Altera Cyclone II和Stratix IV FPGA上,其评估误差都低于10%,精确度提高了大约2倍。

网络信息体系工程中的若干问题研究

在未来多样化作战任务和不确定战场条件下,围绕网络信息体系如何随使命环境即时构建与敏捷适变的需求,运用体系工程、系统科学、军事科学等理论方法,结合指挥信息系统工程实践,分析了动态组织性、开放适应性、涌现性等网络信息体系特性的概念内涵及面临的工程化技术挑战,论述了OODA杀伤链动态构建是体系作战能力建设的首要环节,提出了可模块化组合的开放式体系架构概念和模块化组装的构建模式,并探讨了需要进一步研究解决的体系组件如何设计、建模与组合运用的基础性问题,为构建具有动态组织性、开放适应性的网络信息体系提供了一种解决方法;建立了涵盖任务环境感知、决策与执行的体系动态调整机制与方法,并探讨了需要进一步研究解决的机器智能如何实现调整需求精准识别、调整方案自主生成与执行等基础性问题,为形成网络信息体系敏捷适变能力提供方法指导。

Shape Optimal System for Linear Elastic Structures

An integrated system FSOP2D,including modules for the shape optimal modeling,structural analysis,sensitivity analysis,optimal method library and post- processing,is developed.By selecting fictitious loads as the design variables that has a linear relationship with the grid point locations and using design sensitivity analysis of the domain method,it is easier to solve the velocity field.In the course of optimal iterations,mesh distortion is kept to a minimum,sensitivity derivatives of object function,stress constraints and displacement constraints are derived.Computation of sensitivity analysis is achieved in the system.Two engineering examples are used to prove the system's effectiveness,the optimal results can successfully be obtained by lesser number of iterations.

Design of similarity measure for discrete data and application to multi-dimension

Similarity measure design for discrete data group was proposed. Similarity measure design for continuous membership function was also carried out. Proposed similarity measures were designed based on fuzzy number and distance measure, and were proved. To calculate the degree of similarity of discrete data, relative degree between data and total distribution was obtained. Discrete data similarity measure was completed with combination of mentioned relative degrees. Power interconnected system with multi characteristics was considered to apply discrete similarity measure. Naturally, similarity measure was extended to multi-dimensional similarity measure case, and applied to bus clustering problem.

Similarity measure design for high dimensional data

Information analysis of high dimensional data was carried out through similarity measure application. High dimensional data were considered as the a typical structure. Additionally, overlapped and non-overlapped data were introduced, and similarity measure analysis was also illustrated and compared with conventional similarity measure. As a result, overlapped data comparison was possible to present similarity with conventional similarity measure. Non-overlapped data similarity analysis provided the clue to solve the similarity of high dimensional data. Considering high dimensional data analysis was designed with consideration of neighborhoods information. Conservative and strict solutions were proposed. Proposed similarity measure was applied to express financial fraud among multi dimensional datasets. In illustrative example, financial fraud similarity with respect to age, gender, qualification and job was presented. And with the proposed similarity measure, high dimensional personal data were calculated to evaluate how similar to the financial fraud. Calculation results show that the actual fraud has rather high similarity measure compared to the average, from minimal 0.0609 to maximal 0.1667.

Similarity measure design on overlapped and non-overlapped data

Similarity measure design on non-overlapped data was carried out and compared with the case of overlapped data.Unconsistant feature of similarity on overlapped data to non-overlapped data was provided by example.By the artificial data illustration,it was proved that the conventional similarity measure was not proper to calculate the similarity measure of the non-overlapped case.To overcome the unbalance problem,similarity measure on non-overlapped data was obtained by considering neighbor information.Hence,different approaches to design similarity measure were proposed and proved by consideration of neighbor information.With the example of artificial data,similarity measure calculation was carried out.Similarity measure extension to intuitionistic fuzzy sets(IFSs)containing uncertainty named hesitance was also followed.

An experiment discovery about gravitational force changes in materials due to temperature variation

The authors discovered in first time that the weight of materials or its gravitational force by earth related to its temperature and its ferromagnetism. An experiment was designed to elevate the temperatures of six different materials （Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Al, Ni） up to 600 ℃and precisely measured their weights. It is found all the materials weigh about 0.33 ‰ - 0. 82 ‰ less. For example the weight of silver sample weighted by a precision electronic scale in a manner of special design decreases about 0.8 ‰, when its temperature is elevated to 600 ℃. Thus different metals＇ gravitational forces or weights are adjusted with temperature variation.

Impact of Workspace Design in Indian Context on Occupant＇s Behavior, to Enhance Efficiency and Comfort

The environmental psychology ofa workspace is a rich and diverse field of study that is growing fast and gaining popularity. The indoor environmental factors in workspaces should follow functional as well as behavioral requirements as the spaces are designed as per the user＇s requirements, needs and aspirations. These play a major role in achieving behavioral impact on the user, as sense of well-being in the environment and physical comfort in the space enhances the productivity and efficiency of the user of the space. The slow and gradual importance of this issue in workspace design with Indian context, post occupancy evaluation can be adjudged as a permanent tool for improving indoor environment in buildings. Occupants should be used as a benchmark of evaluation, showing correlation of physical measurements and subjective parameters. It also suggests recommendations to improve quality of indoor environment in office buildings with analytical study, an important step in post occupancy evaluation. The objective of the paper is to inquire how people experience environmental psychology of the workspace as the determinants are efficiency, productivity and comfort. The success of any design depends upon the degree to which it creates an interface between the user and the environment.

Horizontal roof gap of backfill hydraulic support

For the backfill hydraulic support as the key equipment for achieving integration of backfilling and coal mining simultaneously in the practical process, its characteristics will directly influence the backfill body's compression ratio. Horizontal roof gap, as a key parameter of backfilling characteristics, may impact the backfilling effect from the aspects of control of roof subsidence in advance, support stress, backfilling process and the support design. Firstly, the reason why horizontal roof gap exists was analyzed and its definition, causes and connotation were introduced, then adopting the Pro/E 3D simulation software, three typical 3D entity models of backfill hydraulic supports were built, based on the influence of horizontal roof gap on backfilling effect, and influence rules of four factors, i.e. support height, suspension height, suspension angle and tamping angle, were emphatically analyzed on horizontal roof gap. The results indicate that, the four factors all have significant impacts on horizontal roof gap, but show differences in influence trend and degree, showing negative linear correlation, positive linear correlation, positive semi-parabolic correlation and negative semi-parabolic correlation, respectively. Four legs type is the most adaptive to the four factors, while six legs(II) type has the poorest adaptability, and the horizontal roof gap is small under large support height, small suspension height, small suspension angle and large tamping angle situation. By means of optimizing structure components and their positional relation and suspension height of backfill scrape conveyor in the process of support design and through controlling working face deployment, roof subsidence in advance, mining height and backfilling during engineering application, the horizontal roof gap is optimized. The research results can be served as theoretical basis for support design and guidance for backfill support to have better performance in backfilling.

Degree-Day Analysis for Different Locations in Turkey and Effect on Architecture Conceptualism

Energy analysis plays an important role in developing an optimum and cost effective design of HVAC （heating, ventilating and air conditioning） system for an architecture. Although there are different energy analysis methods, which vary in complexity, the degree-day methods are the simplest methods and well-established tools. Energy consumption increases as the number of heating and cooling degree days increases and falls as the number of heating and cooling degree days falls. The value of degree days is a measure which can be used to indicate the demand for energy to heat or cool buildings and spaces. The monthly or annual cooling and heating requirements of specific buildings in different locations can be estimated by means of the degree-day concept. The base temperature is the outdoor temperature below or above which heating or cooling is needed. In this study, the degree days for the period of 2008-2012 were calculated for Turkey （10 cities） and also to develop new software for easy analysis about cooling degree days. This paper can be helpful for designing facade and also contribute to degree-day analyses.

Research on a novel orientation algorithm of single-ring absolute photoelectric shaft encoder

A novel single-ring absolute optical shaft encoder is designed by studying the encoding principle of traditional absolute optical shaft encoder in this paper. The description of the orientation algorithm of the encoder is specified, and an example for explaining the orientation arithmetic is given, which indicates that the theory of the encoder works. The visual interface to acquire signals of CCD is shown with VB,which provides reliable foundation to process data. The effective factors of measurement precision of the encoder are analyzed.

Parameters Influencing the Noise Emission of Planing Machines

Regarding woodworking machines, machine acoustics are of particular significance due to the high noise emission of these machines. Among other things, this can be attributed to the adoption of the European Commission Machinery Directive as a national law, which demands protection against noise emission in the design phase of new machines. In order to accomplish this, it is necessary to examine and locate the causes of emissions on existing machines. In this paper, the sound source is located through sound intensity measurements, using planing machines as an example, which are particularly noise-intensive woodworking machines. In addition, different influencing parameters on noise emission are analyzed, such as manual and automatic feed, rotational speed and the influence of the type of wood of the workpiece.

Robust H_∞ Filter Design for a Class of Uncertain Linear Systems with Time-delayed Measurement

A robust H∞ approach to filtering for a class of uncertain linear systems with time-delayed measurement is investigated. The parameter uncertainties are described by real time-varying norm-bounded form. A methodology is developed for designing linear filters such that the filtering process remains robustly stable and the transfer function from the disturbance inputs to error state outputs meets the prescribed H∞-norm upper-bound constraints. The filter can be obtained and parameterized by solving two Riccati equations based on the lemma of robust stability for control system with delay. Simulation example proves the method to be effective and feasible.

LO-RAY-LIGH@ Diffraction Gratings in UV-VIS Spectroscopy

It has been more than half a century since the release of the first Shimadzu UV-VIS （UV-visible） spectrophotometer QB-50 in 1952, and during this time more than 160,000 UV-VIS spectrometers have been produced and installed in a wide variety of different applications. A lot of technical innovations have been implemented to improve the performance and significantly reduce the stray light levels. The latest innovation during development of sophisticated spectrophotometers is based on a new holographic exposure method and optimized etching process which has made it possible to produce both high-efficient and exceptionally low stray light gratings. These LO-RAY-LIGH~ gratings have guaranteed values of stray light at the intermediate position between zero-order and first-order lights. The values are measured by Shimadzu＇s laser stray-light-measuring system. The latest development in the series of UV-VIS spectrophotometers is the UV-2700 which is a true double beam double monochromator system in a compact design for high-precision spectral analysis of a wide range of samples including organic and inorganic compounds, biological samples, optical materials and photovoltaics. The high performance optical system is designed with ＂LO-RAY-LIGH＂ diffraction gratings, featuring highest efficiency and exceptionally low stray light. The spectrophotometer operates in the wavelength range from 185 nm to 900 nm and allows highly sophisticated applications such as direct measurement of high density samples up to 8 absorbance units without dilution.

Effects of Latitude and Design Variables on Performance and Cost of a Solar Heating System with Seasonal Storage

A thermo-economic model for the simulation and optimization of a CSHPSS （central solar heating plant with seasonal storage） is presented. The model, written in Matlab, allows to analyze the effects of different design and operating variables on plant performance and cost. Daily and seasonal variations of solar irradiation at different latitudes are considered, and an original approximate model for thermal stratification is included. Since a limited computational time is required, the simulation model can be effectively integrated with a non-linear constrained optimization procedure so as to determine the optimal choice of design variables for different locations and operating conditions. The comparison between a two-variable and four-variable optimization for five different locations at various latitudes has been presented, showing a significant decrease in pay-back time with latitude. Finally a sensitivity analysis on the most important design and operating variables has been performed and presented. It emerges that the optimal insulator thickness always decreases with latitude. The optimal tilt angle is slightly lower than latitude only when the plant is designed to cover the whole thermal load, while higher tilt values are selected in case of partial load covering.

度量滤波器:距离度量的滤波视角

确定、或选择某种距离度量是模式识别、机器学习和聚类分析的基本问题.图像欧氏距离和广义欧氏距离是重要的两种距离度量,它们可以嵌入到大多数识别算法中去,并且在大量应用中都提升了识别效率.文中揭示了包括IMED和GED在内的一类距离度量与线性平移不变系统的关系.证明了以下结论:输入空间上的平移不变度量等价于对输入信号进行线性滤波再计算传统欧氏度量.这一结果扩展了对距离度量的认识,将在距离度量的选择上起到一定的作用.

Aeroelastic optimization on composite skins of large aircraft wings

This paper presents studies of aeroelastic optimization on composite skins of large aircraft wings subject to aeroelastic constraints and strength/strain constraints. The design variable for optimization was the ply thickness of the wing skin panels, and the structural weight was the objective function to be minimised. The impacts of three strength/strain constraints and the ply proportion of the wing skin panels on the optimization results are discussed. The results indicate that the optimal composite wings that satisfy different constraints have remarkable weight advantages over metal wing. High levels of stiffness can be achieved while satisfying the constraints regarding allowable design strains and failure criteria. The optimization results with variable-proportions indicate that wing skins with higher proportions of 0° plies from the root to the middle segment and ±45° plies outboard have a more efficient and reasonable stiffness distribution.