The authors discovered in first time that the weight of materials or its gravitational force by earth related to its temperature and its ferromagnetism. An experiment was designed to elevate the temperatures of six di...The authors discovered in first time that the weight of materials or its gravitational force by earth related to its temperature and its ferromagnetism. An experiment was designed to elevate the temperatures of six different materials （Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Al, Ni） up to 600 ℃and precisely measured their weights. It is found all the materials weigh about 0.33 ‰ - 0. 82 ‰ less. For example the weight of silver sample weighted by a precision electronic scale in a manner of special design decreases about 0.8 ‰, when its temperature is elevated to 600 ℃. Thus different metals＇ gravitational forces or weights are adjusted with temperature variation.展开更多
Electrical steel sheets with 6.5%(mas fraction) Si with good shapes and superior magnetic inductions were successfully produced by a specially designed processing route including ingot casting, hot rolling and warm ro...Electrical steel sheets with 6.5%(mas fraction) Si with good shapes and superior magnetic inductions were successfully produced by a specially designed processing route including ingot casting, hot rolling and warm rolling both with interpass thermal treatment, and final annealing. The sheets were of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm thick over 140 mm width. A detailed study of the microstructural and textural evolutions from the hot rolling to annealing was carried out by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction. The hot rolled sheet characterized by near-equiaxed grains was dominated by the mixture of <001>//ND fiber(λ-fiber), <110>//RD fiber(α-fiber) and <111>//ND fiber(γ-fiber) textures owing to the partial recrystallization and strain induced boundary migration(SIBM) during the hot rolling interpass thermal treatment. The static recovery and SIBM during the warm rolling interpass thermal treatment result in large and elongated warm rolling grains. The warm rolling texture is dominated by obvious λ, Goss and strong γ-fiber textures. The application of the interpass thermal treatment during hot and warm rolling significantly enhances the impact of SIBM during annealing, which is responsible for the formation of the moderate λ-fiber, some near-λ fiber texture components and the obviously weakened γ-fiber texture in the annealed sheet, leading to a higher magnetic induction compared to the commercially produced 6.5% Si steel by chemical vapor deposition(CVD).展开更多
Hydrogels are a class of special materials that contain a large amount of water and behave like rubber.These materials have found broad applications in tissue engineering,cell culturing,regenerative medicine etc.Recen...Hydrogels are a class of special materials that contain a large amount of water and behave like rubber.These materials have found broad applications in tissue engineering,cell culturing,regenerative medicine etc.Recently,the exploration of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels has greatly expanded the repertoire of hydrogels suitable for biomedical applications.However,the mechanical properties of peptide-based hydrogels are intrinsically weak.Therefore,it is crucial to develop methods that can improve the mechanical stability of such peptide-based hydrogels.In this review,we explore the factors that determine or influence the mechanical stability of peptide-based hydrogels and summarize several key elements that may guide scientists to achieve mechanically improved hydrogels.In addition,we exemplified several methods that have been successfully developed to prepare hydrogels with enhanced mechanical stability.These mechanically strong peptide-based hydrogels may find broad applications as novel biomaterials.It is still challenging to engineer hydrogels in order to mimic the mechanical properties of biological tissues.More hydrogel materials with optimal mechanical properties suitable for various types of biological applications will be available in the near future.展开更多
A brief review on suspended-core fibers for sensing applications is presented. A historical overview over the previous ten years about this special designed microstructure optical fiber is described. This fiber presen...A brief review on suspended-core fibers for sensing applications is presented. A historical overview over the previous ten years about this special designed microstructure optical fiber is described. This fiber presents attractive optical properties for chemical/biological or gas measurement, but it can be further explored for alternative sensing solutions, namely, in-fiber interferometers based on the suspended-core or suspended-multi-core fiber, for physical parameter monitoring.展开更多
文摘The authors discovered in first time that the weight of materials or its gravitational force by earth related to its temperature and its ferromagnetism. An experiment was designed to elevate the temperatures of six different materials （Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Al, Ni） up to 600 ℃and precisely measured their weights. It is found all the materials weigh about 0.33 ‰ - 0. 82 ‰ less. For example the weight of silver sample weighted by a precision electronic scale in a manner of special design decreases about 0.8 ‰, when its temperature is elevated to 600 ℃. Thus different metals＇ gravitational forces or weights are adjusted with temperature variation.
基金Projects(51004035,51374002,50734001)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012BAE03B00)supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program,China+1 种基金Project(2012AA03A506)supported by the High-tech R&D Program,ChinaProject(N120407009)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Electrical steel sheets with 6.5%(mas fraction) Si with good shapes and superior magnetic inductions were successfully produced by a specially designed processing route including ingot casting, hot rolling and warm rolling both with interpass thermal treatment, and final annealing. The sheets were of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm thick over 140 mm width. A detailed study of the microstructural and textural evolutions from the hot rolling to annealing was carried out by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction. The hot rolled sheet characterized by near-equiaxed grains was dominated by the mixture of <001>//ND fiber(λ-fiber), <110>//RD fiber(α-fiber) and <111>//ND fiber(γ-fiber) textures owing to the partial recrystallization and strain induced boundary migration(SIBM) during the hot rolling interpass thermal treatment. The static recovery and SIBM during the warm rolling interpass thermal treatment result in large and elongated warm rolling grains. The warm rolling texture is dominated by obvious λ, Goss and strong γ-fiber textures. The application of the interpass thermal treatment during hot and warm rolling significantly enhances the impact of SIBM during annealing, which is responsible for the formation of the moderate λ-fiber, some near-λ fiber texture components and the obviously weakened γ-fiber texture in the annealed sheet, leading to a higher magnetic induction compared to the commercially produced 6.5% Si steel by chemical vapor deposition(CVD).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11304156,11334004,91127026,31170813 and 11074115)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2013M531312)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
文摘Hydrogels are a class of special materials that contain a large amount of water and behave like rubber.These materials have found broad applications in tissue engineering,cell culturing,regenerative medicine etc.Recently,the exploration of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels has greatly expanded the repertoire of hydrogels suitable for biomedical applications.However,the mechanical properties of peptide-based hydrogels are intrinsically weak.Therefore,it is crucial to develop methods that can improve the mechanical stability of such peptide-based hydrogels.In this review,we explore the factors that determine or influence the mechanical stability of peptide-based hydrogels and summarize several key elements that may guide scientists to achieve mechanically improved hydrogels.In addition,we exemplified several methods that have been successfully developed to prepare hydrogels with enhanced mechanical stability.These mechanically strong peptide-based hydrogels may find broad applications as novel biomaterials.It is still challenging to engineer hydrogels in order to mimic the mechanical properties of biological tissues.More hydrogel materials with optimal mechanical properties suitable for various types of biological applications will be available in the near future.
文摘A brief review on suspended-core fibers for sensing applications is presented. A historical overview over the previous ten years about this special designed microstructure optical fiber is described. This fiber presents attractive optical properties for chemical/biological or gas measurement, but it can be further explored for alternative sensing solutions, namely, in-fiber interferometers based on the suspended-core or suspended-multi-core fiber, for physical parameter monitoring.
