追求理解的教学设计近年来备受推崇,采用这样的教学设计后能激发学生的好奇心和求知欲,调动学生学习的主动性,能有效地使用知识、知识迁移能力大大提高,锻炼透过现象看本质的思维品质,最终提升自己的思维模式和行为方式、达到修心和修...追求理解的教学设计近年来备受推崇,采用这样的教学设计后能激发学生的好奇心和求知欲,调动学生学习的主动性,能有效地使用知识、知识迁移能力大大提高,锻炼透过现象看本质的思维品质,最终提升自己的思维模式和行为方式、达到修心和修为的统一。如何在课堂上实施,笔者就 Go for it 七下 Unit 4 section A 1a-1c 进行了尝试。展开更多
Understanding by design(UbD)是设计优质教学单元的有效工具,在美国等国家教育界得到了广泛的应用。针对目前农林院校学生在课堂上普遍缺乏学习积极性、学习效果差的现状,UbD理论以三个步骤为设计依据,对环境微生物学课程中的微生物特...Understanding by design(UbD)是设计优质教学单元的有效工具,在美国等国家教育界得到了广泛的应用。针对目前农林院校学生在课堂上普遍缺乏学习积极性、学习效果差的现状,UbD理论以三个步骤为设计依据,对环境微生物学课程中的微生物特性与功能教学单元进行了UbD模式的设计与应用。初步应用UbD教学效果表明,UbD教学模式有效地消除了课堂上的“法蒂玛”现象,显著提高了学生课堂参与度和师生互动的频率,激发了学生的学习积极性和求知欲,不仅使学生学习成绩提高,更主要的是使有关教学内容得到深入持久的理解与运用,实现了素质教育,达到了提高其综合能力的目的,教师也从UbD模式教案的设计与教学应用过程中,提升了专业知识水平并掌握了教学技巧。展开更多
医学导论是一门为医学生开设的专业基础课程,以帮助其在较短时间内形成对专业内涵的客观认知、建立正确的知识体系。为了更好地发挥课程育人功能,突出其在高质量医学人才培养中的贡献度,本文基于理解为先的逆向教学设计模式(understandi...医学导论是一门为医学生开设的专业基础课程,以帮助其在较短时间内形成对专业内涵的客观认知、建立正确的知识体系。为了更好地发挥课程育人功能,突出其在高质量医学人才培养中的贡献度,本文基于理解为先的逆向教学设计模式(understanding by design,UbD)内涵分析和医学导论课程建设需求,开展了对课程设计中的理论探索与实践。UbD模式在课程设计中的优势显著,注重学生对知识的理解和迁移使用,在医学导论课程设计中具有广阔的应用空间。展开更多
This research was carried out in Iranian EFL （English as a foreign language） reading comprehension classes in an attempt to answer three research questions： （1） Does collaborative reading lead to greater comprehe...This research was carried out in Iranian EFL （English as a foreign language） reading comprehension classes in an attempt to answer three research questions： （1） Does collaborative reading lead to greater comprehension of a text than private reading？; （2） If so, what strategies are used by the students during collaborative reading？; and （3） In what ways might these strategies contribute to the higher level of comprehension？. A quasi-experimental design was used to answer the first question. The participants were pre-tested and streamed into two classes of equal reading comprehension abilities. The intervention consisted of four texts of equal length, comprising two rated in a pilot study as conceptually difficult/linguistically easy, and two rated as conceptually easy/linguistically difficult. The subjects in each class were involved in reading the two types of texts collaboratively and privately for four sessions. After reading the text, the subjects were asked to answer in writing 10 comprehension questions. Collaborative reading resulted in consistently and significantly higher scores than private reading for all four texts. Qualitative methods were employed to answer the last two questions. Group interactions during collaborative reading were tape recorded and transcribed, and 10 students selected at random from the two classes were interviewed in depth. Analysis of the group interaction transcripts revealed that the participants were using five major strategies in co-constructing meaning from the texts. These strategies included brainstorming, clarifying the language, summarizing, paraphrasing, and interaction management. Other minor （i.e., infrequent） strategies were also identified, such as making PCU/NCU （positive/negative claim to understand）, eliciting confirmation, and confirming.展开更多
Industrial processes are mostly large-scale systems with high order.They use fully centralized control strategy,the parameters of which are difficult to tune.In the design of large-scale systems,the decomposition acco...Industrial processes are mostly large-scale systems with high order.They use fully centralized control strategy,the parameters of which are difficult to tune.In the design of large-scale systems,the decomposition according to the interaction between input and output variables is the first step and the basis for the selection of control structure.In this paper,the decomposition principle of processes in large-scale systems is proposed for the design of control structure.A new variable pairing method is presented,considering the steady-state information and dynamic response of large-scale system.By selecting threshold values,the related matrix can be transformed into the adjoining matrixes,which directly measure the couple among different loops.The optimal number of controllers can be obtained after decomposing the large-scale system.A practical example is used to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed interaction decomposition principle in process large-scale systems.展开更多
An integrated optimization design was described using multilevel decomposition technique on the base of the parametric distribution and independent axiom at the stages of lower level. Based on Pareto optimum solution,...An integrated optimization design was described using multilevel decomposition technique on the base of the parametric distribution and independent axiom at the stages of lower level. Based on Pareto optimum solution, the detailed parameters at lower level can be defined into the independent axiom. The suspension design was used as the simulation example. In an axiomatic design for the optimization design, the uncoupled and decoupled designs between functional requirements and design parameters are generally needed. But using the design sensitivity(or screening) of design parameters, the approximate uncoupled design is developed on behalf of the decoupled and coupled designs. Successive design parameters were applied to the suspension of torsion beam axle. The structural performance increases by 18%. The kinematic and compliance performance increases by 6% within the feasible ranges.展开更多
Abstract modern social awareness and people＇ s aesthetic psychology has undergone tremendous changes in the design of modem ceramic art poses severe requirements. This article from the perspective of modem lifestyles...Abstract modern social awareness and people＇ s aesthetic psychology has undergone tremendous changes in the design of modem ceramic art poses severe requirements. This article from the perspective of modem lifestyles, made from ceramic design concepts, modeling, implication, decoration, materials and technology and other aspects of transformation and innovation, in order to achieve adapt to the modem lifestyle, aesthetic purposes.展开更多
文摘追求理解的教学设计近年来备受推崇,采用这样的教学设计后能激发学生的好奇心和求知欲,调动学生学习的主动性,能有效地使用知识、知识迁移能力大大提高,锻炼透过现象看本质的思维品质,最终提升自己的思维模式和行为方式、达到修心和修为的统一。如何在课堂上实施,笔者就 Go for it 七下 Unit 4 section A 1a-1c 进行了尝试。
文摘Understanding by design(UbD)是设计优质教学单元的有效工具,在美国等国家教育界得到了广泛的应用。针对目前农林院校学生在课堂上普遍缺乏学习积极性、学习效果差的现状,UbD理论以三个步骤为设计依据,对环境微生物学课程中的微生物特性与功能教学单元进行了UbD模式的设计与应用。初步应用UbD教学效果表明,UbD教学模式有效地消除了课堂上的“法蒂玛”现象,显著提高了学生课堂参与度和师生互动的频率,激发了学生的学习积极性和求知欲,不仅使学生学习成绩提高,更主要的是使有关教学内容得到深入持久的理解与运用,实现了素质教育,达到了提高其综合能力的目的,教师也从UbD模式教案的设计与教学应用过程中,提升了专业知识水平并掌握了教学技巧。
文摘医学导论是一门为医学生开设的专业基础课程,以帮助其在较短时间内形成对专业内涵的客观认知、建立正确的知识体系。为了更好地发挥课程育人功能,突出其在高质量医学人才培养中的贡献度,本文基于理解为先的逆向教学设计模式(understanding by design,UbD)内涵分析和医学导论课程建设需求,开展了对课程设计中的理论探索与实践。UbD模式在课程设计中的优势显著,注重学生对知识的理解和迁移使用,在医学导论课程设计中具有广阔的应用空间。
文摘This research was carried out in Iranian EFL （English as a foreign language） reading comprehension classes in an attempt to answer three research questions： （1） Does collaborative reading lead to greater comprehension of a text than private reading？; （2） If so, what strategies are used by the students during collaborative reading？; and （3） In what ways might these strategies contribute to the higher level of comprehension？. A quasi-experimental design was used to answer the first question. The participants were pre-tested and streamed into two classes of equal reading comprehension abilities. The intervention consisted of four texts of equal length, comprising two rated in a pilot study as conceptually difficult/linguistically easy, and two rated as conceptually easy/linguistically difficult. The subjects in each class were involved in reading the two types of texts collaboratively and privately for four sessions. After reading the text, the subjects were asked to answer in writing 10 comprehension questions. Collaborative reading resulted in consistently and significantly higher scores than private reading for all four texts. Qualitative methods were employed to answer the last two questions. Group interactions during collaborative reading were tape recorded and transcribed, and 10 students selected at random from the two classes were interviewed in depth. Analysis of the group interaction transcripts revealed that the participants were using five major strategies in co-constructing meaning from the texts. These strategies included brainstorming, clarifying the language, summarizing, paraphrasing, and interaction management. Other minor （i.e., infrequent） strategies were also identified, such as making PCU/NCU （positive/negative claim to understand）, eliciting confirmation, and confirming.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21006127)the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB720500)
文摘Industrial processes are mostly large-scale systems with high order.They use fully centralized control strategy,the parameters of which are difficult to tune.In the design of large-scale systems,the decomposition according to the interaction between input and output variables is the first step and the basis for the selection of control structure.In this paper,the decomposition principle of processes in large-scale systems is proposed for the design of control structure.A new variable pairing method is presented,considering the steady-state information and dynamic response of large-scale system.By selecting threshold values,the related matrix can be transformed into the adjoining matrixes,which directly measure the couple among different loops.The optimal number of controllers can be obtained after decomposing the large-scale system.A practical example is used to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed interaction decomposition principle in process large-scale systems.
文摘An integrated optimization design was described using multilevel decomposition technique on the base of the parametric distribution and independent axiom at the stages of lower level. Based on Pareto optimum solution, the detailed parameters at lower level can be defined into the independent axiom. The suspension design was used as the simulation example. In an axiomatic design for the optimization design, the uncoupled and decoupled designs between functional requirements and design parameters are generally needed. But using the design sensitivity(or screening) of design parameters, the approximate uncoupled design is developed on behalf of the decoupled and coupled designs. Successive design parameters were applied to the suspension of torsion beam axle. The structural performance increases by 18%. The kinematic and compliance performance increases by 6% within the feasible ranges.
文摘Abstract modern social awareness and people＇ s aesthetic psychology has undergone tremendous changes in the design of modem ceramic art poses severe requirements. This article from the perspective of modem lifestyles, made from ceramic design concepts, modeling, implication, decoration, materials and technology and other aspects of transformation and innovation, in order to achieve adapt to the modem lifestyle, aesthetic purposes.
