建设项目设计评标方法浅析

针对目前设计评标方法的欠缺,提出了一种基于模糊数学的综合评价方法。根据模糊隶属度理论把定性评价转化为定量评价,解决了原有方法中定性与定量评价不能很好结合的问题,体现了评标结果的科学性和使用价值。

公路工程设计评标标准构建研究

在公路工程设计招投标过程中,建立公平、合理、科学的评标标准是进行设计招标的关键。本文首先根据文献研究法确定评标标准的组成内容,然后,针对评审因素这项内容,采用标杆管理和文献研究的方法,对评审因素的构成进行了细项划分,初步的建立了公路工程设计评审因素标准,从而在指标选择和因素筛选依据方面为招标人编制招标文件中的评标标准时提供建设性建议。

层次—模糊分析法在公路工程勘察设计评标中的应用

公路工程施工及工程项目的勘察设计越来越复杂,对各个竞争单位的勘察设计方案进行评标是一项非常重要也极为复杂的工作,既要做到公平公正,又要兼顾经济效益。从公路工程勘察设计评标工作的基本概况入手,具体介绍如何在公路工程勘察设计评标中应用层次—模糊分析法。

关于公路工程勘察设计评标工作的几点认识

公路工程勘察设计招标投标是公路建设领域中的一项改革和新的尝试,需要在实践中不断总结、完善并加以规范,结合工作实践和体会,对公路工程勘察设计评标工作提出了应该注意的问题和有关建议措施。

建设施工项目评标指标设计问题探讨

文章主要对建设施工项目评标的指标设计问题进行了探讨,概述了招标的概念、类型以及评标指标设计的原则,分析了建设施工项目的资格预审指标,具体包括强制性条件指标和一般性条件指标,最后分别对商务标评标指标和技术标评标指标进行了设计。

Crucial technologies in the design of Xiluodu Super High Arch Dam

Some super high arch dams （ SHADs）, like Xiluodu Arch Dam, after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m, confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction. Several crucial technologies of 6 SHADs will be reviewed and discussed in this and consecutive papers, including Xiluodu, Jinping I in China, Baktiary in Iran, ete. , on the topics of the research method, criterion for evaluation and engineering application of dam safety analysis and evaluation, reasonable dam base interface, dam shape optimization, comprehensive treatments of complex foundation, anti-seismic engineering, dam construction material, concrete placement and temperature control, instrumentation and monitoring of dam operation, etc. This paper will mainly focus on the overall safety of SHADs, reasonable dam base interface analysis and evaluation and their engineering application.

Design of an Index System for Deep Groundwater Management Efficiency Evaluation: A Case Study in Tianjin City, China

An effective evaluation system can provide specific and practical suggestions to the deep groundwater management. But such kind of evaluation system has not been proposed in China. In this study, an evaluation index system is specifically developed to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency. It is composed of three first-level indicators(law enforcement capability, management ability, and management effectiveness) and eleven second-level indicators. The second-level indicators include seven mandatory indicators and four optional indicators. Piecewise linear function is used to normalize the quantitative indicators, and expert scoring method and questionnaire survey method are used to normalize the qualitative indicators. Then a comprehensive indicator weighting evaluation method is used to evaluate the first-level indicators and the target topic. A case study is carried out to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency in Tianjin City. According to the evaluation score in each period, the management efficiency of every district in Tianjin City gradually improved. The overall evaluation score in the early deep groundwater extraction period is 0.12. After a series of deep groundwater protection efforts, this score reached to 0.61 in 2007, and met the regulation criteria. The evaluation results also showed that the further groundwater management efforts in Tianjin City should be focused on building a dynamic database to collect comprehensive deep well-log data; and on a reasonable design and distribution of the groundwater monitoring network. It demonstrated that the index system is suitable to locate the deficiencies of current groundwater management systems and to guide further improvements. It can then be used to protect deep groundwater.

Safety and Applicability Evaluation of Railway Bridges in China

There are more than eight different design standards in use for the existing railway bridges in China, which have different applicabilities for bridges built in different periods. In this paper, the design load standards in different periods are introduced and compared; The working status of the railway is investigated. According to the developing trend of separating passenger and freight transports, by comparing the computed results of the bridge effect and the fatigue cumulative damage, the applicabilities of bearing capacity and fatigue are analyzed for existing bridges. The results indicate that the bearing capacities of 99% existing bridges are suitable for the demand of 26.5 t （axle-weight） freight trains. However, for culverts, bridges with spans less than 20 m, longitudinal and transverse beams of through bridges, suspenders of truss bridges and other locally-stressed members should be evaluated and reinforced due to the increasing axle-weight.

A Case Study on Optimization of Urban Design Base on Wind Environment Simulation

Wind environment simulation of a commercial district in Baise city of Guangxi Province, China, is carried out in the design phase. The results are analyzed and based on the evaluation standard for greening building of China. The simulation method is discussed in detail, and some suggestions for wind environment optimization are put forward, which might be helpful for similar research.

Design of Human Resource Performance Evaluation System for Construction Enterprises

Based on job analysis for the permanent departments of construction enterprises, by combining KPI assessment method and 360-degree evaluation method, this article establishes a set of human resource performance evaluation indicator system; by determining indicators＇ weights and evaluators＇ grading weights through analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, offering a kind of dynamic computing method for performance evaluation, and tightly linking the evaluation result to employees＇ personal interests, this article builds up a set of scientific performance evaluation system. This article takes the engineering department of construction enterprises for example to explain the calculation and application of performance evaluation result. This article provides construction enterprises with a method reference for human resource performance evaluation.

Safety Aspects of Sustainable Storage Dams and Earthquake Safety of Existing Dams

The basic element in any sustainable dam project is safety, which includes the following safety elements： O structural safety, dam safety monitoring, operational safety and maintenance, and emergency planning. Long-term safety primarily includes the analysis of all hazards affecting the project; that is, hazards from the natural environment, hazards from the man-made environment, and project-specific and site-specific hazards. The special features of the seismic safety of dams are discussed. Large dams were the first structures to be systematically designed against earthquakes, starting in the 1930s. How- ever, the seismic safety of older dams is unknown, as most were designed using seismic design criteria and methods of dynamic analysis that are considered obsolete today. Therefore, we need to reevaluate the seismic safety of existing dams based on current state-of-the-art practices and rehabilitate deficient dams. For large dams, a site-specific seismic hazard analysis is usually recommended. Today, large dams and the safety-relevant elements used for controlling the reservoir after a strong earthquake must be able to withstand the ground motions of a safety evaluation earthquake. The ground motion parameters can be determined either by a probabilistic or a deterministic seismic hazard analysis. During strong earthquakes, inelastic deformations may occur in a dam; therefore, the seismic analysis has to be car- ried out in the time domain. Furthermore, earthquakes create multiple seismic hazards for dams such as ground shaking, fault movements, mass movements, and others. The ground motions needed by the dam engineer are not real earthquake ground motions but models of the ground motion, which allow the safe design of dams. It must also be kept in mind that darn safety evaluations must be carried out several times during the long life of large storage dams. These features are discussed in this paper.

Configuration Synthesis and Performance Evaluation Metrics of Lunar Rover Locomotion Systems

A method of topology synthesis based on graph theory and mechanism combination theory was applied to the configuration design of locomotion systems of lunar exploration rovers(LER).Through topology combination of wheel structural unit,suspension unit,and connecting device unit between suspension and load platform,some new locomotion system configurations were proposed and the metrics and indexes to evaluate the performance of the new locomotion system were analyzed.Performance evaluation and comparison between two LER with locomotion systems of different configurations were analyzed.The analysis results indicate that the new locomotion system configuration has good trafficability performance.

A Pioneering Low Carbon Material Database for Building Industry

Considering that buildings represent 40% of greenhouse gases and approximately 10% of global gross domestic product, the target the building industry has to accomplish is to get to a high quality and low carbon living, by reducing carbon emission by 2050, as said by Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. Considering these needs, designers, manufacturers and construction companies should be able to make use of web and design tools for collecting and inventorying a large variety of environmentally friendly materials, through a specific database that encloses low carbon certified products and eco-labeled ones. The eco-labels are internationally identified as the best tools to encourage the spread of green products and low carbon notions, even if in Europe, there is no specific tool to be used. The project called LoCaMat （Low Carbon Material Database） will act as the first Italian and European database that encompasses multiple data on certified green materials to be used for the construction sector, making buildings climate change resilient, ensuring an efficient use of energy and resources, getting to a complete life cycle assessment for buildings materials and components, encompassing, for the first time, green data and every kind of environmental specs for sustainable design and green practice.

Cost-Benefit of Interface Management Improvement in Design-Manufacturing Chain

Design-manufacturing chain （D-MC） is the most important link of the supply chain with the greatest possibility in cost reduction. How to strengthen the effective management of interracial relationship between designer and manufacturer and increase the efficency of interface management concerns the efficiency of the whole supply chain. In order to evaluate and improve the impacts of D-MC interfacial relationship, first we should construct the evaluation index system and then we should analyze the total cost and benefit of the interfacial relationship betterment, including the cost of member units in D-MC, the opportunity cost of cooperation partners, and the market returns resulted from the interfacial relationship improvement, which will advance the whole supply chain efficiency as well as enhance the management performance of D-MC.