This paper researches into the influence of barriers on flame and explosion wave in gas explosion on the basis of experiment. The result shows that the barrier is very important to the transmission of flame and explos...This paper researches into the influence of barriers on flame and explosion wave in gas explosion on the basis of experiment. The result shows that the barrier is very important to the transmission of flame and explosion wave in gas explosion. When there are barriers, the speed of transmission would be very fast and shock wave will appear in gas explosion, which would increase gas explosion power. The result of research is very important to prevent gas explosion and decrease the power of it.展开更多
This paper summarizes the approach, findings and evaluation methodology for a study that investigated the feasibility and potential impacts of street conversion options on traffic operations in downtown Birmingham, A...This paper summarizes the approach, findings and evaluation methodology for a study that investigated the feasibility and potential impacts of street conversion options on traffic operations in downtown Birmingham, Alabama. Of particular interest were issues related to conversion of grid systems from one-way to two-way operations. Recommendations on the most promising design and control configurations for implementation are also provided. A literature review was performed that threw light on the issues and challenges associated with implementation of street conversions, and the available best practices. A comprehensive traffic impact analysis that ensued employed the SYNCHRO computer simulation model to represent current and future operations so as to assess the implications of two-way conversions at and around the test sites. Detailed realistic two-way operations scenarios were developed that considered geometric and right-of-way restrictions, the location of land uses that generate and/or attract vehicular and pedestrian traffic, connectivity with the street grid, and accessibility to nearby freeway facilities, as well as practical concerns.展开更多
Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowled...Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.展开更多
文摘This paper researches into the influence of barriers on flame and explosion wave in gas explosion on the basis of experiment. The result shows that the barrier is very important to the transmission of flame and explosion wave in gas explosion. When there are barriers, the speed of transmission would be very fast and shock wave will appear in gas explosion, which would increase gas explosion power. The result of research is very important to prevent gas explosion and decrease the power of it.
文摘This paper summarizes the approach, findings and evaluation methodology for a study that investigated the feasibility and potential impacts of street conversion options on traffic operations in downtown Birmingham, Alabama. Of particular interest were issues related to conversion of grid systems from one-way to two-way operations. Recommendations on the most promising design and control configurations for implementation are also provided. A literature review was performed that threw light on the issues and challenges associated with implementation of street conversions, and the available best practices. A comprehensive traffic impact analysis that ensued employed the SYNCHRO computer simulation model to represent current and future operations so as to assess the implications of two-way conversions at and around the test sites. Detailed realistic two-way operations scenarios were developed that considered geometric and right-of-way restrictions, the location of land uses that generate and/or attract vehicular and pedestrian traffic, connectivity with the street grid, and accessibility to nearby freeway facilities, as well as practical concerns.
文摘Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.
