基于Arc-WofE系统的证据权法在层控型铅锌成矿预测中的应用

通过分析四川宁南地区层控铅锌矿床成矿特征,建立了基于GIS平台的应用图层数据库,采用Arc-WofE系统进行证据权法模拟预测,划分出13个铅锌成矿远景区.通过对宁南地区现有矿床的分析,认为证据权法数学预测模型对区域成矿远景区预测有较高的准确性和科学性,同时在和Arc-WofE系统结合后,可对多源信息进行空间位置综合处理并形成新的综合变量,能更全面、客观的反映地质体空间特征,使成矿预测更加准确.

川西北金矿的证据权模型及其预测应用

在深入理解川西北地区金矿成矿特征的基础上 ,建立了该区的地质、物探、化探、遥感和金矿床 (点 )数据库 ,优选了 10个致矿证据层。应用证据权模型对该区进行成矿分析 ,认为本区共有NW、NE、SN、EW四个方向上的金矿成矿区 ,同时分析了四个成矿区的分布特征和空间耦合关系。在此基础上 ,根据该区成矿概率分布进行了有利成矿远景区的预测 。

试谈间接证据的证明方法

由一定数量的、互相联系着的直接证据和间接证据所构成的完整的证据系统,是一个多极的复杂结构.可以分为若干的子系统和孙子系统;同时还可以按照证据与案件事实联系的程度不同,划分为不同的证据层次.间接证据的证明作用取决于它所处的证据系统的证据层次:就与整个案件事实的联系来说,所处层次越远,与案件事实的客观联系越间接,证明作用就越弱;就纵向所划分的证据系统所要证明的那件事来说,所处证据系统越小,与所要证明的那件事实的联系也就越直接,证明作用就越大.

利用证据权重法进行综合信息矿产资源预测——以大兴安岭北部地区为例

证据权重法是一种重要的矿产资源预测方法,它是基于二值图像的地学统计方法,通过对与矿产资源相关的地学信息的叠加分析进行预测,其优点是数据驱动、易于编程实现。笔者通过对大兴安岭北部地区金矿预测实验,证明证据权重法数学预测模型对区域成矿远景区预测有较高的准确性和科学性,同时在与ARCGIS系统结合后,可对多源信息进行空间位置综合处理并形成新的综合变量,能更全面、客观的反映地质体空间特征,使成矿预测更加准确。

地理信息系统在黑龙江西北部金矿成矿预测中的应用

地理信息系统(GIS)技术的应用已成为提高矿产资源预测水平的重要途径。本文在分析黑龙江西北部地区金矿床成矿特征的基础上,对该地区的各类地质异常信息进行分析,提取与成矿有关的地层、构造、岩浆岩、遥感、物探、化探异常等11个证据图层。采用证据权重法对该区进行成矿预测,按照后验概率将其划分了3级有利成矿区,预测出了15个成矿远景区,对该区的金矿床的资源预测与评价具有重要的参考价值。

陕西秦巴地区金矿潜力区预测与评价

在了解秦巴地区地层、构造和侵入岩体等地质背景的基础上,深入分析了该区已知金矿床的控矿地质因素。以控矿地质因素作为致矿证据层,应用证据权法对研究区进行成矿预测,圈定了7个金矿远景区并进行了远景评价。

基于GIS平台的多元信息分级靶区预测方法探讨——以土屋-延东铜矿床预测为例

预测区所属的东天山地区以康古尔深大断裂为界,北属哈尔里克-大南湖晚古生代岛弧带,南为觉罗塔格晚古生代岛弧带。利用多元信息的靶区预测将成矿地质信息的有序综合,遵循综合地质信息由表及里,工作程度由低到高的原则。以地球化学异常、航磁异常、有利找矿地层、断裂影响带(buffer)、中酸性岩浆岩(斑岩)为证据层,在MAPGIS平台下,对靶区进行了分级预测。三级预测靶区面积最大,主要位于预测区域的中部。二级预测靶区主要位于预测区的中部,演康古尔断裂北侧。一级预测靶区主要位于二级靶区内靠近已知矿床的周边。

Application of seismic multi-attribute fusion method based on D-S evidence theory in prediction of CBM-enriched area

D-S evidence theory provides a good approach to fuse uncertain inlbrmation. In this article, we introduce seismic multi-attribute fusion based on D-S evidence theory to predict the coalbed methane （CBM） concentrated areas. First, we choose seismic attributes that are most sensitive to CBM content changes with the guidance of CBM content measured at well sites. Then the selected seismic attributes are fused using D-S evidence theory and the fusion results are used to predict CBM-enriched area. The application shows that the predicted CBM content and the measured values are basically consistent. The results indicate that using D-S evidence theory in seismic multi-attribute fusion to predict CBM-enriched areas is feasible.

行星周围的行星？

行星可以在质量极小的天体周围形成，这样的证据层出不穷。事实上，甚至在那些质量已经低到连它们本身都可被视为行星的天体周围，行星也许仍然会形成。利用位于智利的两台欧洲望远镜，贾亚瓦德哈那和他的同事瓦伦蒂诺·伊万诺夫观测了7颗自由飘荡的亚恒星天体，并且拍摄了它们的光谱。

On the Tectonic Problems of the Southern East China Sea and Adjacent Regions:Evidence from Gravity and Magnetic Data

In this paper, two sets of gravity and magnetic data were used to study the tectonics of the southern East China Sea and Ryukyu trench-arc system： one data set was from the ＇Geological-geophysical map series of China Seas and adjacent areas＇ database and the other was newly collected by R/VKexue Ⅲ in 2011. Magnetic and gravity data were reorganized and processed using the software MMDP, MGDP and RGIS. In addition to the description of the anomaly patterns in different areas, deep and shallow structure studies were performed by using several kinds of calculation, including a spectrum analysis, upward-continuation of the Bouguer anomaly and horizontal derivatives of the total-field magnetic anomaly. The depth of the Moho and magnetic basement were calculated. Based on the above work, several controversial tectonic problems were discussed. Compared to the shelf area and Ryukyu Arc, the Okinawa Trough has an obviously thinned crust, with the thinnest area having thickness less than 14km in the southern part. The Taiwan-Sinzi belt, which terminates to the south by the NW-SE trending Miyako fault belt, contains the relic volcanic arc formed by the splitting of the paleo Ryukyu volcanic arc as a result of the opening of the Okinawa Trough. As an important tectonic boundary, the strike-slip type Miyako fault belt extends northwestward into the shelf area and consists of several discontinuous segments. A forearc terrace composed of an exotic terrane collided with the Ryukyu Arc following the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. Mesozoic strata of varying thicknesses exist beneath the Cenozoic strata in the shelf basin and significantly influence the magnetic pattern of this area. The gravity and magnetic data support the existence of a Great East China Sea, which suggests that the entire southern East China Sea shelf area was a basin in the Mesozoic without alternatively arranged uplifts and depressions, and might have extended southwestward and connected with the northern South China Sea shelf basin.

Short-and Long-Term Response of Phytoplankton to ENSO in Prydz Bay, Antarctica: Evidences from Field Measurements, Remote Sensing Data and Stratigraphic Biomarker Records

The study provides one of the first lines of evidence showing linkages between Antarctic phytoplankton abundance and composition in response to ENSO, based on historical reconstruction of sediment biomarkers. In addition to sediment biomarkers, field measured and remote sensing data of phytoplankton abundance were also recorded from Prydz Bay, Eastern Antarctica. Com-munity structure of field measured phytoplankton showed significant El Ni？o/La Ni？a-related succession during 1990 to 2002. In general, the number of algae species decreased during El Ni？o and La Ni？a years compared to normal years. Austral summer monthly variation of remotely sensed chlorophyll-a （Chl-a）, particulate organic carbon （POC）, and sea surface temperature （SST） indicated that ENSO impacted the timing of phytoplankton blooms during 2007 to 2011. Phytoplankton blooms （indicated by Chl-a and POC） preceded the increases in SST during El Ni？o years, and lagged behind the SST increases during La Ni？a years. Stratigraphic record of marine sedimentary lipid （brassicasterol, dinosterol and alkenones） biomarkers inferred that the proportions of different algae （diatoms, dinoflagellates and haptophytes） changed significantly between El Ni？o and La Ni？a events. The relative proportion of diatoms increased, with that of dinoflagellates being decreased during El Ni？o years, while it was reversed during La Ni？a years.

Pancreatico-biliary endoscopic ultrasound:A systematic review of the levels of evidence,performance and outcomes

Our aim was to record pancreaticobiliary endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) literature of the past 3 decades and evaluate its role based on a critical appraisal of published studies according to levels of evidence(LE).Original research articles(randomized controlled trials,prospective and retrospective studies),meta-analyses,reviews and surveys pertinent to gastrointestinal EUS were included.All articles published until September 2011 were retrieved from PubMed and classified according to specific disease entities,anatomical subdivisions and therapeutic applications of EUS.The North of England evidencebased guidelines were used to determine LE.A total of 1089 pertinent articles were reviewed.Published research focused primarily on solid pancreatic neoplasms,followed by disorders of the extrahepatic biliary tree,pancreatic cystic lesions,therapeutic-interventional EUS,chronic and acute pancreatitis.A uniform observation in all six categories of articles was the predominance of LE Ⅲ studies followed by LE Ⅳ,Ⅱb,Ⅱa,Ⅰb and Ⅰ a,in descending order.EUS remains the most accurate method for detecting small(< 3 cm) pancreatic tumors,ampullary neoplasms and small(< 4 mm) bile duct stones,and the best test to define vascular invasion in pancreatic and peri-ampullary neoplasms.Detailed EUS imaging,along with biochemical and molecular cyst fluid analysis,improve the differentiation of pancreatic cysts and help predict their malignant potential.Early diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis appears feasible and reliable.Novel imaging techniques(contrast-enhanced EUS,elastography) seem promising for the evaluation of pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis.Therapeutic applications currently involve pancreaticobiliary drainage and targeted fine needle injection-guided antitumor therapy.Despite the ongoing development of extra-corporeal imaging modalities,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography,EUS still holds a leading role in the investigation of the pancreaticobiliary area.The major challenge of EUS evolution is its expanding therapeutic potential towards an effective and minimally invasive management of complex pancreaticobiliary disorders.

GiT-based structural geologic feature analysis of the southern segment of Longmenshan fault zone for earthquake evidence

The Longmenshan fault is a thrust fault which runs along the base of the Longmen Mountains in Siehuan province, southwestern China. The southern segment of the fault had two distinct responses to the Ms 8 Wenehuan and Ms 7 Lushan earthquakes. This study determines characteristics of the structural geology of the Longmenshan fault to evaluate how it influenced the two aforementioned earthquakes. This research was done within a Geo- information Technologies （GiT） environment based on multi-source remote sensing and crustal movement data extracted from the Global Positioning System （GPS）. The spatial distribution of the southern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone was comprehensively analyzed to study both earthquakes. The study revealed that the Wenehuan and Lushan earthquakes occurred on two relatively independent faults. In addition, there was a nearly constant-velocity crustal movement zone between the two epicenters that probably had a compressive stress with slow motion. Furthermore, the central fault and a mountain back fault gradually merged from north to south. The Lushan earthquake of the Wenchuan earthquake. was not an affershock The research showed that fault zones within 30-50 km of State Highway 318 are intensive and complex. In addition, crustal movement velocity decreased rapidly, with a strong multi-directional shear zone. Thus, activity in that zone was likely stronger than in the northern part over the medium to long term.

Fusion of ERT Images Based on Dempster-Shafer's Evidence Theory

In this paper, an electrical resistance tomography(ERT) imaging method is used as a classifier, and then the Dempster-Shafer's evidence theory with fuzzy clustering is integrated to improve the ERT image quality. The fuzzy clustering is applied to determining the key mass function, and dealing with the uncertain, incomplete and inconsistent measured imaging data in ERT. The proposed method was applied to images with the same investigated object under eight typical current drive patterns. Experiments were performed on a group of simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics tool and measurements with a piece of porcine lung and a pair of porcine kidneys as test materials. Compared with any single drive pattern, the proposed method can provide images with a spatial resolution of about 10% higher, while the time resolution was almost the same.

Experimental evidence for non-linear growth in compressible mixing layer

An experimental study of compressible mixing layers(CMLs)was conducted using planar laser Mie scattering(PLMS)visualizations from condensed ethanol droplets in the flow.Large ensembles of digital images were collected for two flow conditions at convective Mach numbers Mc=0.11 and 0.47.The coherent vortices,braids and eruptions in the mixing zone were observed,interpreted as evidence of multi-scale,three-dimensional structures at a high Reynolds number.The mixing layers with a large visualized range present two stages along the streamwise direction,corresponding to the initial mixing and the well-developed stage.A new method,the gray level ensemble average method(GLEAM),by virtue of the similarity of the mixing layer,was applied to measure the growth rate of the CML thickness.New evidence for a nonlinear growth of CML is reported,providing an interpretation of previous observations of the scattering of the growth rate.