基于高维标度评价法的数字经济发展水平评价

文章构建多种形式的高维标度评价法(MDSEM),该系列方法从评价对象间距离矩阵出发,更适用于小样本。当采用欧氏距离时,MDSEM等价于第一主成分评价法,基于熵权Minkowski距离的MDSEM可提高评价结果的一致性。基于MDSEM对2013—2020年中国数字经济发展水平进行测度并分析其时空分布特征,结果表明:中国数字经济发展水平呈现空间集聚特征,上海、江苏、浙江、北京、天津等东部地区省份相互促进、高水平运转,而大多数中西部地区省份则处于低-低弱集聚状态;区域差异较大,总体Gini系数先下降后略有上升,区间Gini系数贡献率在高位震荡下降,主要取决于东-中部、东-西部差异;从省份排名来看,2013—2020年,贵州、湖南、河北、江西等进步较大,而宁夏、新疆、黑龙江、山西等退步较大;5种数字经济发展状态较为稳定,跃级转移几乎不可能发生,稳态分布呈现橄榄球形状,较为合理。

论AHP的标度评价

提出标度评价两大准则——客观性与实用性。运用 AHP自身的思想建立标度评价层次结构 。

层次分析法中两种标度的对比分析

从标度的保序性、一致性、均匀性、权重拟合性4个方面对层次分析法中的1-9标度和0.1-0.9标度进行比较,结果表明两种标度法都具有保序性和一致性,此外1-9标度的均匀性比0.1-0.9标度要好,而权重拟合性前者比后者差.

基于AHP指数标度综合评价法的传统村落保护性活化利用策略研究——以丽水市松阳县为例

松阳县地处浙江西南部,其以丰富的传统村落历史性资源遗存而获得"江南最后的秘境"的美名.但目前松阳县传统村落由于历史条件、政策供给、开发模式等各方面因素的差异存在保护现状的不同.本文选取松阳县5个代表性传统村落,通过AHP指数标度综合评价法判断其保护性发展状况优劣,并综合多层次考虑,以保护性利用替代单纯的"输血式"保护,提出活化利用建议,实现乡村振兴.

关于网络分析法ANP中几种标度的研究

网络分析法ANP在层次分析法AHP的基础上考虑了同层次元素间的影响和下层次对上层次的反馈作用,已经得到广泛应用。网络分析法中的标度是将人的定性判断转化为定量分析的一种数量指标。如何对事物间两两比较的重要性程度进行定量描述是标度运用的关键。对几种主要标度的一致性检验和顺序一致性进行分析研究,并通过SD软件演算在不同标度下的决策问题。由于数量化的结果是决策的基础和依据,因此选择适当的标度是ANP方法的应用关键。

中国八大综合经济区经济高质量发展测度研究——基于高维标度评价法

在详细讨论评价指标选择及测度问题基础上,选取5个方面19个指标,构建评价指标体系,基于高维标度分析构造新的评价方法,对中国八大经济区经济高质量发展状况进行综合评价,用熵权耦合协调度、等级相关系数等度量地区经济发展的协调性与各项排名的一致性,并构造多维基尼系数、修正变异系数等测度地区差异。研究发现:总体来说,中国经济正朝着量质双升的方向发展,但区域协调性、均衡性明显不足。东部沿海整体水平较高,各方面发展相对均衡;南部沿海在创新驱动方面协调不足;北部沿海在效率提升方面有待于加强;长江中游整体进步,经济差距较小;黄河中游发展参差不齐;相对而言,东北整体“倒退”,在经济增长方面“下滑”更为明显,在效率提升方面明显欠缺;大西南和大西北发展明显滞后,区域内部协调性、均衡性均较差。基于高维标度分析构建的新的评价方法简单有效,适用于多种数据类型,尤其是小样本数据,构造的地区差异测度适用范围更广。

多粒度拓展语言层级群组DEMATEL改进方法

决策试行与评价实验室方法(decision making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)作为一种面向复杂社会经济系统问题的因素分析算法,近年来受到国内外学者的广泛关注。为解决DEMATEL方法在分析复杂不确定社会经济系统时,由于专家知识背景不同而导致的群组专家选择多粒度评价标度进行偏好信息判断的问题,引入二元语义模型表达群组专家的偏好判断信息,提出一种基于拓展语言层级模型的多粒度群组DEMATEL改进方法。改进方法先对群组专家给出的不同粒度评价信息构造二元语义直接影响矩阵,再利用拓展语言层级模型进行归一化处理,并通过二元语义集合算子进行群组信息的集成,进而运用DEMATEL方法进行系统因素的因果关系分析与决策。最后,将改进方法应用于中国汽车零部件再制造的内部障碍因素分析,案例应用结果表明,所提方法在实践中是切实可行的。

AHP中判断矩阵的几种构造方法综述

层次分析法因其简单易行而应用广泛,其中对于判断矩阵构造问题的研究也是目前国内的研究热点。总结了近几年国内外对于判断矩阵构造问题的研究,并进行了归纳分类,给出了对于各种构造方法选取的评价标准,指出推广这些方法才是研究者需要关心的问题。

E-government maturity model and its evaluation

In order to ensure e-government construction healthily,rapidly and orderly develop,an e-government maturity model（EGMM）is proposed based on a software capability maturity model （CMM）and a project management maturity model（PMMM）. Five levels of maturity in e-government development process are constructed,which include network infrastructure,information serving,information interactive,information sharing and comprehensive integrating.An index system of e-government maturity is put forward,and then an e-government maturity levels evaluation method is presented,which can provide clear,detailed and efficient decision information and investment directions of e-government for decision-makers.The EGMM and its maturity evaluation method are helpful for improving the construction of e-government.

基于区间灰度的区域物流配送中心选址实证分析

结合区域物流配送中心选址评价中存在的不确定性和评价信息量获取不充足性,提出采用语言标度和灰度构成的有序对作为评价标度,并利用OWA算子获得评价指标权重和组合权重,给出一种区域物流配送中心选址方法,最后实证分析了该方法的可行性和科学性。

救生舱内氧含量舒适度研究

在救生舱内长时间等待救援过程中,避难人员能够适应的的氧气体积分数存在一个较宽的范围,如果氧分压过低会引起各种缺氧反应,精神效能受到影响;氧分压过高则不能保证正常新陈代谢,会导致氧中毒等现象。通过测试不同环境温度下受试人员心率与氧气体积分数的关系,得到人体氧含量生理舒适度的范围。同时参照ASHRAE七级标度法,设计了新的非对称五标度舒适度评价体系,采用调查问卷方式得到受试人员对氧含量的舒适度投票,通过两种方法确定了人体在救生舱内长时间生存时氧气体积分数的上、下限分别为18.5%和22.5%。通过对舒适度曲线的拟合,得到人体舒适度感觉与环境中氧气体积分数的依变关系。

Decision-Making Method for Problem of Goal Type Based on Evaluation Criterion

The presently existing decision making method for problem of goal type, i.e. the goal programming, is popular to some extent. In this paper we analyzed the features of the problem and the method,based on which we found some defects of the method and pointed out these defects. To overcome these defects we absorbed the spirit and exploited concepts of evaluation criterion and the fault measure of evaluation criterion. We proposed and applied a method with an evaluation criterion, after which we also p...

A Quantitative Security Metric Model for Security Controls:Secure Virtual Machine Migration Protocol as Target of Assessment

Quantitative security metrics are desirable for measuring the performance of information security controls. Security metrics help to make functional and business decisions for improving the performance and cost of the security controls. However, defining enterprise-level security metrics has already been listed as one of the hard problems in the Info Sec Research Council's hard problems list. Almost all the efforts in defining absolute security metrics for the enterprise security have not been proved fruitful. At the same time, with the maturity of the security industry, there has been a continuous emphasis from the regulatory bodies on establishing measurable security metrics. This paper addresses this need and proposes a relative security metric model that derives three quantitative security metrics named Attack Resiliency Measure(ARM), Performance Improvement Factor(PIF), and Cost/Benefit Measure(CBM) for measuring the performance of the security controls. For the effectiveness evaluation of the proposed security metrics, we took the secure virtual machine(VM) migration protocol as the target of assessment. The virtual-ization technologies are rapidly changing the landscape of the computing world. Devising security metrics for virtualized environment is even more challenging. As secure virtual machine migration is an evolving area and no standard protocol is available specifically for secure VM migration. This paper took the secure virtual machine migration protocol as the target of assessment and applied the proposed relative security metric model for measuring the Attack Resiliency Measure, Performance Improvement Factor, and Cost/Benefit Measure of the secure VM migration protocol.

CLUSTERING VALIDITY BASED ON THE IMPROVED S_DBW INDEX

For many clustering algorithms,it is very important to determine an appropriate number of clusters,which is called cluster validity problem.In this paper,a new clustering validity assessment index is proposed based on a novel method to select the margin point between two clusters for in-ter-cluster similarity more accurately,and provides an improved scatter function for intra-cluster similarity.Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed index on the data sets under consideration regardless of the choice of a clustering algorithm.

Integrating unascertained measurement and information entropy theory to assess blastability of rock mass

Due to the complex features of rock mass blastability assessment systems, an evaluation model of rock mass blastability was established on the basis of the unascertained measurement （UM） theory and the actual characteristics of the project. Considering a comprehensive range of intact rock properties and discontinuous structures of rock mass, twelve main factors influencing the evaluation blastability of rock mass were taken into account in the UM model, and the blastability evaluation index system of rock mass was constructed. The unascertained evaluation indices corresponding to the selected factors for the actual situation were solved both qualitatively and quantitatively. Then, the UM function of each evaluation index was obtained based on the initial data for the analysis of the blastability of six rock mass at a highway improvement cutting site in North Wales. The index weights of the factors were calculated by entropy theory, and credible degree identification （CDI） criteria were established according to the UM theory. The results of rock mass blastability evaluation were obtained by the CDI criteria. The results show that the UM model assessment results agree well with the actual records, and are consistent with those of the fuzzy sets evaluation method. Meanwhile, the unascertained superiority degree of rock mass blastability of samples S1-$6 which can be calculated by scoring criteria are 3.428 5, 3.453 3, 4.058 7, 3.675 9, 3.516 7 and 3.289 7, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed method can take into account large amount of uncertain information in blastability evaluation, which can provide an effective, credible and feasible way for estimating the blastability of rock mass. Engineering practices show that it can complete the blastability assessment systematically and scientifically without any assumption by the proposed model, which can be applied to practical engineering.

Effect of dry density on the liquefaction behaviour of Quaternary silt

Quaternary silt is widely distributed in China and easily liquefies during earthquakes. To identify the influence of the dry density on the liquefaction behaviour of Quaternary silt, 40 cyclic triaxial liquefaction tests were performed on loose silt(dry density rd=1.460 g/cm^3) and dense silt(rd=1.586 g/cm^3) under different cyclic stress ratios(CSRs) to obtain liquefaction assessment criteria, determine the liquefaction resistance, improve the excess pore water pressure(EPWP) growth model and clarify the relationship between the shear modulus and damping ratio. The results indicate that the initial liquefaction assessment criteria for the loose and dense silts are a double-amplitude axial strain of 5% and an EPWP ratio of 1. The increase in the anti-liquefaction ability for the dense silt is more significant under lower confining pressures. The CSR of loose silt falls well within the results of the sandy silt and Fraser River silt, and the dense silt exhibits a higher liquefaction resistance than the sand-silt mixture. The relationships between the CSR and loading cycles were obtained at a failure strain of 1%. The EPWP development in the dense and loose silts complies with the "fast-stable" and "fast-gentle-sharp" growth modes, respectively. The power function model can effectively describe the EPWP growth characteristics of the dense silt. Finally, based on the liquefaction behaviour of silt, a suggestion for reinforcing silt slopes or foundations is proposed.

Simulation-based multi-objective optimization for roll shifting strategy in hot strip mill

A simulation-based multi-objective optimization approach for roll shifting strategy in hot strip mills was presented. Firstly, the effect of roll shifting strategy on wear contour was investigated by mtmerical simulation, and two evaluation indexes including edge smoothness and body smoothness of wear contours were introduced. Secondly, the edge smoothness average and body smoothness average of all the strips in a rolling campaign were selected as objective functions, and shifting control parameters as decision variables, the multi-objective method of MODE/D as the optimizer, and then a simulation-based multi-objective optimization model for roll shifting strategy was built. The experimental result shows that MODE/D can obtain a good Pareto-optimal front, which suggests a series of alternative solutions to roll shifting strategy. Moreover, the conflicting relationship between two objectives can also be found, which indicates another advantage of multi-objective optimization. Finally, industrial test confirms the feasibility of the multi-objective approach for roll shifting strategy, and it can improve strip profile and extend same width rolling miles of a rolling campaign from 35 km to 70 km.

Method of effective evaluation for examination of chloride ion in concrete

The chloride ion contained in reinforced concrete seriously corrodes the steel surface and damages concrete, resulting in inferior reinforced concrete that strength seriously compromises the entire structure’s safety. Consequently, the examination of chloride ions contained in reinforced concrete becomes an important part of a complete quality control procedure. To effectively check the concentration of chloride ions in concrete, the evaluation process should be accurate and precise. Laboratory data ob- tained using existing evaluation methods for the examination of chloride ion are not sufficiently objective to yield reliable results with accuracy and consistency for each sample. An evaluation algorithm with capability to define indices of precision degree (Ep) and accuracy degree (Ea) is presented in this paper. The authors established a statistically reliable index of unbiased estimators and equations to critically examine the laboratory methods’ precision, accuracy degrees and application value for measuring chlorine ion concentration in reinforced concrete.

Priority of Factors Affected on Customer＇s Satisfaction in the E-Banking by Using Kano Model and Analytical Hierarchy Process： A Case of Iranian Commercial Bank

The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction＇s in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important sectors that plays key role for grasping developed condition is banking sector. Banks like other institutions also look for augmenting their profits and increasing their strength by expansion. The designing of bank must involve selection of those that have sufficient success potential. Hence, from several factors of success, the following three criteria factors have been： selected-customer satisfied, one dimensional, and product fully functional. These factors offers three question multi criteria group extracted from a 16 norms. Also, three criteria factors have been studied over a period of five years and important criteria for evaluating the norms. The Analytical Hierarchy Process （AHP） has been employed to calculate the success potential of each norm. The empirical data comprises the longitudinal survey of the agricultural banking of the Semnan province. The paper, also, finds that product fully functional is placed as the first priority.

Intensity measures for seismic liquefaction hazard evaluation of sloping site

This work investigates the correlation between a large number of widely used ground motion intensity measures(IMs) and the corresponding liquefaction potential of a soil deposit during earthquake loading. In order to accomplish this purpose the seismic responses of 32 sloping liquefiable site models consisting of layered cohesionless soil were subjected to 139 earthquake ground motions. Two sets of ground motions, consisting of 80 ordinary records and 59 pulse-like near-fault records are used in the dynamic analyses. The liquefaction potential of the site is expressed in terms of the the mean pore pressure ratio, the maximum ground settlement, the maximum ground horizontal displacement and the maximum ground horizontal acceleration. For each individual accelerogram, the values of the aforementioned liquefaction potential measures are determined. Then, the correlation between the liquefaction potential measures and the IMs is evaluated. The results reveal that the velocity spectrum intensity(VSI) shows the strongest correlation with the liquefaction potential of sloping site. VSI is also proven to be a sufficient intensity measure with respect to earthquake magnitude and source-to-site distance, and has a good predictability, thus making it a prime candidate for the seismic liquefaction hazard evaluation.