This paper presents evaluation and comparison of the TCP performance in different mobile scenarios generated by Random Waypoint (RW) and Social Network (SN) mobility models. To our knowledge, TCP performance in SN mob...This paper presents evaluation and comparison of the TCP performance in different mobile scenarios generated by Random Waypoint (RW) and Social Network (SN) mobility models. To our knowledge, TCP performance in SN mobility is discussed for the first time. The impact of AODV and DSDV routing protocols on the TCP goodput, delay and drop rate per- formance is also discussed. Extensive simulation results and analysis showed that TCP has better performance over AODV than over DSDV and has more stable performance in SN mobility than in RW mobility. We suggest using more mobility models, in particular, such as SN, in the evaluations of the transport layer or routing layer protocols because the mobility patterns have impacts on the protocol performance.展开更多
Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between Ma...Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between March 2010 and January 2015 at a regional trauma center. Patient demographics, transfusion practices, and clinical outcomes were compared by type of trauma sustained. Results： Penetrating trauma patients who required MTP activation were significantly younger, had lower injury severity score （ISS）, higher probability of survival （POS）, decreased mortality, and higher Glasgow Coma scale （GCS） compared to blunt trauma patients. Overall, the mortality rate was 38.16~. The most common injury sustained among blunt trauma patients was head injury （36.21~）, whereas the majority of the penetrating trauma patients sustained abdominal injuries （55.56~）. Although the admission coagulation parameters and timing of coagulopathy were not significantly different between the two groups of patients, a significantly higher proportion of penetrating trauma patients received high plasma content therapy relative to blunt trauma patients （p 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Despite the use of the same MTP for all injured patients requiring massive transfusion, significant differences existed between blunt trauma patients and penetrating trauma patients. These differences in transfusion characteristics and outcomes following MTP activation underscore the complexity of implementing MTPs and warrant vigilant transfusion practices to improve outcomes in trauma patients.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90412010), the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2003CB317003), and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China under the Area of Excellence (AoE) Scheme (No. AoE/E-01/99)
文摘This paper presents evaluation and comparison of the TCP performance in different mobile scenarios generated by Random Waypoint (RW) and Social Network (SN) mobility models. To our knowledge, TCP performance in SN mobility is discussed for the first time. The impact of AODV and DSDV routing protocols on the TCP goodput, delay and drop rate per- formance is also discussed. Extensive simulation results and analysis showed that TCP has better performance over AODV than over DSDV and has more stable performance in SN mobility than in RW mobility. We suggest using more mobility models, in particular, such as SN, in the evaluations of the transport layer or routing layer protocols because the mobility patterns have impacts on the protocol performance.
文摘Purpose： To evaluate massive transfusion protocol practices by trauma type at a level I trauma center. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample of 76 trauma patients with MTP activation between March 2010 and January 2015 at a regional trauma center. Patient demographics, transfusion practices, and clinical outcomes were compared by type of trauma sustained. Results： Penetrating trauma patients who required MTP activation were significantly younger, had lower injury severity score （ISS）, higher probability of survival （POS）, decreased mortality, and higher Glasgow Coma scale （GCS） compared to blunt trauma patients. Overall, the mortality rate was 38.16~. The most common injury sustained among blunt trauma patients was head injury （36.21~）, whereas the majority of the penetrating trauma patients sustained abdominal injuries （55.56~）. Although the admission coagulation parameters and timing of coagulopathy were not significantly different between the two groups of patients, a significantly higher proportion of penetrating trauma patients received high plasma content therapy relative to blunt trauma patients （p 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Despite the use of the same MTP for all injured patients requiring massive transfusion, significant differences existed between blunt trauma patients and penetrating trauma patients. These differences in transfusion characteristics and outcomes following MTP activation underscore the complexity of implementing MTPs and warrant vigilant transfusion practices to improve outcomes in trauma patients.
