国外图书馆评估数据可视化应用研究和启示

剖析数据可视化技术的定义、产生、发展及特点,对俄亥俄州立大学、英属哥伦比亚大学及马萨诸塞大学图书馆的Tableau数据可视化应用进行实证分析,阐述国外图书馆评估数据可视化应用实践带来的深刻启示。

大数据时代资产评估行业现状及发展分析

指出了大数据时代的到来,对资产评估行业的评估方法及技术,精准度、效率等方面带来了巨大影响,分析了资产评估行业应用大数据技术的现状,探讨了资产评估行业未来可能的发展方向。

基于网络舆情大数据的公共政策评价研究

互联网的普及和大数据技术的发展,为更全面、更及时、更客观地搜集社情民意,准确、动态地评价公共政策的实际效果提供了可能。基于网络舆情大数据,以社会心理学的态度三要素理论为指导,检测某一政策对公众的吸引程度、公众对该政策的立场倾向以及政策推进中舆论曝光或投诉问题的情况,能够构建出更系统、更适用于公共政策评价的网络民意指标体系,有助于提升政府决策的科学性。

大数据在征信领域应用的国际经验及启示

近年来,采用大数据评估个人信用状况这一新手段逐渐进入公众视野,通过大数据评估个人信用如何开展、哪些信息能反映信用水平、评估中个人信息如何有效保护等问题广受公众关注。本文介绍了当前大数据在征信领域运用的基本情况,归纳总结了国外最新的做法和有益经验,对大数据在征信领域的应用提出了相应建议。

基于信用共同体的科技型中小企业融资模式与机制研究

论文以共享金融在中小企业融资领域应用为研究切入点,首先分析了信用共同体融资的内在机理,然后构建了基于产业链信用共同体的科技型中小企业共享融资模式,并探讨了科技型中小企业共享融资机制,最后给出了产业链信用共同体融资的对策与建议。论文主要创新点:一是将集团内部资金池理论拓展到产业链共享融资领域,丰富了共享金融理论;二是突破以“相互担保”为导向的信用共同体融资模式,拓展到以“资源共享”为导向的产业链信用共同体融资模式。

基于主客观评价的政务大数据风险评估方法

风险评估是政务大数据安全可靠运用的前提和基础。本文提出一种基于主客观评价的政务大数据风险评估方法。首先,构建出3层政务大数据风险评估指标体系,从平台安全、服务安全、数据安全和管理安全等4个方面度量政务大数据的整体风险;然后,利用主客观评价法确定出各指标的权重;最后,计算评估结果并确定出风险等级,为制定安全防护策略提供依据。本文通过实例分析,验证该方法具有可操作性,对政务大数据风险评估工作具有参考意义。

Big data assessment on the operating characteristics of on-line taxis and thoughts on relevant policies

A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-line taxi hailing management work. Taking Shenzhen as an example, multi- source data such as on-line taxi license plate data, plate identification data and taxi （including on-line taxis） operation data are combined with the results of the stated preference （SP） survey on taxi operating characteristics to assess the overall operation characteristics of on-line taxis. The results show that the current on-line taxis in Shenzhen can be divided into three categories, that is, full-time on-line taxis, non- active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis, accounting for 4%, 55%, and 41%, respectively, of the total quantity. In terms of the characteristics of space-time operations, full-time on-line taxis have similar operating characteristics as those of traditional taxis; the operation of non-active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis coincides with commuting requirements during morning and evening peak hours. However, part-time on-line taxis operate for a much longer time period at night. Due to the convenient hailing and favorable price, on-line taxis have a significant impact on trip modes of citizens; and the substitution eflbct of on-line taxis on traditional buses and cruising taxis is obvious. It is beneficial for helping the government departments to objectively understand the development law of the on-line taxi industry and providing decision reference for the formulation of relevant management policies during the critical development stage of on-line taxi industry.

物流企业的无形资产评估研究——以圆通为例

近年来我国物流企业在需求拉动,供给推动,转型升级以及政策扶持等多重因素的作用下,上市与购并活动日益频繁,逐步向智慧物流方向发展。如何评估物流企业无形资产价值成为了资产评估机构和资产评估师关注的重点。大数据作为一种决策力、洞察力和流程优化能力都全方位升级的信息资产,是物流企业转型升级的关键。在对大数据资产平台进行透彻分析之后,提出采用收益法评估大数据资产,并以圆通公司为例采用市场法对物流企业整体无形资产进行评估,验证了收益法与市场法相结合的方式在实务应用中的可操作性,以期对物流企业无形资产评估提供一些建议。

市场法在物流企业无形资产评估中的应用分析——以圆通为例

近年来我国物流企业在需求拉动、供给推动、转型升级以及政策扶持等多重因素的作用下,上市与购并活动日益频繁,逐步向智慧物流方向发展。如何评估物流企业无形资产价值成为了资产评估机构和资产评估师关注的重点。大数据作为一种决策力、洞察力和流程优化能力都全方位升级的信息资产,是物流企业转型升级的关键。在对大数据资产平台进行透彻分析之后,提出采用收益法评估大数据资产,并以圆通公司为例采用市场法对物流企业整体无形资产进行评估,验证了收益法与市场法相结合的方式在实务应用中的可操作性,以期对物流企业无形资产评估提供一些建议。

Minimum Data Set for Assessing Soil Quality in Farmland of Northeast China

Soil quality assessment provides a tool for agriculture managers and policy makers to gain a better understanding of how various agricultural systems affect soil resources. Soil quality of Hailun County, a typical soybean （Glycine max L. Merill） growing area located in Northeast China, was evaluated using soil quality index （SQI） methods. Each SQI was computed using a minimum data set （MDS） selected using principal components analysis （PCA） as a data reduction technique. Eight MDS indicators were selected from 20 physical and chemical soil measurements. The MDS accounted for 74.9% of the total variance in the total data set （TDS）. The SQI values for 88 soil samples were evaluated with linear scoring techniques and various weight methods. The results showed that SQI values correlated well with soybean yield （r = 0.658＊＊） when indicators in MDS were weighted by the regression coefficient computed for each yield and index. Stepwise regression between yield and principal components （PCs） indicated that available boron （AvB）, available phosphorus （AvP）, available potassium （AvK）, available iron （AvFe） and texture were the main factors limiting soybean yield. The method used to select an MDS could not only appropriately assess soil quality but also be used as a powerful tool for soil nutrient diagnosis at the regional level.

Analysis and assessment of bridge health monitoring mass data——progress in research/development of “Structural Health Monitoring”

The "Structural Health Monitoring" is a project supported by National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.50725828).To meet the urgent requirements of analysis and assessment of mass monitoring data of bridge environmental actions and structural responses,the monitoring of environmental actions and action effect modeling methods,dynamic performance monitoring and early warning methods,condition assessment and operation maintenance methods of key members are systematically studied in close combination with structural characteristics of long-span cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges.The paper reports the progress of the project as follows.(1) The environmental action modeling methods of long-span bridges are established based on monitoring data of temperature,sustained wind and typhoon.The action effect modeling methods are further developed in combination with the multi-scale baseline finite element modeling method for long-span bridges.(2) The identification methods of global dynamic characteristics and internal forces of cables and hangers for long-span cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges are proposed using the vibration monitoring data,on the basis of which the condition monitoring and early warning methods of bridges are developed using the environmental-condition-normalization technique.(3) The analysis methods for fatigue loading effect of welded details of steel box girder,temperature and traffic loading effect of expansion joint are presented based on long-term monitoring data of strain and beam-end displacement,on the basis of which the service performance assessment and remaining life prediction methods are developed.

Measuring and evaluating SDG indicators with Big Earth Data

The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an important framework for economic,social,and environmental action.A comprehensive indicator system to aid in the systematic implementation and monitoring of progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is unfortunately limited in many countries due to lack of data.The availability of a growing amount of multi-source data and rapid advancements in big data methods and infrastructure provide unique opportunities to mitigate these data shortages and develop innovative methodologies for comparatively monitoring SDGs.Big Earth Data,a special class of big data with spatial attributes,holds tremendous potential to facilitate science,technology,and innovation toward implementing SDGs around the world.Several programs and initiatives in China have invested in Big Earth Data infrastructure and capabilities,and have successfully carried out case studies to demonstrate their utility in sustainability science.This paper presents implementations of Big Earth Data in evaluating SDG indicators,including the development of new algorithms,indicator expansion(for SDG 11.4.1)and indicator extension(for SDG 11.3.1),introduction of a biodiversity risk index as a more effective analysis method for SDG 15.5.1,and several new high-quality data products,such as global net ecosystem productivity,high-resolution global mountain green cover index,and endangered species richness.These innovations are used to present a comprehensive analysis of SDGs 2,6,11,13,14,and 15 from 2010 to 2020 in China utilizing Big Earth Data,concluding that all six SDGs are on schedule to be achieved by 2030.