精批细改 评文育人

作文教学极为重要,作文批改更是重中之重,批是改的前提,改是批的落实,评为批改指明了方向,只有把批改评有机结合,才能切实提高学生的写作水平,达到＂改是为了不改＂的效果。

基于多任务学习的同行评审细粒度情感分析模型

学术论文同行评审能够直接反映审稿人对论文的主观评价,对审稿文本进行情感分析有利于挖掘审稿人对论文多维度的评价信息。现有的情感分析模型仅能挖掘专家单一的评审维度和相应的情感倾向,本文提出了一种基于多任务学习的同行评审细粒度情感分析模型。该模型在多任务学习框架下,通过在BERT-LCF模型的基础上增加BiLSTM-CRF模块,使其具备了同时完成属性词抽取和细粒度情感分析任务的能力。与传统的基于Pipeline模式的单任务细粒度情感分析模型相比,本模型在保证精度的情况下可以同时完成评审属性提取和情感分析任务。在这两项任务中,所提出模型的F1分数分别达到了89.01%和90.71%。对比实验证明,在多任务场景下,引入BiLSTM-CRF模块对评审文本属性词提取任务有一定的提升作用。

对SCI学术评价体系的再思考

SCI的本质是检索工具,在中国被误认为是评价学术期刊质量优劣的主要甚至是唯一指标,尤其是将其盲目地用于评价论文的学术价值,这不利学术评价,会导致学术乱象。要进行正确的学术评价,一是注重定量和定性评价的结合,二是不能用"评刊"代替"评文",三是完善科研考核评价机制,不同评价机构的期刊评价体系只作为参考。

关于《天演论》译文的修改

18 97年 ,严复对《天演论》的译文进行了全面大修改 ,修改情况可分 2 0种。本文分别举例加以说明。推测修改时同赫胥黎原著核对的工作做得比较少 ,而单单根据底本译文做文字加工比较多 ,故在取得许多成绩的同时 ,也产生了一些问题。

身份、媒介及场域:出版时代与张相《古今文综》的文章评选

张相《古今文综》突破传统文章派别意识,骈散并包,求备求是,是教员实际经验与出版人市场触觉的优势结合,其广泛流通成为新媒介条件下选集传播的代表范例。此书取材广博,分类明确,格式详备,评点精审,校订完善。在评述中以“新旧”观念谛视“古今”文章,反映了新文化场域之下文章评选摆脱印象批评、宗派之见的大势,表现出历史审视态度与客观分析精神,暗示了一种以学术视角观察传统文章的新趋向。

论学术论文发表后的开放式同行评价机制

对于传统学术论文评价方法来说,无论是“以刊评文”还是“以人评文”或者不断被创新和突破的其他评价机制,都在某种程度上偏离了学术评价的本质要求,催生了“发表为王”“数据崇拜”等不良学术现象。在大数据时代,对学术论文发表后进行开放式同行评价具有充分的必要性与可行性,不仅有利于学术评价的回归,还有利于避免学术不端,更有利于学术研究水平的提升。对发表后开放式同行评价机制的倡导,并非意在否定传统定量评价方法的价值,而是要尽量实现定量评价与定性评价的融合,从而为整个社会和学术共同体提供更加准确、更加科学的论文评价结果。

On the loss of cultural images in translation

In cultural translation the loss of cultural images often occurs. In most cases translators do so in order to make the target text understood more easily by the readers of the target language. But the result is worse quite often, because it usually affects correct transmission of the source text as a whole, what＇s even worse, it will affect the correct grasp of the artistic conception and figures of the source text. And in other cases it is impossible to make source cultural images reappear in the target text. This paper provides some sound examples and reviews of the above.

扩写作文示例

[命题概说]根据提供的文字材料(往往是一则短文,或者是一段文字,甚至只有两三句话),发挥想像,扩展成一篇较长的文章。扩写可以考查学生的想像能力和表达能力。扩写后的文章,要保持原文的体裁、主题,不能脱离原文,想像要合情合理。扩写无须改变结构,只是增加篇幅、充实内容而已。 [命题及要求]阅读下面提供的材料。根据材料,展开合理想像。

小学第三学段习作书面评语优化的三个诀窍

本文基于小学第三学段作文评语实施效果不佳的现实以及学生向师性强的特点,提出应重视“评文”与“评人”的均衡、重视激励性评语的使用方式、重视评价语中的师生距离与人称视角等教学建议,以培养学生的写作兴趣和写作自信,进而提升学生的作文水平。

A study on the feasibility of CET oral test based on automatic essay marking

This paper discusses the approach to the CET （college English test） oral test based on automatic essay marking （AEM）. The reliability and validity arouses a dispute on Internet-based CET （iB-CET） oral test in China, leading to the penetration into oral test contents in dialogue, description or comment, and question answering. Then, a probe into transformation from a spoken document into a textual document is touched on a conversion ratio of 72% adopted at the present time, AEM to be carried forward being a necessary hypothesis for Afterwards, this paper focuses on the pipeline in AEM with the content features and the language itself, which is established in two different models in marking for extraction and detection. Through experiments, this paper reveals the fact that an iB-CET oral test can be performed perfectly in the pipeline of spoken documents transformed into textual documents which can be automatically marked. Hence the design of the iB-CET oral test reaches its reliability and validity.

Research on Evaluation of Terrace Cultural Landscape Heritage Value from the Perspective of AVC——Take Three Famous Terraces in Southern China for Example

The objective evaluation to the terrace cultural landscape heritage value can provide targeted scientific basis for continuation of terrace culture landscape and establishment of protection measures. On the basis of field investigation, expert consultation and literature review, combined with the AVC （Attraction、Vitality and Ca-pacity）theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evalu-ation, the terrace cultural landscape heritage protection evaluation system and eval-uation model, which selects 22 indicators from three levels including terrace culture landscape resources attraction, resources vitality and resources bearing capacity were structured. Based on col ection of data, material from field survey of China＆#39;s most representative Yunnan Yuanyang Hani terrace, Hunan Ziquejie terrace and Longsheng Longji terrace and relevant mathematical calculation to determine evalua-tion index weights, organical y combined of qualitative with quantitative analysis, the diversity, reasonableness and accuracy of evaluation system is improved. Compre-hensive result of mathematical statistics showed that the rank of the cultural land-scape heritage value with the three most representative terraces in southern China is： γ（Hani）〉γ（Longji）〉γ（Ziquejie）.

Research on the Relationship between British and American Cultural Differences and American Literature Comment

The influence of cultural differences by race and treat people with an understanding of the work will be carried out from different angles, which leads to the same people for a work of literary criticism. Expand article on the impact of cultural differences between British and American English and American literary criticism on this topic research, by the characteristics of English and American Literature and American Literature and commentary of the corresponding description. It is to analyze the impact of cultural differences on the Anglo-American literary criticism, so that people understand the culture differences in the importance of the influence of the Anglo-American literary criticism.

Inverted Meckel's diverticulum as a cause of occult lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Meckel's diverticulum is a common asymptomatic congenital gastrointestinal anomaly,but rarely it can present with hemorrhage.Over the last few years inverted Meckel's diverticulum has been reported in the literature with increasing frequency as an occult source of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Here,we report a case of a 54-year-old male,who was referred for surgical evaluation with persistent anemia and occult blood per rectum after a work up which failed to localize the source over 12 mo,including upper and capsule endoscopy,colonoscopy,enteroclysis,Meckel scan,and tagged nuclear red blood cell scan.An abdominal computed tomography scan showed a possible mid-ileal intussusception and intraluminal mass.During the abdominal exploration,inverted Meckel's diverticulum was diagnosed and resected.We review the literature,discuss the forms in which the disease presents,the diagnostic modalities utilized,pathological findings,and treatment.Although less than 40 cases have been reported in the English literature from 1978 to 2005,19 cases have been reported in the last 6 years alone(2006-2012) due to improved diagnostic modalities.Successful diagnosis and treatment of this disease requires a high index of clinical suspicion,which is becoming increasingly relevant to general gastroenterologists.

Prediction of Debris-flow Danger Area by Combining Hydrological and Inundation Simulation Methods

Debris flows have caused serious human casualties and economic losses in the regions strongly affected by the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of 2oo8. Debris flow mitigation and risk assessment is a key issue for reconstruction. The existing methods of inundation simulation are based on historical disasters and have no power of prediction. The rain- flood method can not yield detailed flow hydrograph and does not meet the need of inundation simulation. In this paper, the process of water flow was studied by using the Arc-SCS model combined with hydraulic method, and then the debris flow runoff process was calculated using the empirical formula combining the result from Arc-SCS. The peak discharge and runoff duration served as input of inundation simulation. Then, the dangerous area is predicted using kinematic wave method and Manning equation. Taking the debris flow in Huashiban gully in Beichuan County, Sichuan Province, China on 24 Sep. 2oo8 as example, the peak discharge of water flow and debris flow were calculated as 35.52 m3·s-1 and 215.66 m3·s-, with error of 4.15% compared to the measured values. The simulated area of debris-flow deposition was 161,500 m2, vs. the measured area of 144,097 m2, in error of 81.75%. The simulated maximum depth was 12.3 m, consistent with the real maximum depth between lO and 15 m according to the field survey. The minor error is mainly due to the flow impact on buildings and variations in cross-section configuration. The present methodology can be applied to predict debrisflow magnitude and evaluate its risk in other watersheds inthe earthquake area.

Accurate performance estimators for information retrieval based on span bound of support vector machines

Support vector machines have met with significant success in the information retrieval field, especially in handling text classification tasks. Although various performance estimators for SVMs have been proposed, these only focus on accuracy which is based on the leave-one-out cross validation procedure. Information-retrieval-related performance measures are always neglected in a kernel learning methodology. In this paper, we have proposed a set of information-retrieval-oriented performance estimators for SVMs, which are based on the span bound of the leave-one-out procedure. Experiments have proven that our proposed estimators are both effective and stable.

Hepatitis C virus in Pakistan:A systematic review of prevalence,genotypes and risk factors

In Pakistan more than 10 million people are living with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), with high morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the prevalence, genotypes and factors associated with HCV infection in the Pakistani population. A literature search was performed by using the keywords; HCV prevalence, genotypes and risk factors in a Pakistani population, in Pubmed, PakMediNet and Google scholar. Ninetyone different studies dating from 1994 to May 2009 were included in this study, and weighted mean and standard error of each population group was calculated. Percentage prevalence of HCV was 4.95% ± 0.53% in the general adult population, 1.72% ± 0.24% in the pediatric population and 3.64% ± 0.31% in a young population applying for recruitment, whereas a very high 57% ± 17.7% prevalence was observed in injecting drug users and 48.67% ± 1.75% in a multi-transfused population. Most prevalent genotype of HCV was 3a. HCV prevalence was moderate in the general population but very high in injecting drug users and multi-transfused populations. This data suggests that the major contributing factors towards increased HCV prevalence include unchecked blood transfusions and reuse of injection syringes. Awareness programs are required to decrease the future burden of HCV in the Pakistani population.

The Processualities of Literature

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the processual aspect of literary works of art deserves much more attention than it normally receives by readers, critics, and theorists. The most important reason for this is seen in the fact that texts since the advent of print culture have been disseminated and passed on in written form and that in the medium of writing the processual character of language is only insufficiently taken care of by a cultural convention of arranging and approaching the presented signs in an particular sequence. Whereas in an oral culture the dynamic processuality of a speech or recitation was directly experienced by the listeners, the spatial arrangement of signs in writing enables and even entices readers and critics to read this or that part of a written text in a sequence of their own making. What remains out of focus is that in doing so they miss the particular semantic profile and aesthetic character of the work as created by the author--a procedure particularly hurtful in the case of literary works of art. There is hope, however, that this will somewhat change by our moving towards a performance culture

Evaluation analysis of space elements of the mosque's inner courtyard in Nanjing City from the Arab users' view

In order to promote the development of the relationship between China and the Islamic world and meet the cultural needs of Muslims when using mosques in China, this study focuses on the design of mosques in a multi-cultural context. Mosques are an integral part of the China and the Muslims’ society due to their unique style and features. The courtyard is a common element in the design of mosques, and its components vary depending on regional traditions of the time and place where it was built. With the growth of interest in the term of human needs and participation between designer and users in evaluating the design quality, this study summarizes the modern and traditional Chinese mosque courtyard design for Arabian Muslim users in order to evaluate whether their physical and spiritual needs are being appropriately met or not. A questionnaire was distributed to Arab Muslims living in the city of Nanjing to discuss the quality evaluation of traditional and modern mosques’ courtyard design. Through the analysis of seven natural and physical key issue elements in the design of the courtyard, the functional characteristics and configurations are analyzed. The results can be used to improve the design of the new mosque in future by using the vocabulary that accomplishes the architectural fusion of both Chinese and Islamic culture, as well as aesthetic and functional aspects.

Literature review of material evaluation

A literature-based review concerning why and how to evaluate language-teaching materials is presented with the purpose to facilitate English Language Teachers＇ awareness of material evaluation and assist their conduction.

Contribution of ecotourism to poverty alleviation in Nyanga,Zimbabwe

This paper assesses the contribution of ecotourism to local communities and the environment.Livelihoods of local communities are examined to understand the socioeconomic situation of people living in proximity to ecotourism areas and their participation in ecotourism activities. The impact of ecotourism on the environment in Nyanga is also examined. The paper employs both literature review(secondary data) and a field survey(primary data) to achieve these objectives. To gather socioeconomic data of households and tourist traits, questionnaires were administered to120 households and 30 tourists in the study area. Key informant interviews were held in the survey to gather expert knowledge about ecotourism trends and environmental data in the area.Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive and inferential analyses were used for quantitative data while content and structural-functional analyses were used for qualitative data. The research revealed that ecotourism offers the highest salaries when compared to other sources of formal employment. Ecotourism activities were shown to positively impact the environment through the protection, preservation, and management of natural resources. The study concludes that ecotourism is a useful and sustainable poverty alleviation strategy which has not yet been fully exploited in Zimbabwe.