大学生电气信息实践创新基地建设模式探索

围绕电气信息类专业人才所应具备的实践创新能力要求,依托实践创新中心平台,针对中心存在的问题进行了研究,形成了"评建管协同共进"的创新基地建设新模式。通过经常性的自评和阶段性的他评,及时调整中心发展建设的重点;通过环境条件"智慧化,人性化"、规章制度"精细化,规范化"、实践体系"专业化,趣味化"、教师队伍"引进来,陷进去"和学生队伍"招进来,推出去"的五维建设举措,全面推进中心各项工作的开展;通过对中心人员管理"自主式,个性化"、财务管理"合作式,多元化"和物品管理"开放式,信息化"的三元管理新机制,使物尽所用,人尽所能;同时,根据社会发展对人才的新需求及时调整和改进,使评建管三者"共生共长、互促互保、与时俱进、螺旋上升",保证中心可持续发展。

Research Progress of Evaluation Index of Soil Moisture

In modern agriculture, accurate and effective measurements of soil water content lays foundation for promotion on precision irrigation technology and improvement on water use efficiency. The research reviewed soil moisture indices at home and abroad and classified the indices into two categories in order to make prediction on soil moisture and take measures. Specifically, single indices included precipitation index, soil moisture index, and crop drought index and overall indices included supply/demand water index of crops, overall water index, PDSI, crop water shortage index. Soil moisture index was analyzed in terms of advantages and disadvantages,as well as adaptability in agriculture, providing references for relieving and predicting adverse effects on agriculture and formulating scientific policies.

Evaluation and simulation analysis of China's copper security evolution trajectory

Copper metal is one important raw material of national economy, and its security is tightly linked with industrialization process. A comprehensive security evaluation index system, including three first class indicators, nine second class indicators and fourteen third class indicators, was constructed based on the pressure-state-response （PSR） model. And efficacy coeff^cient method was adopted in dimensionless treatment and entropy method was used to obtain the weight. Then, the data of China＇s copper from 1992 to 2011 were studied and collected. By processing these data, a comprehensive safety index of China＇s copper was got. The results showed that the comprehensive safety index of China＇s copper rose from its low point. The safety pressure state of China＇s copper was improved. The safety state of China＇s copper continued to be tight. The response state continued to rise. The overall situation of China＇s copper safety was improving, but still not optimistic.

将石油和化工行业信息化提升到一个新水平——庆祝石油和化工信息事业创建45周年

1958年12月8日,原化学工业部颁发了<化学工业技术情报工作方案>,拉开了我国石油和化学工业信息事业的序幕.

Lake Eutrophic Evaluation Based on Bee Immune Evolutionary Algorithm

In order to establish the lake eutrophic evaluation model for multiple indices,based on the gauge transformation,an index formula in the form of a logarithmic power function was proposed to design an eutrophic evaluation model for the ＂ normalized values＂ of multi-indexes.The parameters in the formula were also optimized by bee immune evolutionary algorithm（BEIEA）.The universal index formula was suitable to multiindices items for eutrophic evaluation.At the same time,the formula was applied to practical eutrophic evaluations in 10 regions of Dong Lake.The evaluation results were coincident with those obtained from the power function of weighted sums and also with actual conditions.It was shown that the bee immune evolutionary algorithm was suitable to the parameter optimization in the eutrophic evaluation model.

Comprehensive Assessment of Seawater Quality Based on an Improved Attribute Recognition Model

The attribute recognition model (ARM) has been widely used to make comprehensive assessment in many engineering fields, such as environment, ecology, and economy. However, large numbers of experiments indicate that the value of weight vector has no relativity to its initial value but depends on the data of Quality Standard and actual samples. In the present study, the ARM is enhanced with the technique of data driving, which means some more groups of data from the Quality Standard are selected with the uniform random method to make the calculation of weight values more rational and more scientific. This improved attribute recognition model (IARM) is applied to a real case of assessment on seawater quality. The given example shows that the IARM has the merits of being simple in principle, easy to operate, and capable of producing objective results, and is therefore of use in evaluation problems in marine environment science.

An Air Route Planning Model of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Under Constraints of Ground Safety

With the rapid growth of the number and flight time of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),safety accidents caused by UAVs flight risk is increasing gradually.Safe air route planning is an effective means to reduce the operational risk of UAVs at the strategic level.The optimal air route planning model based on ground risk assessment is presented by considering the safety cost of UAV air route.Through the rasterization of the ground surface under the air route,the safety factor of each grid is defined with the probability of fatality on the ground per flight hour as the quantitative index.The air route safety cost function is constructed based on the safety factor of each grid.Then,the total cost function considering both air route safety and flight distance is established.The expected function of the ant colony algorithm is rebuilt and used as the algorithm to plan the air routes.The effectiveness of the new air route planning model is verified through the logistical distribution scenario on urban airspace.The results indicate that the new air route planning model considering safety factor can greatly improve the overall safety of air route under small increase of the total flight time.

规范性进阶评鉴在血透中心新上岗护士能力培训管理中的运用

目的:探讨规范性进阶评鉴在血透中心新上岗护士能力培训管理中的应用价值,为血透中心科学培训护理人才提供参考。方法:选取2017年1月~2019年10月血透中心40名新上岗护士进行研究,随机分成对照组与观察组,对照组20名采用常规护理培训方式进行管理;观察组则采用规范性进阶评鉴进行培训管理。评价两组护士核心能力自评状况,两组分别选取100例患者进行满意度调查,同时记录两组发生技术性并发症和导管感染情况。结果:观察组护士核心能力自评评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血管通路和体外循环凝血及水电解质平衡障碍技术性并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组导管感染率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组护士获得总体护理服务的满意度评价显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:血透中心新上岗护士能力培训管理中实施规范性进阶评鉴不仅可提高护士核心能力,还可保障护理质量,避免不良事件的发生,提高患者满意度,为血透中心培养高质量护理人才奠定扎实基础。

Evaluation on Snow Infiltration into Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Intake： A Numerical Study

A HVAC （heating ventilating and air conditioning） system is generally designed to ventilate an indoor space. In windy and snowy climates dispersed snow particles in ambient air can enter the intake duct, potentially causing a serious problem. The study addresses the influence of suction volumetric flow rates, the potential discrepancy of snow intake based upon the wind direction in relation to the intake vent, and the possible difference in amounts of infiltrated snow particles in varying intake vent design and locations. The necessary characteristic quantities are defined. The simulation results show the rate of infiltration and the efficiency of the chosen intake designs. The magnitude and direction of wind influences snow infiltration significantly. The daily amount of infiltrated snow is introduced to be the characteristic measure of the infiltration in design of the HVAC systems.

The Séchilienne (France) Landslide:a Non-typical Progressive Failure Implying Major Risks

The National Road RN 91 has been threatened for about twenty-five years by a huge landslide, located 25 km south-east to the town of Grenoble (France). If several million cubic meters of rock fall down, the debris will dam the valley. Then the failure of the dam by overtopping and rapid erosion might result in a catastrophic flood and dramatic consequences for human life, environment and economy throughout the valley. The paper presents the hazard assessment based on geological and hydrological surveys, including small scale hydraulic tests, as well as the risk evaluation that has been performed. The risk management relies first upon a high level monitoring and an emergency plan; various mitigation strategies have been considered.

New Discovery of Coral Rubbings in the North-Western Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat, Western India-GIS Based Evaluation

The Gulf of Kachchh in western India, with its arid climate, large semi-diurnal tidal amplitudes, negative water balance and near-pristine water quality, is being extensively developed as oil importing bases for economic reasons in connection with its proximity to the oil exporting countries of the Middle East. Besides, new coral rubbings were sighted in Jakhau, north-western Gulf of Kachchh. Dredging in Mandvi of the north Gulf covering 3.5 km2 revealed a similar assortment of live corals with their associated flora and fauna. These pioneering observations demonstrate that there exist live corals of young polyps-colony of Favia sp. belonging to the family Faviidae in the north-western Gulf of Kachchh. The environmental parameters there were carefully recorded as: surface water temperature (℃) varying from 29 to 31.8, salinity (ppt), pH, dissolved oxygen (mgL-1) and total suspended solids (mgL-1) in the ranges of 37- 43.5, 7.7- 8.45, 5.4 - 6.8 and 11- 31, respectively.

Research on Government Performance Evaluation Based on Management by Objective

Based on the objective management theory, this paper analyzes the existing problems in the process of government performance evaluation, explores the necessity of objective management in performance evaluation, and establishes a government performance evaluation system based on objective management.

Improvement Methods for Genetic Evaluation of Hanwoo Cows

A total of 1,101 heads were used to improve the selection of superior cows in Gangwon regional Hanwoo. Characteristics of each cow were analyzed using ultrasound evaluation and trace of reproductive potential. A comparison of live carcass traits classified by parity was analyzed in all characteristics. The results of the comparison showed all characteristic increased rapidly after the 2nd parity, and decreased after the 4th parity （P 〈 0.01）. The result of comparison classified by the group showed a tendency, whereas Back Fat Thickness Ultrasound （BFTU） and P8 Fat Thickness Ultrasound （P8-FTU） were significant （P 〈 0.01） thinnest in Pedigree group and using a lot of reproduction in advanced group. Also, we made comparisons of the cow＇s calves on the carcass traits among the group. High quality calves of the pedigree group showed 30.77%. These are the highest carcass traits in meat quality grade above 1＋ and yield grade above A. Frequency of fertilization failure per rump fat thickness showed a significantly （P 〈 0.0｜） higher difference. The average frequency of fertilization failure demonstrated 1.11 times of experimental Hanwoo cows. In the analysis, frequency of fertilization failure appeared 0.9 times at rump fat thickness below 5 mm. However, it is higher than average above 5 mm. The result of the study will be used to improve cows, select optimum semen, as well as contribute to the improvement of farms income.

Debt Rating Initiations： Natural Evolution or Opportunistic Behavior？

The authors examine a firm＇s decision to begin issuing debt in public bond markets and find that it is a function of both life cycle influences and opportunistic timing. Defining life cycle factors to encompass both a firm＇s age in years and its underlying characteristics, the authors confirm that bond market participation is generally restricted to large, mature firms. Summary statistics show that finns obtain their initial bond ratings on average 9.5 years after their equity initial public offering （IPO） and 11.8 years after initiating dividend payments. Growth rates, capital expenditures, and cash flow volatility all decline as the firm accesses public debt markets, consistent with entry into the mature phase of its life cycle. With respect to opportunistic timing, it is asked whether entry into public bond markets follows strong performance （or precedes weak performance） at both the firm and market levels. At the firm level, the authors find that the debt IPO occurs following periods of strong operating performance and high excess stock returns. At the market level, entry coincides with favorable interest rates and default spreads. The benefits of careful timing result in firms receiving initial bond ratings that are stronger than what would be predicted; however, there is no evidence of abnormal numbers of downgrades for these firms in subsequent years.

An Assessment of Snow Cover Duration Variability Among Three Basins of Songhua River in Northeast China Using Binary Decision Tree

The dynamics of snow cover differs greatly from basin to basin in the Songhua River of Northeast China, which is attributable to the differences in the topographic shift as well as changes in the vegetation and climate since the hydrological year(HY) 2003. Daily and flexible multi-day combinations from the HY 2003 to 2014 were produced using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) from Terra and Aqua remote sensing satellites for the snow cover products in the three basins including the Nenjiang River Basin(NJ), Downstream Songhua River Basin(SD) and Upstream Songhua River Basin(SU). Snow cover duration(SCD) was derived from flexible multiday combination each year. The results showed that SCD was significantly associated with elevation, and higher SCD values were found out in the mountainous areas. Further, the average SCDs of NJ, SU and SD basins were 69.43, 98.14 and 88.84 d with an annual growth of 1.36, 2.04 and 2.71 d, respectively. Binary decision tree was used to analyze the nonlinear relationships between SCD and six impact factors, which were successfully applied to simulate the spatial distribution of depth and water equivalent of snow. The impact factors included three topographic factors(elevation, aspect and slope), two climatic factors(precipitation and air temperature) and one vegetation index(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI). By treating yearly SCD values as dependent variables and six climatic factors as independent variables, six binary decision trees were built through the combination classification and regression tree(CART) with and without the consideration of climate effect. The results from the model show that elevation, precipitation and air temperature are the three most influential factors, among which air temperature is the most important and ranks first in two of the three studied basins. It is suggested that SCD in the mountainous areas might be more sensitive to climate warming, since precipitation and air temperature are the major factors controlling the persistence of snow cover in the mountainous areas.

Layout Design-Based Research on Optimization and Assessment Method for Shipbuilding Workshop

The research study proposes to examine a three-dimensional visualization program, emphasizing on improving genetic algorithms through the optimization of a layout design-based standard and discrete shipbuilding workshop. By utilizing a steel processing workshop as an example, the principle of minimum logistic costs will be implemented to obtain an ideological equipment layout, and a mathematical model. The objectiveness is to minimize the total necessary distance traveled between machines. An improved control operator is implemented to improve the iterative efficiency of the genetic algorithm, and yield relevant parameters. The Computer Aided Tri-Dimensional Interface Application （CATIA） software is applied to establish the manufacturing resource base and parametric model of the steel processing workshop. Based on the results of optimized planar logistics, a visual parametric model of the steel processing workshop is constructed, and qualitative and quantitative adjustments then are applied to the model. The method for evaluating the results of the layout is subsequently established through the utilization of AHP. In order to provide a mode of reference to the optimization and layout of the digitalized production workshop, the optimized discrete production workshop will possess a certain level of practical significance.

Decoding of uplink control information encoded with placeholders in long term evolution

In 3GPP (the 3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems,the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) conveys uplink control information (UCI) back to eNodeB with or without UL-SCH (uplink shared channel) data.Placeholders are inserted into the UCI to scramble in a way that maximizes the Euclidean distance of modulation symbols.Considering the attribution of encoding with placeholders,a simple and efficient decoding scheme is proposed in this paper.As shown in our simulation results,improved performance is achieved.

Comparison of Procedures to Evaluate the Cyclic Stress-Strain Curve from Incremental Step Test

The design of structural components in low-cycle fatigue field often requires the knowledge of the cyclic properties of the material, which are commonly described by the classical relation of Ramberg-Osgood. In order to obtain the cyclic curve using experimental data from incremental step tests, four methodologies are described and critically discussed. Three methods differ in the procedure of evaluation of the elastic modulus, while in the last one the experimental data are interpolated with a single non-linear regression. The various techniques were applied to data obtained from tests carried out on stainless steel specimens, and the resulting differences were analysed and quantified. An average behaviour was evaluated considering the total set of data obtained from experimental tests. The choice of the most suitable method is related to both the strain range of interest and the goal for which the results are used.

Risk assessments of debris flow based on improved analytic hierarchy process and efficacy coefficient method

In order to evaluate the danger of debris flow properly, eight factors were selected as the risk assess- ment indexes of the debris flow, namely the vertical slope, valley relative difference, hillside slope, area of ba- sin, loose solid material reserves, the path length of sediment supply probability, silting and scouring derrieking and vegetation coverage. The improved Analytic Hierarchy Process （ AHP ） method was used to obtain the weights of the factors; and the efficacy coefficient method was adopted to evaluate the risks of six typical debris flow gullies. According to the research, the improved AHP method not only avoids the subjectivity in the indi- vidual factor valuation by comparing two factors of each layer, but also makes the subsequent consistency check unnecessary.

Progression from low-grade dysplasia to malignancy in patients with Barrett's esophagus diagnosed by two or more pathologists

AIM To evaluate annual incidence of low grade dysplasia(LGD) progression to high grade dysplasia(HGD) and/or esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC) when diagnosis was made by two or more expert pathologists.METHODS Studies evaluating the progression of LGD to HGD or EAC were included. The diagnosis of LGD must be made by consensus of two or more expert gastrointestinal pathologists. Articles were searched in Medline, Pubmed, and Embase. Pooled proportions were calculated using fixed and random effects model. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. RESULTS Initial search identified 721 reference articles, of which 53 were selected and reviewed. Twelve studies(n = 971) that met the inclusion criteria were included in this analysis. Among the total original LGD diagnoses in the included studies, only 37.49% reached the consensus LGD diagnosis after review by two or more expert pathologists. Total follow up period was 1532 patient-years. In the pooled consensus LGD patients, the annual incidence rate(AIR) of progression to HGD and or EAC was 10.35%(95%CI: 7.56-13.13) and progression to EAC was 5.18%(95%CI: 3.43-6.92). Among the patients down staged from original LGD diagnosis to No-dysplasia Barrett's esophagus, the AIR of progression to HGD and EAC was 0.65%(95%CI: 0.49-0.80). Among the patients down staged to Indefinite for dysplasia, the AIR of progression to HGD and EAC was 1.42%(95%CI: 1.19-1.65). In patients with consensus HGD diagnosis, the AIR of progression to EAC was 28.63%(95%CI: 13.98-43.27). CONCLUSION When LGD is diagnosed by consensus agreement of two or more expert pathologists, its progression towards malignancy seems to be at least three times the current estimates, however it could be up to 20 times the current estimates. Biopsies of all Barrett's esophagus patients with LGD should be reviewed by two expert gastroenterology pathologists. Follow-up strict surveillance programs should be in place for these patients.