我国传统学问的术语形式——《传统语言学辞典》所标示术语探析

《传统语言学辞典》对传统学问术语的处理涉及训诂学、文字学、音韵学和语法学,为我们提供了一个全方位认识和处理传统学问不同学科术语的样本。本文对照现代术语标准,从术语形式构造及其学科分布的角度,分析、探讨了该辞典所标示术语的构成特点及其学科相关性,指出古代学科术语存在形态与现代术语规范要求之间存在差异的关键所在。

Cultural Introduction in English Vocabulary Teaching in China

Every language possesses three cardinal elements： phonetic element, lexical element, and grammatical structure, of which lexis is the fundamental pillar that supports the huge system of a language. The close relationship between language and culture is most readily seen in words. In fact, being the most active and elastic element of a language, vocabulary has the greatest culture-loading capacity. Vocabulary teaching is an integral part of foreign language teaching. Its efficiency has a direct relation with the development of the learners＇ communicative competence. Vocabulary is culture-bound, so it is self-evident that culture introduction is indispensable in teaching. The author attempts to make a comparison between English and Chinese cultures, to make clear how cultural disparities exist in English and Chinese vocabulary, and to put forward some constructive suggestions on how to integrate culture into vocabulary teaching in Chinese schools, so as to promote the efficiency of vocabulary teaching and improve learners＇ competence in intercultural communication.

Layers of the Determiner Phrase in Mandarin Chinese

There are three probabilities to claim that Mandarin Chinese has multiple Determiner Phrase （DP） structures： （1） Simpson （2001） takes “de” in nominal phrase as the head of the structure： “Zhangsan de shu” is a DP and “de” is the head D. In this theory, when “de” and demonstratives like “this/that” appear in the same structure, there is going to be a multiple DP structure. （2） Huang, Li ＆ Li （2008） take both pronouns and demonstratives as the heads of the appositive structures like “tamen zhe sange haizi”. In this opinion, Mandarin Chinese has Split-D structures like Italian, Hungarian and Greek. （3） It seems that a Mandarin DP could have double heads D when two determiners both appear in the same structure. In “renhe zhe lei wenti”, the determiners “renhe” and “zhe” both appear. The structure is going to be analyzed as a multiple DP or a Split-D structure. However, the paper proves that Mandarin Chinese has no multiple DP structures, not like Italian, Hungarian or Greek.

Soul, Spirit, Breath, and Life in the Book of Job

The terms ＂soul,＂ ＂spirit,＂ ＂breath,＂ and ＂life＂ occur several times each in the Book of Job. A proper understanding of these terms in Scripture, especially ＂soul＂ and ＂spirit＂ is integral to understanding the state of the dead, among others. These terms are used in diverse contexts with interchangeable nuances in the Book of Job. A living （＂life＂） person （＂soul＂） consists of the body/flesh plus the life principle （＂spirit＂） of which ＂breath＂ is a concrete expression. In poetic contexts, the terminologies denote the physical （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, appetitive （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, psychical （＂spirit＂/＂breath＂）, and emotional （＂soul＂/＂spirit＂） characteristics of the human being. While ＂soul＂ and ＂life＂ tend towards physieality and therefore can be used synonymously for the whole person, ＂spirit＂ and ＂breath＂ tend towards non-physicality and express such phenomena as intellection and wind. A study of these terminologies in other poetic texts in the Hebrew Bible may evince similar semantic configurations as found in the Book of Job.

An ERP Study on the Processing of Chinese Applied-Object Structures

Verb-argument relation is a very important aspect of syntax-semantics interaction in sentence processing. Previous ERP （event related potentials） studies in this field concentrated on the relation between the verb and its core arguments. The present study aims to reveal the ERP pattern of Chinese applied object structures （AOSs）, in which a peripheral argument is promoted to occupy the position of the patient object, as compared with the patient object structures （POSs）. The ERP data were collected when participants were asked to perform acceptability judgments about Chinese phrases. The result shows that, similar to the previous studies of number-of-argument violations, Chinese AOSs show a bilaterally distributed N400 effect. But different from all the previous studies of verb-argument relations, Chinese AOSs demonstrate a sustained anterior positivity （SAP）. This SAP, which is very rare in the studies related to complexity of argument structure operation, reflects the integration difficulty of the newly promoted arguments and the progressive nature of well-formedness checking in the processing of Chinese AOSs which is in accordance with the metonymic mechanism of non- patient objects in the relevant cognitive study. It shows that, in Chinese, which is a paratactic language, semantics （thematic roles） plays a more important role in the syntax-semantics interface than that in hypotactic languages.

A STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF L2 MENTAL LEXICON THROUGH WORD ASSOCIATION TESTS

Based on the Self-organizing Model of Bilingual Processing (SOMBIP) proposed by Li & Farkas (2002), this paper has aimed at exploring whether L2 mental lexicon undergoes a reorganizational process through word association tests on learners of different language proficiency. The results show that response types vary greatly among the three groups. Of all the responses elicited among beginners, responses of non-relationship type and phonological type take up the leading part. As to the responses made by inter...

THE ROLE OF AWARENESS IN CHINESE STUDENTS' LEARNING OF ENGLISH PREPOSITIONAL STRUCTURE

This paper is a quantitative analysis of the role of awareness in English prepositional structure learning in relation to Schmidt's noticing hypothesis about processing the target language form. The purpose is to identify the long-perplexing problem that Chinese students are reluctant to produce English prepositional structure in their writing. The research is a controlled experiment in a translation-based setting which provides empirical support for the claim that the level of awareness plays a crucial role in the learners' intake and written production the target form. The implication is that a more explicit pedagogical approach may be necessary.