The effect of different metal contamination levels of catalysts for Deep Catalytic Cracking(DCC) on the distribution and selectivity of DCC products was investigated in a FCC pilot unit. The pilot test results showed ...The effect of different metal contamination levels of catalysts for Deep Catalytic Cracking(DCC) on the distribution and selectivity of DCC products was investigated in a FCC pilot unit. The pilot test results showed that the effects of the metal contamination level of catalyst on the propylene yield,the coke yield,the LPG yield,the gasoline yield,the selectivity of low carbon olefins,and coke selectivity was significant,and that the influence of metal contamination level on the conversion and dry gas yield was minor.展开更多
AIM To develop a fast, low-cost diagnostic strategy to identify single point mutations in highly variable genomes such as hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS In patients with HCV infection, resistance-associated amino acid...AIM To develop a fast, low-cost diagnostic strategy to identify single point mutations in highly variable genomes such as hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS In patients with HCV infection, resistance-associated amino acid substitutions within the viral quasispecies prior to therapy can confer decreased susceptibility to direct-acting antiviral agents and lead to treatment failure and virological relapse. One such naturally occurring mutation is the Q80 K substitution in the HCV-NS3 protease gene, which confers resistance to PI inhibitors, particularly simeprevir. Low-cost, highly sensitive techniques enabling routine detection of these single point mutations would be useful to identify patients at a risk of treatment failure. Light Cycler methods, based on real-time PCR with sequencespecific probe hybridization, have been implemented in most diagnostic laboratories. However, this technique cannot identify single point mutations in highly variable genetic environments, such as the HCV genome. To circumvent this problem, we developed a new method to homogenize all nucleotides present in a region except the point mutation of interest. RESULTS Using nucleotide-specific probes Q, K, and R substitutions at position 80 were clearly identified at a sensitivity of 10%(mutations present at a frequency of at least 10% were detected). The technique was successfully applied to identify the Q80 K substitution in 240 HCV G1 serum samples, with performance comparable to that of direct Sanger sequencing, the current standard procedure for this purpose. The new method was then validated in a Catalonian population of 202 HCV G1-infected individuals. Q80 K was detected in 14.6% of G1 a patients and 0% of G1 b in our setting. CONCLUSION A fast, low-cost diagnostic strategy based on real-time PCR and fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe melting curve analysis has been successfully developed to identify single point mutations in highly variable genomes such as hepatitis C virus. This technique can be adapted to detect any single point mutation in highly variable genomes.展开更多
The habanero chili （Capsicum chinense Jacq.） is a species of great demand in the domestic and international markets. One problem in the cultivation is low percentage of seed germination. There is little information ...The habanero chili （Capsicum chinense Jacq.） is a species of great demand in the domestic and international markets. One problem in the cultivation is low percentage of seed germination. There is little information on the use of promoters and imbibition time to increase this parameter, without compromising the quality of seedlings. In this context, authors assessed the independent effect of GAs （gibberellic acid） and KNOs at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg·L1. Seeds without preconditioning were the witness. The experimental unit was a Petri dish with 50 seeds on filter paper placed equidistant. There were three replicates per treatment and the experimental design was randomized complete block. Imbibition time was 24 h. The experimental units were kept in an incubator at 22 ± 2 ℃. From the time of planting and for periods of 24 h for 14 d, experimental units were reviewed to determine the time at the beginning of germination and the total cumulative percentage. The authors also determined the number of normal and abnormal seedlings, the length of hypocotyl and radicle, weight of fresh and dry matter of seedlings. On the fifth day after sowing in vitro, concentrations of 500 mg·L^-1 of GAs, 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 KNO3, increased 208% the percentage of seed germination of habanero chile. On day 14 after sowing in vitro concentrations of 500 mg·L^-1 GA3, 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 KNO3, increased 23% normal seedlings and 40% dry matter thereof, with respect to seeds obtained without preconditioning. Unconditioned seeds before sowing produced 125% more seedlings.展开更多
文摘The effect of different metal contamination levels of catalysts for Deep Catalytic Cracking(DCC) on the distribution and selectivity of DCC products was investigated in a FCC pilot unit. The pilot test results showed that the effects of the metal contamination level of catalyst on the propylene yield,the coke yield,the LPG yield,the gasoline yield,the selectivity of low carbon olefins,and coke selectivity was significant,and that the influence of metal contamination level on the conversion and dry gas yield was minor.
基金Supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III,No.PI13/00456,No.PI15/00829,No.PI15/00856,and No.PI12/01893 cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)the Miguel Servet program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III,No.CP14/00121 cofinanced by the ERDF+1 种基金Gilead,No.GLD14/00296Instituto de Salud Carlos III,CIBERehd(Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas)
文摘AIM To develop a fast, low-cost diagnostic strategy to identify single point mutations in highly variable genomes such as hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS In patients with HCV infection, resistance-associated amino acid substitutions within the viral quasispecies prior to therapy can confer decreased susceptibility to direct-acting antiviral agents and lead to treatment failure and virological relapse. One such naturally occurring mutation is the Q80 K substitution in the HCV-NS3 protease gene, which confers resistance to PI inhibitors, particularly simeprevir. Low-cost, highly sensitive techniques enabling routine detection of these single point mutations would be useful to identify patients at a risk of treatment failure. Light Cycler methods, based on real-time PCR with sequencespecific probe hybridization, have been implemented in most diagnostic laboratories. However, this technique cannot identify single point mutations in highly variable genetic environments, such as the HCV genome. To circumvent this problem, we developed a new method to homogenize all nucleotides present in a region except the point mutation of interest. RESULTS Using nucleotide-specific probes Q, K, and R substitutions at position 80 were clearly identified at a sensitivity of 10%(mutations present at a frequency of at least 10% were detected). The technique was successfully applied to identify the Q80 K substitution in 240 HCV G1 serum samples, with performance comparable to that of direct Sanger sequencing, the current standard procedure for this purpose. The new method was then validated in a Catalonian population of 202 HCV G1-infected individuals. Q80 K was detected in 14.6% of G1 a patients and 0% of G1 b in our setting. CONCLUSION A fast, low-cost diagnostic strategy based on real-time PCR and fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe melting curve analysis has been successfully developed to identify single point mutations in highly variable genomes such as hepatitis C virus. This technique can be adapted to detect any single point mutation in highly variable genomes.
文摘The habanero chili （Capsicum chinense Jacq.） is a species of great demand in the domestic and international markets. One problem in the cultivation is low percentage of seed germination. There is little information on the use of promoters and imbibition time to increase this parameter, without compromising the quality of seedlings. In this context, authors assessed the independent effect of GAs （gibberellic acid） and KNOs at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg·L1. Seeds without preconditioning were the witness. The experimental unit was a Petri dish with 50 seeds on filter paper placed equidistant. There were three replicates per treatment and the experimental design was randomized complete block. Imbibition time was 24 h. The experimental units were kept in an incubator at 22 ± 2 ℃. From the time of planting and for periods of 24 h for 14 d, experimental units were reviewed to determine the time at the beginning of germination and the total cumulative percentage. The authors also determined the number of normal and abnormal seedlings, the length of hypocotyl and radicle, weight of fresh and dry matter of seedlings. On the fifth day after sowing in vitro, concentrations of 500 mg·L^-1 of GAs, 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 KNO3, increased 208% the percentage of seed germination of habanero chile. On day 14 after sowing in vitro concentrations of 500 mg·L^-1 GA3, 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 KNO3, increased 23% normal seedlings and 40% dry matter thereof, with respect to seeds obtained without preconditioning. Unconditioned seeds before sowing produced 125% more seedlings.
