[Objective] The aim was to select insecticides effective in contrlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya. [Method] Efficacy effects of 11 insecticides in 22 concentrations were performed on Pseudaulacaspis pe...[Objective] The aim was to select insecticides effective in contrlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya. [Method] Efficacy effects of 11 insecticides in 22 concentrations were performed on Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya. [Result] When the insecticides were sprayed after 14 d, the treatment group with 22.4% spirotetramat SC at two concentrations proved the best, with control effects at 95.24% and 92.05%, followed by Nurelle at two concentrations, with control effects at 90.86% and 89.19%, and the control effects of chlorpyrifos （x2 000） was the poorest at only 67.08%. Therefore, it is feasible to make use of 22.4% spirotetramat SC, chlorpyrifos EC and Nurelle EC alternatively in controlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona in case of pesticide resistance. [Conclusion] The research provided references for scientific use of insecticides in controlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate radiofrequency thermal ablation （RTA） for treatment of cystic echinococcosis in animal models （explanted organs）. METHODS： Infected livers and lungs from slaughtered animals, 10 bovine and two o...AIM： To evaluate radiofrequency thermal ablation （RTA） for treatment of cystic echinococcosis in animal models （explanted organs）. METHODS： Infected livers and lungs from slaughtered animals, 10 bovine and two ovine, were collected. Cysts were photographed, and their volume, cyst content, germinal layer adhesion status, wall calcification and presence of daughter or adjacent cysts were evaluated by ultrasound. Some cysts were treated with RTA at 150 W, 80℃, 7 min. Temperature was monitored inside and outside the cyst. A second needle was placed inside the cyst for pressure stabilization. After treatment, all cysts were sectioned and examined by histology. Cysts were defined as alive if a preserved germinal layer at histology was evident, and as successfully treated if the germinal layer was necrotic. RESULTS： The subjects of the study were 17 cysts （nine hepatic and eight pulmonary）, who were treated with RTA. Pathology showed 100% success rate in both hepatic （919） and lung cysts （8/8）; immediate volume reduction of at least 65%; layer of host tissue necrosis outside the cyst, with average extension of 0.64 cm for liver and 1.57 cm for lung; and endocyst attached to the pericystium both in hepatic and lung cysts with small and focal de novo endocyst detachment in just 3/9 hepatic cysts. CONCLUSION： RTA appears to be very effective in killing hydatid cysts of explanted liver and lung. Bile duct and bronchial wall necrosis, persistence of endocyst attached to pericystium, should help avoid or greatly decrease in v/vo post-treatment fistula occurrence and consequent overlapping complications that are common after surgery or percutaneous aspiration, injection and reaspiration. In vivo studies are required to confirm and validate this new therapeutic approach.展开更多
Cordyceps ophioglossoides is a valuable traditional medicinal material.We have found that intracellular polysaccharide(IPS) is the major biologically active ingredient in Cordyceps ophioglossoides.This study is the fi...Cordyceps ophioglossoides is a valuable traditional medicinal material.We have found that intracellular polysaccharide(IPS) is the major biologically active ingredient in Cordyceps ophioglossoides.This study is the first time to optimize the yield of IPS from Cordyceps ophioglossoides.The optimal medium for IPS production consists of glucose 54.50 g·L·1,yeast powder 25.50 g·L·1,NaH2PO4 0.4 g·L·1 and K2HPO4 0.4 g·L·1.The suggested culture conditions are 24 ℃,initial pH 4.5 with a rotary speed of 120 r·min·1 for 168 h.The yield of IPS is 737.93 mg·L·1,which is 50% higher than the yield under the conditions prior to optimization.The anti-oxidative activities of IPS in Cordyceps ophioglossoides L2 are also characterized using various in vitro assay.The anti-oxidative activity may explain the reason why IPS from Cordyceps ophioglossoides can be used to fight against neurodegenerative dis-eases and menopausal symptoms.展开更多
Luseweilei is an easily-bursted microcapsule insecticide. A test of effectiveness of the insecticide to control the larvae of Dendrolimus superans T. was carried out in larch forest in Baoan Forest Farm of Nehe City, ...Luseweilei is an easily-bursted microcapsule insecticide. A test of effectiveness of the insecticide to control the larvae of Dendrolimus superans T. was carried out in larch forest in Baoan Forest Farm of Nehe City, Heilongjiang Province, in April 2001. The solutions of different concentrations (1:150, 1:250, 1:350, and 1:450 Luseweilei : water) were sprayed on the larch trunk before the overwintering larvae climbing on trees and the spraying lengths (height) designed were 1.0, 2.5, and 3.5 m high from ground. The control result showed that spraying 150-, 250-, and 350-fold solutions of the insecticide all produced a good control result, with a mortality rate of 97%, but the 450-fold solution only produced 70% mortality. It is concluded that this insecticide can be used as a kind of good insecticide to control the overwintering larvae of D. superans in spring. Spraying 350-fold solution of easy-burst microcapsule insecticide and one meter spraying length are recommended for the future application..展开更多
AIM To investigate a safer way to set up the disease model of cystic echinococcosis without contamination risk and develop a novel experimental murine model of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. METHODS C57 B/6 mice were ...AIM To investigate a safer way to set up the disease model of cystic echinococcosis without contamination risk and develop a novel experimental murine model of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. METHODS C57 B/6 mice were injected with human protoscolices of three different concentrations via the portal vein. The mice were followed for 10 mo by ultrasound,gross anatomy,and pathological and immunological examinations. The protoscolex migration in the portal vein,hydatid cyst growth,host immune reaction,and hepatic histopathology were examined periodically.RESULTS The infection rates in the mice in the high,medium,and low concentration groups were 90%,100%,and 63.6%,respectively. The protoscolices migrated in the portal vein with blood flow,settled in the liver,and developed into orthotopic hepatic hydatid cysts,resembling the natural infection route and course.CONCLUSION We have established an improved experimental model of hepatic cystic echinococcosis with low biohazard risk but stable growing dynamics and immune reaction. It is especially useful for new anti-parasite medication trials against hydatid disease.展开更多
In this study, toxicity and control efficiency of three nicotine biopesticides against pomegranate aphids were determined via indoor toxicity test and field effica- cy test, aiming at screening the appropriate reagent...In this study, toxicity and control efficiency of three nicotine biopesticides against pomegranate aphids were determined via indoor toxicity test and field effica- cy test, aiming at screening the appropriate reagent for prevention and control of pomegranate aphids. The results of indoor toxicity test showed that LC^o of reagent 1, reagent 2 and reagent 3 reached 10 270, 12 810 and 13 040 mg/L, respectively. The results of field efficacy test showed that control efficacy of reagent 1, reagent 2 and reagent 3 reached 60.52%, 34.60% and 46.99%, respectively. Overall, reagent 1 （91% ultrafine powder of tobacco leaves, 3% silicone oil, 2% sasangua cake, 2% emulsifier, 2% ascorbic acid） exhibited the highest control efficiency against pomegranate aphids, which can be further popularized and utilized.展开更多
文摘[Objective] The aim was to select insecticides effective in contrlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya. [Method] Efficacy effects of 11 insecticides in 22 concentrations were performed on Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya. [Result] When the insecticides were sprayed after 14 d, the treatment group with 22.4% spirotetramat SC at two concentrations proved the best, with control effects at 95.24% and 92.05%, followed by Nurelle at two concentrations, with control effects at 90.86% and 89.19%, and the control effects of chlorpyrifos （x2 000） was the poorest at only 67.08%. Therefore, it is feasible to make use of 22.4% spirotetramat SC, chlorpyrifos EC and Nurelle EC alternatively in controlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona in case of pesticide resistance. [Conclusion] The research provided references for scientific use of insecticides in controlling Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Infecting Pitaya.
文摘AIM： To evaluate radiofrequency thermal ablation （RTA） for treatment of cystic echinococcosis in animal models （explanted organs）. METHODS： Infected livers and lungs from slaughtered animals, 10 bovine and two ovine, were collected. Cysts were photographed, and their volume, cyst content, germinal layer adhesion status, wall calcification and presence of daughter or adjacent cysts were evaluated by ultrasound. Some cysts were treated with RTA at 150 W, 80℃, 7 min. Temperature was monitored inside and outside the cyst. A second needle was placed inside the cyst for pressure stabilization. After treatment, all cysts were sectioned and examined by histology. Cysts were defined as alive if a preserved germinal layer at histology was evident, and as successfully treated if the germinal layer was necrotic. RESULTS： The subjects of the study were 17 cysts （nine hepatic and eight pulmonary）, who were treated with RTA. Pathology showed 100% success rate in both hepatic （919） and lung cysts （8/8）; immediate volume reduction of at least 65%; layer of host tissue necrosis outside the cyst, with average extension of 0.64 cm for liver and 1.57 cm for lung; and endocyst attached to the pericystium both in hepatic and lung cysts with small and focal de novo endocyst detachment in just 3/9 hepatic cysts. CONCLUSION： RTA appears to be very effective in killing hydatid cysts of explanted liver and lung. Bile duct and bronchial wall necrosis, persistence of endocyst attached to pericystium, should help avoid or greatly decrease in v/vo post-treatment fistula occurrence and consequent overlapping complications that are common after surgery or percutaneous aspiration, injection and reaspiration. In vivo studies are required to confirm and validate this new therapeutic approach.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2007AA021506)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (R207609)the Research Project of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province,China (2005C23027)
文摘Cordyceps ophioglossoides is a valuable traditional medicinal material.We have found that intracellular polysaccharide(IPS) is the major biologically active ingredient in Cordyceps ophioglossoides.This study is the first time to optimize the yield of IPS from Cordyceps ophioglossoides.The optimal medium for IPS production consists of glucose 54.50 g·L·1,yeast powder 25.50 g·L·1,NaH2PO4 0.4 g·L·1 and K2HPO4 0.4 g·L·1.The suggested culture conditions are 24 ℃,initial pH 4.5 with a rotary speed of 120 r·min·1 for 168 h.The yield of IPS is 737.93 mg·L·1,which is 50% higher than the yield under the conditions prior to optimization.The anti-oxidative activities of IPS in Cordyceps ophioglossoides L2 are also characterized using various in vitro assay.The anti-oxidative activity may explain the reason why IPS from Cordyceps ophioglossoides can be used to fight against neurodegenerative dis-eases and menopausal symptoms.
文摘Luseweilei is an easily-bursted microcapsule insecticide. A test of effectiveness of the insecticide to control the larvae of Dendrolimus superans T. was carried out in larch forest in Baoan Forest Farm of Nehe City, Heilongjiang Province, in April 2001. The solutions of different concentrations (1:150, 1:250, 1:350, and 1:450 Luseweilei : water) were sprayed on the larch trunk before the overwintering larvae climbing on trees and the spraying lengths (height) designed were 1.0, 2.5, and 3.5 m high from ground. The control result showed that spraying 150-, 250-, and 350-fold solutions of the insecticide all produced a good control result, with a mortality rate of 97%, but the 450-fold solution only produced 70% mortality. It is concluded that this insecticide can be used as a kind of good insecticide to control the overwintering larvae of D. superans in spring. Spraying 350-fold solution of easy-burst microcapsule insecticide and one meter spraying length are recommended for the future application..
基金Supported by Xinjiang Key Lab of Xinjiang Science and Technology Bureau Xinjiang,No.2014KL002National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372425National S&T Major Project,No.SQ2018ZX100301
文摘AIM To investigate a safer way to set up the disease model of cystic echinococcosis without contamination risk and develop a novel experimental murine model of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. METHODS C57 B/6 mice were injected with human protoscolices of three different concentrations via the portal vein. The mice were followed for 10 mo by ultrasound,gross anatomy,and pathological and immunological examinations. The protoscolex migration in the portal vein,hydatid cyst growth,host immune reaction,and hepatic histopathology were examined periodically.RESULTS The infection rates in the mice in the high,medium,and low concentration groups were 90%,100%,and 63.6%,respectively. The protoscolices migrated in the portal vein with blood flow,settled in the liver,and developed into orthotopic hepatic hydatid cysts,resembling the natural infection route and course.CONCLUSION We have established an improved experimental model of hepatic cystic echinococcosis with low biohazard risk but stable growing dynamics and immune reaction. It is especially useful for new anti-parasite medication trials against hydatid disease.
文摘In this study, toxicity and control efficiency of three nicotine biopesticides against pomegranate aphids were determined via indoor toxicity test and field effica- cy test, aiming at screening the appropriate reagent for prevention and control of pomegranate aphids. The results of indoor toxicity test showed that LC^o of reagent 1, reagent 2 and reagent 3 reached 10 270, 12 810 and 13 040 mg/L, respectively. The results of field efficacy test showed that control efficacy of reagent 1, reagent 2 and reagent 3 reached 60.52%, 34.60% and 46.99%, respectively. Overall, reagent 1 （91% ultrafine powder of tobacco leaves, 3% silicone oil, 2% sasangua cake, 2% emulsifier, 2% ascorbic acid） exhibited the highest control efficiency against pomegranate aphids, which can be further popularized and utilized.
