试述《左传》中的民本思想

《左传》生动记述了重大的历史事件以及有关的诸侯、卿大夫等各类人物的活动,集中反应了春秋以来日益兴起的民本思想,宣传了那些民重于天、民重于神的进步观点。商周以来占统治地位的天命、神权观念受到冲击,民众是诸侯间决定胜负成败的关键因素,民心的向背关系到统治者的命运和国家的兴亡,“弑君三十六,亡国五十二”,触目惊心。

试述河道治理及生态修复

我国水资源的现状是总量多,但是人均占有量少,因此,对于水资源的节约和保护是我国迫在眉睫的任务。随着广大人民群众对水资源保护意识的强化,河道治理这一保护举措也日益完善起来,而且河流与人们日常生活密切相关,更增加了河道治理的必须性。但是,在河道治理中,出现了一些和自然规律相背离的现象,给河流的生态带来了很大的破坏,再加上人们对河流日益增长的需求等,给河道治理及生态修复提出了更进一步的要求。

试述森林与动物的相互作用

动物是森林的组成部分,也是林木的环境条件。各种类型的森林中都栖息和生活着种类繁多,数量庞大的动物。动物的生活活动对森林土壤、森林小气候以及森林的生长h育,更新和演替等都有很大的影响。本文主要阐述森林与动物的相互作用。

试述玉米的施肥技术

玉米是我国的主要粮食作物之一,全国各地均有种植。玉米对肥料的需求比较大,正确的施肥可以使玉米长势好、抗病虫害能力强,产量也会随之提高。由于各地的种植制度和自然条件不同,有针对性地进行施肥可以取得事半功倍的效果。本文对玉米的施肥技术进行阐述。

试述电厂混凝土建筑结构加固技术

“十四五”时期,我国能源消费增长迅猛,能源发展进入新阶段,在保供压力明显增大的情形下,电力安全发展的一些深层次矛盾凸显,风险隐患增多。电力企业不可避免的需要对原有装机规模进行扩容、改造,对既有电厂建筑结构进行加固处理的必要性和重要性也就变得尤为突出。目前我国对于电厂混凝土建筑结构加固有许多方法和技术措施,但在具体项目实施过程中还是存在诸如技术措施陈旧、施工方式复杂等问题。因此对电厂建筑结构的加固改造,不仅是国家经济发展需要,更是保障人民生活稳定发展的需要。在本文中笔者根据自己多年从事建筑结构加固工程施工经验并结合当前实际情况,对电厂建筑结构的加固技术进行了简要分析和探讨。希望能够为我国建筑行业相关人员提供参考和借鉴。

不要人夸好颜色 但留清气在人间——试述李应桢的书法艺术

明代中叶,成化嘉靖年间,苏州一带物产丰富,经济繁荣,商业手工业亦很发达,成为中国文化的中心,特别是在书画方面,人才辈出,如祝允明、文徵明、王宠等继承了宋代的帖学,以复古为创新,由元之赵孟頫上溯晋唐,各自标新立异,从而形成了明代书法的中兴时期,因许多书家皆吴人,故有“天下法书归吾吴”之语。

试述刘江的印学理论及其研究特色

刘江先生原名馥安、佛庵,号知非,别署湖岸,一九二六年生于四川万县。现为浙江省书协顾问、西泠印社副社长、中国美术学院(浙江美术学院)教授。执鞭于高等艺术院校的刘江,其书法篆刻艺术理论和研究工作起步于六十年代初。当时刚从浙江美院国画系毕业留校任助教,一面随诸乐三、陆维钊等先生继续攻箓刻书法创作,一面积累资料,开始箓刻艺术理论的研究。

Simulation of extrusion process of complicated aluminium profile and die trial

The arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian（ALE） adaptive remeshing technology and the HyperXtrude software of transient finite element simulations were used on analogue simulation of aluminium extrusion processing.The field distributions of strain rate,stress,temperature and velocity of metal flow were obtained.The results are basically consistent with the experiment,which indicates that this method may successfully predict the defects in the actual extrusion process.

再述稳定底火(连载一)

0 前言 笔者<试述稳定底火>(见<四川水泥>2002年第2期)一文围绕稳定底火问题进行了试述.

Constraint-induced aphasia therapy for patients with aphasia: A systematic review

Objectives:This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of constraint-induced aphasia therapy(OAT)for aphasic patients reported by randomized controlled trials.Methods:Relevant randomized controlled trials were retrieved from 11 electronic databases.A methodological quality assessment was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook,and metaanalyses were performed by using RevMan 5.2.A descriptive analysis was conducted when the included trials were not suitable for a meta-analysis.Results:A total of 12 trials were included.A statistically significant group difference was shown from the meta-analysis in the results measured by the Western Aphasia Battery(random-effects model,MD=1.23,95%CI=0.31 to 2.14,P<0.01).However,there were no statistically significant differences shown in the results of the Boston Naming Test(fixed-effects model,MD=-1.79,95%CI=-11.19 to Z62,P>0.05)and Aachen Aphasia Test(fixed-effects model,MD=-1.11,95%CI=-4.49 to 2.27,P>0.05).The descriptive analysis showed positive results in language performances of naming,repetition,and comprehension.Conclusion:This systematic review indicated that CIAT was efficient for improving language performance with regard to naming,comprehension,repetition,written language,and oral language based on the current evidence.And this review provides some meaningful guides for clinical practice:expand the therapy duration to 2 or 3 h per day,focus on naming,and choose the best assessment tool.It also indicates a need for more rigorous,large-scale,and high-quality trials in the future.

Experimental Studies on High-Frequency Performance of the Inverse Control Magneto-Rheological Damper

Severe vibration of underground structures may be induced under blast loads. According to the characteristics of the explosion-induced ground shock wave, a new-type damper, inverse control magneto-rheological（MR） damper was designed to control the vibration, The high-frequency performance test of the MR damper was carried out on the small shaking table. It is shown that the performance can be modeled by use of the modified Bouc-Wen model, and the Parameters of the model keep stable in the range of 15--50 Hz.

Quantitative description of infrared radiation characteristics for solid materials subjected to external loading

Based on the thermodynamics theory and physical micro-properties of solid materials subjected to external loading at room temperature,a formula of calculating temperature difference of infrared radiation in terms of the sum of three principal strains was deduced to quantitatively investigate the infrared radiation characteristics in test. Two typical specimens,the three-point bending beam and the disc pressed in diameter,were tested and their principal strains were calculated by finite element method in order to obtain the temperature differences of infrared radiation. Numerical results are in a good agreement with test results,which verifies the validity of the formula of calculating temperature differences of infrared radiation and the model of quantitatively describing the infrared radiation characteristics of solid materials,and reveals the corresponding inner physical mechanism.

Passivity Degradation of Nuclear Materials in Reduced Sulfur Environments:A Review

This paper reviews sulfur-induced passivity degradation of nuclear materials with emphasis on steam generator(SG)alloys. The state of arts on this topic concerning thermodynamic calculation and experimental data has been reviewed. Thermodynamic calculation results indicate that the distribution of sulfur species strongly depends on p H and temperature. Experimental data show that solution p H, temperature and solution chemistries can significantly affect the electrochemical behaviors of SG materials and the underlying degradation mechanisms. Some issues when conducting corrosion tests at high temperature should be paid attention to, such as the dissolution of the autoclave, which may affect the facticity of the experimental results.

Whether Probiotic Supplementation Benefits Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients： A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gut and oral microflora are important factors in the pathogenesis and development of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplements have beneficial consequences on experimental arthritis in rats. However, results from randomized clinical trials on the effects of probi- otics have not been consistent. The aim of this study was to systematically review the existing evidence for the effects of probiotic intervention in RA. We included randomized controlled trials （RCTs） of RA patients receiving stable treatment with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs （DMARDs） that： ①were combined with additional probiotic supplements or ② were combined with either no additional supplements or only a placebo treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.3. Six randomized clinical trials were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, with 249 participants in total. The results showed that the probiotic intervention treatment has not yet achieved significant improvement in the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria （ACR20） score and the disease activity score in 28 joints （DAS28）. The laboratory index C-reactive protein （CRP） （mg.L-1） was significantly reduced in the intervention group. The expression of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-a and interleukine （IL）-ll] was also significantly reduced, while IL-10 expression increased in the probiotic intervention groups. This article is the first systematic review and meta-analysis providing a comprehensive assessment of the benefits of treating RA with probiotics. We found that probiotic supplementation may show a limited improvement in RA therapy in existing reports because of a lack of sufficiently high-quality work on the part of clinicians. More multi-centered, large-sample RCTs are needed in order to evaluate the benefits of probiotics in RA treatment.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for resectable esophageal cancer:an in-depth study of randomized controlled trials and literature review

Surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) is a common multidisciplinary treatment for resectable esophageal cancer(EC). After analyzing 12 randomized controlled trials(RCTs), we discuss the key issues of surgery in the management of resectable EC. Along with chemoradiotherapy, NCRT is recommended for patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and adenocarcinoma(AC), and most chemotherapy regimens are based on cisplatin, fluorouracil(FU), or both(CF). However, taxane-based schedules or additional studies, together with newer chemotherapies, are warranted. In nine clinical trials, post-operative complications were similar without significant differences between two treatment groups. In-hospital mortality was significantly different in only 1 out of 10 trials. Half of the randomized trials that compare NCRT with surgery in EC demonstrate an increase in overall survival or disease-free survival. NCRT offers a great opportunity for margin negative resection, decreased disease stage, and improved loco-regional control. However, NCRT does not affect the quality of life when combined with esophagectomy. Future trials should focus on the identification of optimum regimens and selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from specific treatment options.

A STUDY ON THE CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF LONG DIALOGUE MULTIPLE-CHOICE LISTENING COMPREHENSION TESTS: RETROSPECTION APPROACH

This paper aims to explore the construct validity of long dialogue multiple-choice (MC) listening comprehension tests through examining the retrospective verbal reports of eight Chinese EFL test-takers at tertiary level. It is found that the grammatical knowledge, discourse knowledge, pragmatic knowledge and sociolinguistic knowledge of language competence and all the cognitive and metacognitive strategies proposed in the framework of listening constructs are measured in the tests, which supports the constr...

Efficacy of acupuncture in treating chronic non-specific low back pain

Objective To provide an update on the evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating chronic non-specific low back pain(CNSLBP)based on randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of acupuncture for CNSLBP published between 2006 and 2020.Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the University of Malta website,using the HyDi search engine.The‘Advanced Search’option was chosen in order to search for articles that were published in English,and associated with the key words,‘Chronic’,‘Acupuncture’,‘Needle’,‘Needling’,‘Non-specific’and‘Low Back Pain’,which were entered in their‘Subject’field,from the year 2006 till 2020.A comprehensive reading and analysis was done for the search result.Results Through the use of the HyDi search engine,accessible through the University of Malta,eighteen randomized controlled trials that met the criteria of this study were selected.Conclusion Through the analysis and comparison of the studies selected for this literature review,there is evidence providing that acupuncture is significantly more effective than current conservative treatment modalities for patients with CNSLBP in reducing pain and improving function.

Acupuncture for obesity:a systematic review

Obesity has become a major health challenge for both patients and family physicians.Well-known methods of weight reduction such as diet and exercise are often difficult to comply with due to lifestyle and quality of life issues.Other methods such as diet pills or surgery have potentially serious side effects and often do not show long-term benefit.In an attempt to find a less invasive and effective modality of treatment,traditional Chinese medicine,particularly acupuncture and auriculotherapy,has become a topic of research in this field.The authors conducted a review of the current evidence regarding the use of auricular and body acupuncture in the treatment of obesity from their beginning to June 2014.Any published trial using randomized assignment to the intervention and control groups,in full text were included.Overall,moderate evidence in favor of acupuncture over exercise in the treatment of obesity was found.However,due to the limitations of the published studies in this field,it is necessary to conduct a large high quality randomized controlled trial in order to determine whether acupuncture should be used as a treatment modality to achieve weight loss in obese individuals.