An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show ...An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show that the morphology of hydrates formed by water spraying is like ice-slurry,which depends on the initial pressure and temperature.At a certain reaction pressure,the rate of hydrate formation is increasing with lower temperature.And also,the induction time of hydrate formation can be greatly shortened by water spraying compared to a quiescent system.Solution with appropriate surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is found to improve the formation rate obviously.展开更多
Experiments were conducted to investigate the cooling manner of an ultra-thick hot aluminum alloy plate during multistage quenching. Cooling curves and heat flux curves of different rapid quenching flux varied from 23...Experiments were conducted to investigate the cooling manner of an ultra-thick hot aluminum alloy plate during multistage quenching. Cooling curves and heat flux curves of different rapid quenching flux varied from 23 to 40 L min-1 and were analyzed in detail. In this investigation, cooling process was divided into the following four steps： （Ⅰ） starting step, （Ⅱ） rapid cooling step, （Ⅲ） slow cooling step, and （Ⅳ） stopping step. Based on the curves, the calculation method for surface transfer coefficient was provided, and the effects of coefficient on surface temperature and quenching flux were discussed. Results showed that the transfer coefficient disagreed with heat flux and that it is a nonlinear function of surface temperature. The highest coefficient was observed not in the rapid cooling step with the largest heat flux but in the slow cooling step with lower heat flux. The coefficient increased with surface temperature ranging from 480 to 150℃, and a coefficient peak appeared in the temperature range of 150- 100℃. The coefficient also increased with quenching flux. Finally, a simulation was performed using the finite element method to verify the reliability of the coefficient results, which showed good agreement with the measurement values.展开更多
A rack cooling system based on a large scale flat plate pulsating heat pipe is proposed. The heat generated from IT equipment in a closed rack is transferred by the rear door pulsating heat pipe to the chilled air pas...A rack cooling system based on a large scale flat plate pulsating heat pipe is proposed. The heat generated from IT equipment in a closed rack is transferred by the rear door pulsating heat pipe to the chilled air passage and is avoided to release into the room. The influence of the start-up performance of the heat pipe, the load of the rack and the load dissipation to the temperature and the velocity distribution in the rack are discussed. It is found that the temperature would be lower and the temperature distribution would be more uniform in the rack when the pulsating heat pipe is in operation. Also, the effect of rack electricity load on temperature distribution is analyzed. It is indicated that higher velocity of chilled air will improve heat transfer of the rack.展开更多
In this article, we study the masses and pole residues of the pseudoscalar-diquark-pseudoscalar-antidiquark type and vector-diquark-vector-antidiquark type scalar hidden-charm cucd （cucs） tetraquark states with QCD ...In this article, we study the masses and pole residues of the pseudoscalar-diquark-pseudoscalar-antidiquark type and vector-diquark-vector-antidiquark type scalar hidden-charm cucd （cucs） tetraquark states with QCD sum rules by taking into account the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-lO in the operator product expansion. The predicted masses can be confronted with the experimental data in the future. Possible decays of those tetraquark states are also discussed.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50706028)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(No.S30503)
文摘An experimental investigation of natural gas hydrate formation has been conducted in a high-pressure water spraying reactor,which is cooled by the circulation water through an external cooling jacket.The results show that the morphology of hydrates formed by water spraying is like ice-slurry,which depends on the initial pressure and temperature.At a certain reaction pressure,the rate of hydrate formation is increasing with lower temperature.And also,the induction time of hydrate formation can be greatly shortened by water spraying compared to a quiescent system.Solution with appropriate surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is found to improve the formation rate obviously.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB619500)the Major State Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0300901)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51375503)the BaGui Scholars Program of China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Grant No.2013A017)
文摘Experiments were conducted to investigate the cooling manner of an ultra-thick hot aluminum alloy plate during multistage quenching. Cooling curves and heat flux curves of different rapid quenching flux varied from 23 to 40 L min-1 and were analyzed in detail. In this investigation, cooling process was divided into the following four steps： （Ⅰ） starting step, （Ⅱ） rapid cooling step, （Ⅲ） slow cooling step, and （Ⅳ） stopping step. Based on the curves, the calculation method for surface transfer coefficient was provided, and the effects of coefficient on surface temperature and quenching flux were discussed. Results showed that the transfer coefficient disagreed with heat flux and that it is a nonlinear function of surface temperature. The highest coefficient was observed not in the rapid cooling step with the largest heat flux but in the slow cooling step with lower heat flux. The coefficient increased with surface temperature ranging from 480 to 150℃, and a coefficient peak appeared in the temperature range of 150- 100℃. The coefficient also increased with quenching flux. Finally, a simulation was performed using the finite element method to verify the reliability of the coefficient results, which showed good agreement with the measurement values.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51376019)
文摘A rack cooling system based on a large scale flat plate pulsating heat pipe is proposed. The heat generated from IT equipment in a closed rack is transferred by the rear door pulsating heat pipe to the chilled air passage and is avoided to release into the room. The influence of the start-up performance of the heat pipe, the load of the rack and the load dissipation to the temperature and the velocity distribution in the rack are discussed. It is found that the temperature would be lower and the temperature distribution would be more uniform in the rack when the pulsating heat pipe is in operation. Also, the effect of rack electricity load on temperature distribution is analyzed. It is indicated that higher velocity of chilled air will improve heat transfer of the rack.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11375063the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant Nos.2016MS155 and 2016MS133
文摘In this article, we study the masses and pole residues of the pseudoscalar-diquark-pseudoscalar-antidiquark type and vector-diquark-vector-antidiquark type scalar hidden-charm cucd （cucs） tetraquark states with QCD sum rules by taking into account the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-lO in the operator product expansion. The predicted masses can be confronted with the experimental data in the future. Possible decays of those tetraquark states are also discussed.
