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结构及其风格——施莱尔马赫如何在德里达和索绪尔之间调解
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作者 曼弗雷德·弗兰克 游洁(译) 《中外文化与文论》 2022年第3期1-20,共20页
几十年前,在人文学科中“结构主义者”和“解释学家”之间有过激烈的争论。前者认为人类的行为和理解是由匿名的“符号的秩序”确定的,后者则将其追溯到主体的“构成意义的”和“揭示世界的”活动。早在200年前,神学家和哲学家弗里德里... 几十年前,在人文学科中“结构主义者”和“解释学家”之间有过激烈的争论。前者认为人类的行为和理解是由匿名的“符号的秩序”确定的,后者则将其追溯到主体的“构成意义的”和“揭示世界的”活动。早在200年前,神学家和哲学家弗里德里希·施莱尔马赫就在他的解释学中提出了解决这一争议的建议:语法(以及通常的“符号的秩序”)基于主体的理解构思,但一旦它们固化和系统化为“语法”,就会决定主体的行动和理解。然而,应用语法规则的自由最终基于说话的主体的自由。本文详细论证了该论点是日内瓦语言学家斐迪南·德·索绪尔的基本见解,他的语言学被错误地风格化为所谓结构主义的奠基文献。当德里达指责所谓的索绪尔结构主义从僵化的“代码”(语言)中推导出“意义效果”而没有考虑到不断更新和区分符号排列的无政府主义时,他与索绪尔达成了一致。然而,德里达没有解释究竟是哪个主体真正产生了这些意义效果:主体当然是人。在这一点上,施莱尔马赫的理论被证明优于这两位作者的理论。 展开更多
关键词 结构 意义理解 主体 风格 语法和言语 符号的差异性
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Social and Political Dimensions of Communication in Grammar Instruction: What Teachers Should Contemplate
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作者 吴始年 《Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics》 2016年第2期153-166,246,共15页
Successful language learning entails two levels of competence: adequate control of the grammatical system of the target language and ability to effectively communicate in pragmatic contexts. Espoused by the mantra of... Successful language learning entails two levels of competence: adequate control of the grammatical system of the target language and ability to effectively communicate in pragmatic contexts. Espoused by the mantra of much inculcated communicative orientation in English language teaching and learning, the divination points to pedagogical trends which essentially )ettison grammar instruction in the classroom. However, language is not merely a tool of communication but an instrument of social control, political power, and economic mobility, all of which require not only skills to "get your message across" by whatever means, but more importantly, the accurate use of and facility with language that has been codified and assessed formally by standardized tests. This paper critically examines the role of grammatical accuracy and its relation to communication in terms of social and academic functions of English and advocates a revival of currently penurious grammar instruction. Examples from both native and nonnative speakers of English are used to illustrate the interface between grammar and social and political dimensions of communication through language. 展开更多
关键词 grammatical accuracy social andpolitical dimensions of language standardized tests grammar instruction
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