第二语言学习者汉语声调习得的语言类型效应

第二语言学习者的母语调位系统对汉语声调的习得具有巨大的影响,不同母语类型的学习者在汉语声调习得过程中呈现出明显的语言类型效应,具体表现为:在调值上,曲拱调和平调语言类型学习者比非声调语言类型学习者敏感;而在调形上,曲拱调语言类型学习者比平调和非声调语言类型学习者敏感。此外,学习者的声调加工策略在汉语习得过程中具有显著的差异,是一个从基于母语声调的加工策略发展到基于汉语声调范畴的加工策略的过程。

Effects of Social Relationships on People＇s Acceptance of Robots： Using Forms of Language by Robots

This study investigated the difference in the levels of people＇s acceptance of robots by the types of social relationships between humans and robots. In this study, social relationships between a robot and a person were categorized into four types consisted of two in the horizontal of social relationship （intimacy dimension） and two in the vertical of social relationship （status dimension）. In dialogue between humans and robots, the types of social relationship were adjusted by forms of language such as calling by name and speech styles. People＇s acceptance of robots was measured by people＇s comfortable approach distance to the robot. Participants showed greater acceptance of a robot when the robot called them by their names. In the case of speech style, participants accepted the robot which used honorific speech style without addressing them by their name, while they accepted the robot which used familiar speech style with addressing them by their name. There was an interaction effect between gender and calling by name.