To enhance the speech quality that is degraded by environmental noise,an algorithm was proposed to reduce the noise and reinforce the speech.The minima controlled recursive averaging(MCRA) algorithm was used to estima...To enhance the speech quality that is degraded by environmental noise,an algorithm was proposed to reduce the noise and reinforce the speech.The minima controlled recursive averaging(MCRA) algorithm was used to estimate the noise spectrum and the partial masking effect which is one of the psychoacoustic properties was introduced to reinforce speech.The performance evaluation was performed by comparing the PESQ(perceptual evaluation of speech quality) and segSNR(segmental signal to noise ratio) by the proposed algorithm with the conventional algorithm.As a result,average PESQ by the proposed algorithm was higher than the average PESQ by the conventional noise reduction algorithm and segSNR was higher as much as 3.2 dB in average than that of the noise reduction algorithm.展开更多
This study examined the influence of semantic and phonological priming on L2 speech planning,as well as the difference between native and non-native speakers of English in terms of lemma activation.Two potential expla...This study examined the influence of semantic and phonological priming on L2 speech planning,as well as the difference between native and non-native speakers of English in terms of lemma activation.Two potential explanations for the contrast between the performance of L2 speakers and native controls were considered.The first of which was that L2 speakers’ phonological forms are activated before selection of syntactic frame occurred,whereas the reverse is true for native speakers.The second explanation posits that the organisation of the speech production procedure is fundamentally similar in native and L2 speakers,and the disparity in performance arises from difference in the levels of activation of stored items.The results of the present experiment suggest that lemma selection is indeed what drives syntactic frame selection.However,lemmas in L2 speakers can be primed through a chain of connections demonstrated as:L2 phonological form →L1 phonological form → L1 lemma.展开更多
Bilingual children＇ s word awareness can reflect the impact of bilingualism on language cognition from the aspect of psycholinguistics. The current studies on bilingual children＇s word awareness both at home and abr...Bilingual children＇ s word awareness can reflect the impact of bilingualism on language cognition from the aspect of psycholinguistics. The current studies on bilingual children＇s word awareness both at home and abroad show that there exist quite opposite points of views： bilingual disadvantage and bilingual advantage. The interpretation mechanisms of interference effect, word frequency, and mutual exclusivity constraint are used to support the bilingual disadvantage; while the interpretation mechanisms of bilingual advantage include sound coding, short-term memory, and inhibitory control. In effect, there is no negative impact of bilingualism on children＇s word awareness, and the so-called negative effects only exist on the theoretical aspect of research. The development of children＇s word awareness is influenced by many factors including age of acquisition, learning environment, and bilingual proficiency, etc.展开更多
文摘To enhance the speech quality that is degraded by environmental noise,an algorithm was proposed to reduce the noise and reinforce the speech.The minima controlled recursive averaging(MCRA) algorithm was used to estimate the noise spectrum and the partial masking effect which is one of the psychoacoustic properties was introduced to reinforce speech.The performance evaluation was performed by comparing the PESQ(perceptual evaluation of speech quality) and segSNR(segmental signal to noise ratio) by the proposed algorithm with the conventional algorithm.As a result,average PESQ by the proposed algorithm was higher than the average PESQ by the conventional noise reduction algorithm and segSNR was higher as much as 3.2 dB in average than that of the noise reduction algorithm.
文摘This study examined the influence of semantic and phonological priming on L2 speech planning,as well as the difference between native and non-native speakers of English in terms of lemma activation.Two potential explanations for the contrast between the performance of L2 speakers and native controls were considered.The first of which was that L2 speakers’ phonological forms are activated before selection of syntactic frame occurred,whereas the reverse is true for native speakers.The second explanation posits that the organisation of the speech production procedure is fundamentally similar in native and L2 speakers,and the disparity in performance arises from difference in the levels of activation of stored items.The results of the present experiment suggest that lemma selection is indeed what drives syntactic frame selection.However,lemmas in L2 speakers can be primed through a chain of connections demonstrated as:L2 phonological form →L1 phonological form → L1 lemma.
基金Acknowledgements： This study was supported by National Social Science Foundation （grant number 14BYY060）, a China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （grant number 2012M520057）, and a Startup Fund for Advanced Talents of Nanjing Forestry University （grant number GXL022）.
文摘Bilingual children＇ s word awareness can reflect the impact of bilingualism on language cognition from the aspect of psycholinguistics. The current studies on bilingual children＇s word awareness both at home and abroad show that there exist quite opposite points of views： bilingual disadvantage and bilingual advantage. The interpretation mechanisms of interference effect, word frequency, and mutual exclusivity constraint are used to support the bilingual disadvantage; while the interpretation mechanisms of bilingual advantage include sound coding, short-term memory, and inhibitory control. In effect, there is no negative impact of bilingualism on children＇s word awareness, and the so-called negative effects only exist on the theoretical aspect of research. The development of children＇s word awareness is influenced by many factors including age of acquisition, learning environment, and bilingual proficiency, etc.
