南昌地区儿童乳牙龋病发病率及发病因素调查分析

目的探讨南昌地区不同级别幼儿园中3-5岁儿童乳牙龋病患病率与环境、饮食、口腔卫生等因素的关系。方法选取2014年3月-2015年2月在南昌地区5区4县抽取调查公立及私立市级、区级、社区幼儿园各6所,共计1224例3-5岁儿童。按照幼儿园等级划分标准,分成优等幼儿园408人,中等幼儿园544人,劣等幼儿园272人。通过影响因素的分析,采用χ-2检验计算龋病发病率,分析乳牙龋、失、补情况,获取南昌地区不同等级幼儿园中3-5岁儿童龋病发病情况的差异。结果优等幼儿园、中等幼儿园、劣等幼儿园儿童出生体重、喂养方式、孩子数、是否由父母照顾、家庭年收入、饮食习惯（喝甜牛奶、每天进食新鲜水果、每天进甜点心的频率、睡前吃甜点或喝甜饮料）、牙卫生健康保护（开始刷牙的年龄、每天刷牙次数）等方面的调查结果均有显著的统计学差异（χ-2=23.28、22.10、67.19、99.48、184.77、86.93、231.64、183.68、394.83、488.20、388.30,P〈0.01）。优等幼儿园、中等幼儿园、劣等幼儿园中儿童龋齿患病率分别为41.18%、65.44%、78.31%,三组儿童龋齿患病率差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.14,P〈0.01）。优等幼儿园、中等幼儿园、劣等幼儿园儿童乳牙龋、失、补男女构成比分别为42.53%、40.14%,71.34%、60.09%,94.87%、60.34%。结论南昌地区3-5岁儿童乳牙龋病患病率与环境、饮食、卫生习惯有关,改善环境、饮食习惯,注重口腔卫生宣传教育,有利于降低儿童龋病发病率。

Understanding Chinese international college and university students' physical activity behavior

Objective： To examine factors of the youth physical activity promotion （YPAP） model that are associated with Chinese international students＇ meeting PA recommendations （MPAR）. Methods： A total of 649 （females = 320, males = 329） Chinese international college students participated in the study. This study was conducted in the United States （US.） between June and August in 2011. Participants completed an online survey regarding their demographic, PA, predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Results： Logistic nested-regression analysis suggested that being male, having a higher body mass index, perceived competence, self-efficacy, attitude, and enjoyment all increased （p 〈 0.001） the participants＇ odds of MPAR. Except language barriers, all of the enabling and reinforcing factors predicted MPAR indirectly through the predisposing factors （p 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： Understanding factors that influence PA among Chinese international students is an important step in the process of promoting their long-term health and wellbeing. Designing program that address the identified key factors may help colleges and universities achieve this goal.