目的探讨血清铁调节蛋白2(iron-regulated protein 2,IRP2)、诱饵受体3(decoy receptor 3,DcR3)水平与老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者疾病转归的关系。方法...目的探讨血清铁调节蛋白2(iron-regulated protein 2,IRP2)、诱饵受体3(decoy receptor 3,DcR3)水平与老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者疾病转归的关系。方法选择AECOPD患者(AECOPD组)88例,检测血清IRP2、DcR3水平,追踪AECOPD患者临床疾病转归,根据临床疾病转归将其分为恶化组(22例)和好转组(66例)。多因素Logistic回归分析AECOPD患者疾病转归的影响因素。受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的价值。结果恶化组近1年AECOPD发作次数、急性生理和慢性健康状况评分、合并休克、呼吸困难评分(modified medical research council,mMRC)分级3~4级高于好转组(P<0.05)。恶化组治疗前和治疗2周后血清IRP2、DcR3水平高于好转组,治疗2周后好转组血清IRP2、DcR3水平低于治疗前(P<0.05);恶化组血清IRP2、DcR3水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,近1年AECOPD发作次数、mMRC分级、治疗前IRP2、治疗前DcR3是AECOPD患者疾病恶化的危险因素(P<0.05)。治疗前IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的曲线下面积为0.781、0.795,联合IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的曲线下面积为0.918,大于单独IRP2、DcR3预测(P<0.05)。结论AECOPD患者血清IRP2、DcR3水平均显著增高,且与肺功能降低以及疾病恶化有关,检测血清IRP2、DcR3水平有助于对AECOPD患者疾病转归的预测。展开更多
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by an accumulation of dendritic Langerhans cells in granulomatous lesions in the bone,skin,and other sites in the body. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unkn...Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by an accumulation of dendritic Langerhans cells in granulomatous lesions in the bone,skin,and other sites in the body. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unknown. We measured serum levels of the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG),an important regulator of bone metabolism as well as immune responses,in 18 children with single system (SS) or multisystem(MS) forms of LCH and 20 pediatric controls. OPG levels were significantly increased in LCH patients at diagnosis when compared with controls,and pretreatment levels of OPG were elevated in MS compared with SS patients. Moreover,OPG levels in LCH patients were elevated in patients with involvement of risk organs (liver,lungs,hematopoietic system,or spleen) when compared with patients without risk organ involvement,indicative of an association between OPG values and disease severity. We also observed a positive correlation between serum levels of OPG and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,a proinflammatory cytokine,at the time of onset of disease.These findings show,for the first time,that serum OPG levels are elevated in LCH patients,and suggest that OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of this enigmatic disease.展开更多
Pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs) are recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)localized on the cell surface to activate immune responses.This PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI) confe...Pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs) are recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)localized on the cell surface to activate immune responses.This PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI) confers resistance to a broad range of pathogenic microbes and,therefore,has a great potential for genetically engineering broad-spectrum resistance by transferring PRRs across plant families.Pathogenic effectors secreted by phytopathogens often directly target and inhibit key components of PTI signaling pathways via diverse biochemical mechanisms.In some cases,plants have evolved to produce decoy proteins that mimic the direct virulence target,which senses the biochemical activities of pathogenic effectors.This kind of perception traps the effectors of erroneous targeting and results in the activation of effector-triggered immunity(ETI) instead of suppressing PTI.This mechanism suggests that artificially designed decoy proteins could be used to generate new recognition specificities in a particular plant.In this review,we summarize recent advances in research investigating PAMP recognition by PRRs and virulence effector surveillance by decoy proteins.Successful expansion of recognition specificities,conferred by the transgenic expression of EF-Tu receptor(EFR) and AvrPphB susceptible 1(PBS1) decoys,has highlighted the considerable potential of PRRs and artificially designed decoys to expand plant resistance spectra and the need to further identify novel PRRs and decoys.展开更多
文摘目的探讨血清铁调节蛋白2(iron-regulated protein 2,IRP2)、诱饵受体3(decoy receptor 3,DcR3)水平与老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者疾病转归的关系。方法选择AECOPD患者(AECOPD组)88例,检测血清IRP2、DcR3水平,追踪AECOPD患者临床疾病转归,根据临床疾病转归将其分为恶化组(22例)和好转组(66例)。多因素Logistic回归分析AECOPD患者疾病转归的影响因素。受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的价值。结果恶化组近1年AECOPD发作次数、急性生理和慢性健康状况评分、合并休克、呼吸困难评分(modified medical research council,mMRC)分级3~4级高于好转组(P<0.05)。恶化组治疗前和治疗2周后血清IRP2、DcR3水平高于好转组,治疗2周后好转组血清IRP2、DcR3水平低于治疗前(P<0.05);恶化组血清IRP2、DcR3水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,近1年AECOPD发作次数、mMRC分级、治疗前IRP2、治疗前DcR3是AECOPD患者疾病恶化的危险因素(P<0.05)。治疗前IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的曲线下面积为0.781、0.795,联合IRP2、DcR3预测AECOPD患者疾病转归的曲线下面积为0.918,大于单独IRP2、DcR3预测(P<0.05)。结论AECOPD患者血清IRP2、DcR3水平均显著增高,且与肺功能降低以及疾病恶化有关,检测血清IRP2、DcR3水平有助于对AECOPD患者疾病转归的预测。
文摘Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by an accumulation of dendritic Langerhans cells in granulomatous lesions in the bone,skin,and other sites in the body. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unknown. We measured serum levels of the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG),an important regulator of bone metabolism as well as immune responses,in 18 children with single system (SS) or multisystem(MS) forms of LCH and 20 pediatric controls. OPG levels were significantly increased in LCH patients at diagnosis when compared with controls,and pretreatment levels of OPG were elevated in MS compared with SS patients. Moreover,OPG levels in LCH patients were elevated in patients with involvement of risk organs (liver,lungs,hematopoietic system,or spleen) when compared with patients without risk organ involvement,indicative of an association between OPG values and disease severity. We also observed a positive correlation between serum levels of OPG and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,a proinflammatory cytokine,at the time of onset of disease.These findings show,for the first time,that serum OPG levels are elevated in LCH patients,and suggest that OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of this enigmatic disease.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB11020600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571968,31300234)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs) are recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)localized on the cell surface to activate immune responses.This PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI) confers resistance to a broad range of pathogenic microbes and,therefore,has a great potential for genetically engineering broad-spectrum resistance by transferring PRRs across plant families.Pathogenic effectors secreted by phytopathogens often directly target and inhibit key components of PTI signaling pathways via diverse biochemical mechanisms.In some cases,plants have evolved to produce decoy proteins that mimic the direct virulence target,which senses the biochemical activities of pathogenic effectors.This kind of perception traps the effectors of erroneous targeting and results in the activation of effector-triggered immunity(ETI) instead of suppressing PTI.This mechanism suggests that artificially designed decoy proteins could be used to generate new recognition specificities in a particular plant.In this review,we summarize recent advances in research investigating PAMP recognition by PRRs and virulence effector surveillance by decoy proteins.Successful expansion of recognition specificities,conferred by the transgenic expression of EF-Tu receptor(EFR) and AvrPphB susceptible 1(PBS1) decoys,has highlighted the considerable potential of PRRs and artificially designed decoys to expand plant resistance spectra and the need to further identify novel PRRs and decoys.
