中学数学“说课”的实践和思考

中学数学“说课”是从数学课堂教学的基本要求出发，依据教育学理论和教师的教学理念，对教学内容进行教材组织和教学组织，在教学分析的基础上设计教学方案，并且在规定的时间里进行全面阐述的过程。因此，要正确认识说课的目的及意义，确认“说课”在中学数学教学中的价值，探讨数学说课的原则和方法，并对“说课”过程中可能涉及的问题进行建设性的思考。

“西学中源说”与“中学西源说”先后关系辨正——“西学中源说”是中华学者对于“中学西源说”的高级应对

“中学西源说”晚明就已出现,明清间中华学者提出过初级应对方案“中西并置说”,也提出过高级应对方案“西学中源说”。“西学中源说”的核心思想是“以中化西”,尽最大努力把“耶教文化”与“欧西学术”纳入“华夏文化”体系与“中华学术”框架之中。围绕此点,以王韬“中国为西土文教之先声”、陈炽“西法之本出乎中”、王仁俊“西学源于中书”三大典型高级应对方案为例,可提出“西学中源说”是中华学者对于“中学西源说”的高级应对这一观点。

信息技术与中学英语视听说教学的融合研究

本文简要概述信息技术与中学英语视听说教学融合的内涵,分析中学英语信息化教学的现状,探讨信息技术与中学英语视听说教学深度融合的策略。

浅谈农村小学语文课堂中的说话教学

保护学生表达欲望,使学生"敢"说;通过"听、读"训练,让他们"学"说;采取多种形式,让学生"练"说;发展思维能力,让他们"会"说。

Integrity of Four Theories on Natural Selection Unit

[Objective] The aim was to study the internal relationship of the four theories on natural selection unit. [Method] The value field of fitness of heterozygote was investigated by constructing mathematical models, to clarify the internal relations of the four theories on natural selection unit. [Result] According to mathematical modes constructed in the study, only the mutated genes meet the requirements of natural selection on heterozygous and homozygous aspects, as well as show high fitness in heterozygous condition, could the mutated genes be kept, giving consideration to both individual and population adaptation. Thus, this methodology theoretically inte- grates the theories of individual selection, collective selection, and genetic selection as well as Kimura＇s neutral theory of health information. [Conclusion] The result of this study suggested that the four theories on natural selection unit can co-exist, and share common premises.

论英国伦敦会传教士艾约瑟与中西科技交流

如何处理基督教文化和儒教文化两大异质文化,成为19世纪中西文化交流中颇为复杂的问题。外国传教士对待中西文化的态度趋于两极。以利玛窦为代表的一些人为了减少传教的阻力,有认同儒学的倾向;另有些人以"文明和优等民族的代表"自居而无视中国文化;英国伦敦会传教士艾约瑟则提出"中学西源说"。

让孩子走进生动有趣的数学课堂

在现行的以班级教学为主的情况下,课堂是师生教育教学活动的主战场,是孩子学习的最主要渠道。 如何让课堂生动起来,是很多老师考虑的问题上。 特别是低年级的学生,他们的独立能力较弱,又活泼好动,而生动有趣的课堂就显得尤为重要。 生动有趣的课堂有助于促进学生的思维发展,有助于保护低年级学生的学习兴趣。

流水孤村花数朵,于无人处最销魂——教育家杜国庠功行的铭述追望

杜国庠澄海志学,东瀛修习。毕业归来,任教北京大学,兼行自由研究和个别教育,宣传新兴学说,剖析学校制度。出任中学校长,试行"亲爱力学"说。指导上海左翼文化团体的秘密活动,参加国民政府领导的抗战文化建设。战后在上海,有公开的文化身份,有隐匿的政治使命。1950年始,政治角色和文化角色合二为一,在学术复元、基础重建、制度改革、文化再造等方面,不舍昼夜。杜国庠的信仰与行动一体,性情与职业无隙,气节才望及其教育家形象,固不显扬。年谱、文编、诗文全集之类基础材料未备,有关论文不多,专题著作罕见。对这位摩诘稀声的教育家的研究应进一步加强。

A novel understanding about oxidization of glucose in term of Wuxing TCM theory

Yin-yang theory and Wuxing theory are the core parts of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）. Most of researches on Wuxing theory are based on the paradigm of TCM or Traditional Chinese Culture. It is an evitable challenge to interpret Wuxing theory in the term of biomolecular, biochemistry, stem cell and so on. The oxidation of glucose is the important pathway in cell and there are five basic factors which will be responsible for the undergoing of this reaction. The relationships among these factors are similar to Wuxing theory just like inter-promotion and inter-restraint. So, this understanding on Wuxing theory maybe take some advancement for the modernization of TCM.

Discussion on the Writing Techniques and Female Image Creation of Ling Shuhua＇s Novels

In the female writers of ＂5.4＂ , the quantity of Ling Shuhua＇ s works is not large, but the achievement isn＇t low because of her practiced skill and acute observation. By taking the novels for example, it is a reflection on three aspects： a kind of sad feeling under the poetic charm; the contrast of backward and new thought; the concealed comment and revealed value judgment. From these contrasts, people can know the Chinese female＇ s true state in the transition and the writer＇ s skill of fiction creation.

Ophthalmic Syndrome Differentiation System and Digital Chinese Medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ophthalmic syndrome differentiation is an ophthalmology-specific method for identifying syndromes based on the“Five Orbiculi”theory.It was devised by Professor Qing-Hua PENG through an unprecedented combination of syndrome element differentiation and ophthalmic clinical practices,based on the Clinical Terminology of Chinese Medical Diagnosis and Treatment-Syndromes of the National Standards of the People's Republic of China.This approach integrates an ophthalmic syndrome differentiation system with digital Chinese medicine(DCM),and proposes the extraction of syndrome elements of ophthalmic diseases from research on DCM.These elements are then quantified and organized to form a model of digital diagnosis and treatment specific to ophthalmology,which should help to achieve synergistic development of the ophthalmic syndrome differentiation system and DCM.

Characterization of Intellectuals in Short Stories ofNam Cao （Viemam） and Lu Xun （China）

Nam Cao and Lu Xun are among high-profile writers who gain wide appreciation. The movements of literary assert this over the latter half of recent century in our country. That reality persistently points us to an urgent need for researches on Nam Cao and Lu Xun. Tints of literary worldviews of Nam Cao and Lu Xun, though upon which numberless research works, both domestic and foreign, have provided multi-directional insights and exploration of artistic creativities, remain misevaluated. B ich Thu, the author of Nam Cao, His Life and Legacies, counted out 191 articles and books themed Nam Cao. They were edited by writers of Nam Cao＇s generation namely Nguyen Huy Tuong, Nguyen Dinh Thi, To Hoai and Nguyen Hong, and even distinguished scholars such as Ha Minh Duc, Phong Le and Nguyen Dang Manh, so on. Regarding Lu Xun, there is no denying the fact of his brilliant artistic ideology. Although Vietnamese readers have gained a late knowledge of him for just a half of century, his name is laid somewhere in the heart of our people, integrally and consistently. Vietnam＇s reader generations restlessly learn about and research on Lu Xun. A pioneering merit badge should be rewarded to the renowned literary critic Dang Thai Mai, for his introduction and translation of Lu Xun to Vietnamese readers since 1943. The most interesting coincidence of Nam Cao and Lu Xun is that their profiles are imbued with the characters in their compositions. Mentioning Lu Xun cannot help a reference to AQ, meanwhile the name ofNam Cao apparently recalls a Philistine Chi. AQ as well as Philistine Chi have become characters of the society＇s spiritual life and long live with the eternal brilliance of their two creators. That coincidence draws countless number of researchers. The ＂matching point＂, referring to the subject of farmers and intellectuals, between Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s works has been explored to some certain extent. This elicitly invites us for deeper studies. The author of this article, in response to such invitation, delves into the subject with respect to characterization of intellectuals in Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s short stories.

East and West： Different Perceptions of Effective Ethos Exhibited in Chinese and American College Students＇ Persuasive Essays

This paper studies how different cultural values and rhetorical traditions may influence students＇ perceptions and understanding of effective ethos in persuasive essays. Fifty Chinese EFL （English as a foreign language） college students and 50 American college students participated in writing English persuasive essays on the selected topics. The essays were then compared for similarities and differences in the use of rhetorical appeals with a focus on ethos, the credibility, and trustworthiness of an author. The study revealed that participants from both groups established ethos as an important rhetorical tool to persuade the audience to accept their viewpoints. However, they displayed different perceptions of what effective ethos entailed. For Chinese participants, effective ethos seemed to come from using detailed explanations that reflected an author＇s intention to advocate an ethical or moral message based on some Chinese cultural values. But, strong ethos for American participants appeared to mean the use of evidence--facts and personal testimony--to establish the writer＇s trustworthiness. The interpretation of the results from the perspective of different cultural value orientations was also discussed.

Translation Study on Figurative Rhetoric in Folding Beijing From the Perspective of Skopos Theory

HAO Jing-fang, a Chinese writer with her novel Folding Beoing, was awarded the 2016 Hugo Award, the top award in global science fiction community, the second for Chinese science fiction writers after LIU Ci-xin for his The Three-Body Problem, which stroke a strong shockwave to the science fiction community around the world. It cannot be denied that Ken LIU＇s translation has played an irreplaceable role in the success of Folding Beijing Unfortunately, there are a few studies on LIU＇s translation of Folding Beoing, let alone with Skopos theory. This paper refers to massive studies on it by scholars at home and abroad and is based on a careful reading of Folding Beifing, its translation counterpart and concludes that the translator adopts Skopos theory in translating figurative rhetoric by linking the three basic roles with the LIU＇s ideas on translation. This paper studies the translation on the figurative rhetoric in Folding Beijing and extracts so many typical sentences as to certify the flexible strategies and methods adopted by the author under Skopos theory, which conforms to the reading habit and taste of the target audience and provides a paradigm for the future translation of Chinese science fictions

Enlightenment of New Economy on the Development of Chinese Economy

This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of strategies for China to develop economic internationalization.

“做中学”让我的高中生物常态课更高效

新课程提倡体现以学生为主体，以“探究”为中心的教学方式，而“做中学”理念的精髓在于让学生在实践中观察和思考，以悟得新知。通过“做中学”在生物常态课中具体运用预中学、说中学、探中学和教中学的4个，努力创造各种“做中学”的情境，使学生的主体地位得到充分发挥，从而实现生物常态课的高效性。

Features analysis of five-element theory and its basal effects on construction of visceral manifestation theory

OBJECTIVE:To study the Chinese ancient five-element theory,one of the philosophical foundations of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theory construction,from the perspective of comtemporary cognitive science,and to reveal the important functions of five-element theory in the construction of TCM theory.METHODS:The basic effects of five-element theory in the construction of TCM theory are intensively expounded and proved from the following aspects:embodiment of five-element theory in cognizing the world,quasi axiom of five-element theory in essence,classification thery of family resemblance and deductive inference pattern of five-element theory,and the openness and expansibility of five-element theory.RESULTS:If five-element theory is considered acognitive pattern or cognitive system related to culture,then there should be features of cognitive embodiment in the cognitive system.If five-element theory is regarded as a symbolic system,however,then there should be a quasi-axiom for the system,and inferential deduction.If,however,five-element theory is taken as a theoretical constructive metaphor,then there should be features of opening and expansibility for the metaphor.CONCLUSION:Based on five-element theory,this study provides a cognitive frame for the construction of TCM(a medicine that originated in China,and is characterized by holism and treatment based on pattern identification differentiation)theory with the function of constructing a concept base,thereby implying further research strategies.Useful information may be produced from the creative inferences obtained from the incorporation of five-element theory.

Distinguishing ＂Chan＂ and ＂Quan＂—— A Discussion of the Publicness of Chanshi

The way written hanyu （language of China＇s Han people; Chinese） forms its characters places a high value on intuition, openness and sharing. ＂Publicness＂ is an essential characteristic of chanshi 阐述 and this attests to our argument. The chan 阐 in chanshi 阐述 （free interpretation） and the quan in quanshi 诠释 （exegesis） have profound philosophical and historical sources. The openness and publicness of chan 阐 seek outwardness, explicitness and clarity, holding firmly to the basic claims of dialogue and negotiation, thus containing some brilliant and constructive ideas to the cutting edge of contemporary hermeneutics. Quan 诠 is oriented toward the real, the detailed, the full and the demonstrable, qualities that look to the thing in itself, and it holds firmly to moving from textual research to meaning and significance; it shines forth in the national spirit of seeking truth. There were two approaches to hermeneutics in ancient China： one stressed the quan 诠 of research on ancient texts, the other the chan 阐 of intent. Each has its merits, and the two are compatible. With Chinese discourse as the mainstay, classical hermeneutics as a resource, and contemporary Western hermeneutics as a reference, we can use comparison, selection and the ascertaining of meaning to start from concepts and go on to categories, and then to propositions followed by schemata and thence to systems, finally realizing the modern metamorphosis of the views and theories of traditional hermeneutics, establishing a contemporary Chinese hermeneutics that highlights Chinese concepts, thought and theories.

Understanding association of spleen system with earth on Traditional Chinese Medicine theory

OBJECTIVE: The association of spleen system including both spleen and stomach with earth, one of the five elements, is a part of the theory of five elements. Practitioners of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used the theory as a reasoning tool to illustrate the Zang-Fu organs' physiological functions and the interaction among them.The exploration of how the theory of that spleen system is associated with earth was created may provide insights into how five-element theory is applied to TCM practice. METHODS: Using analogism as a method to explore the relationship between earth and spleen system inTCM. RESULTS: Chinese ancestors experienced and observed the features of earth from agricultural practice and used the knowledge for the explanation ofspleen system functions including physiological functions, pathological characteristics and for the treatment of related illnesses. CONCLUSION: The theory of the five elements in TCM is a kind of metaphor, which depends on observation and exploration of the natural world and experience of human beings.

以《易》为焦点的中西文化源头论争与会通

西方“索隐派”以“赫耳墨斯思想”为依据,以“三重伟大”作为沟通基督教和异教思想的突破口。他们对《易经》予以高度关注,试图建立伏羲等中国上古人物与《圣经》纪年的对应关系,并从《易经》中寻找上帝的启示,倡导“中学西源说”。“索隐派”的本意是调和中西文化的冲突与矛盾,却引起了中国士大夫的回击,“中学西源说”亦被中国士人转化为“西学中源说”和“中国文明独立起源说”。在双方论证“中学西源”或“西学中源”的过程中,《易经》均发挥了沟通中西学术的桥梁作用。