调“神”干预肺癌转移延长小鼠生存期研究

目的:构建血道转移模型,从神经-内分泌-免疫学角度探讨调“神”预防肺癌转移的作用及机制。方法:采用巨猫牌R3H仓鼠饲养笼(84 cm×48.5 cm×45 cm),辅以跑步轮、隧道、木制玩具、小木屋和筑巢材料,构建小鼠富集饲养环境;以普通饲养笼作为小鼠标准饲养环境进行对照。采用小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞在C57BL/6小鼠上分别建立皮下移植瘤模型和尾静脉注射肺转移模型,观察不同饲养环境对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长、肺转移和小鼠生存期的影响;采用流式细胞术检测小鼠外周血中的免疫细胞水平;采用ELISA检测小鼠血清中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平;采用HE染色和免疫组化技术检测小鼠肺脏病理情况及转移前微环境相关指标。结果:富集环境组荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤大小、瘤重、肺转移灶数目等均显著低于标准环境组(P<0.05,P<0.01),且富集环境组小鼠生存期显著长于标准环境组(P<0.01)。两组小鼠之间脾脏指数及胸腺指数无显著差异。小鼠外周血中的髓源性抑制细胞(MDSCs)比例在标准环境组中显著升高(P<0.01);而CD_(4)^(+)T细胞、CD_(8)^(+)T细胞、NK、Tregs、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平在两组之间无显著差异。小鼠肺脏免疫组化结果显示富集环境组S100A9的表达水平明显高于标准环境组(P<0.05);而CD_(3)^(+)T细胞、CD_(4)^(+)T细胞、S100A8、MMP9的表达无明显差异。结论:引入富集环境模型,模拟临床调“神”干预,可通过降低小鼠外周血中MDSCs水平,干预免疫逃逸的发生,从而达到抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长和肺转移,以及延长小鼠生存期的作用。

自拟调神散联合八段锦治疗糖尿病患者合并焦虑抑郁状态的临床疗效观察及对炎症因子的影响

目的观察自拟调神散联合八段锦治疗糖尿病患者合并焦虑抑郁状态的临床疗效及对炎症因子的影响。方法将68例糖尿病合并焦虑抑郁状态的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各34例。两组患者均接受基础治疗方案。对照组加用氟哌噻吨美利曲辛片口服,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上给予自拟调神散联合八段锦治疗。两组均治疗3个月,然后观察患者治疗前后中医证候总积分、患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)评分、广泛性焦虑自评量表-7(GAD-7)评分、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(PPG)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)以及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的变化情况。结果治疗后,治疗组患者的中医证候总积分、PHQ-9评分、GAD-7评分、FBG、PPG、hs-CRP、IL-2以及IL-6均明显改善(P<0.01)。结论自拟调神散联合八段锦治疗糖尿病患者合并焦虑抑郁状态,具有良好的临床疗效,并且能纠正患者的焦虑抑郁状态,同时能调节患者体内紊乱的糖代谢,抑制相关炎症因子的表达。

肾气丸加减联合通督调神针刺辅助治疗脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱肾阳虚证20例临床观察

目的观察肾气丸加减方口服联合通督调神针刺辅助治疗脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱肾阳虚证的临床疗效。方法将46例患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各23例。两组患者均给予常规治疗,即口服甲钴胺片(每次0.5 mg、每日3次)和截瘫常规针刺治疗(每日1次、每周连续6日);对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予膀胱功能康复训练治疗;治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上给予口服肾气丸加减中药汤剂(每日1剂、早晚各150 ml温服)联合通督调神针刺(每日1次、每周连续6日),疗程均为4周。比较两组治疗前后的24 h排尿次数、24 h漏尿次数、24 h单次尿量、膀胱残余尿量、国际下尿路症状(LUTS)评分、中医证候积分,治疗后统计临床疗效、中医证候疗效。结果本研究最终纳入疗效分析治疗组和对照组患者各20例。与本组治疗前比较,两组治疗后24 h排尿次数、24 h漏尿次数、膀胱残余尿量、LUTS评分、中医证候积分均减少,24 h单次尿量增加(P<0.01);且治疗后治疗组各指标改善情况均优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。治疗组临床和中医证候总有效率均为85.00%(17例/20例),均高于对照组(临床总有效率为45.00%,9例/20例;中医证候总有效率为60.00%,12例/20例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论肾气丸加减方口服联合通督调神针刺辅助治疗脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱肾阳虚证能显著改善患者临床症状,疗效优于单纯膀胱功能康复训练,其作用机制可能与改善支配膀胱的受损神经功能有关。

Optical-neural Stimulation in Non-human Primates:Modulating Brain Function and Behavior

Optical-neural stimulation,which encompasses cutting-edge techniques such as optogenetics and infrared neurostimulation,employs distinct mechanisms to modulate brain function and behavior.These advanced neuromodulation techniques offer accurate manipulation of targeted areas,even selectively modulating specific neurons,in the brain.This makes it possible to investigate the cause-and-effect connections between neural activity and behavior,allowing for a better comprehension of the intricate brain dynamics towards complex environments.Non-human primates serve as an essential animal model for investigating these complex functions in brain research,bridging the gap between the basic research and clinical applications.One of the earliest optical studies utilizing optogenetic neuromodulation in monkeys was conducted in 2009.Since then,the optical-neural stimulations have been effectively applied in non-human primates.This review summarises recent research that employed optogenetics or infrared neurostimulation techniques to regulate brain function and behavior in non-human primates.The current state of optical-neural stimulations discussed here demonstrates their efficacy in advancing the understanding of brain systems.Nevertheless,there are still challenges that need to be addressed before they can fully achieve their potential.

中国古代音乐理论与传统中医养生

我国是一个非常注重音乐养生的国度,经典著作《吕氏春秋》、《黄帝内经》等对此都有过很多深入的探讨。中国古代音乐养生的作用主要体现在调"情"养生、调"气"养生及调"神"养生等方面。

Roles of TRESK,a novel two-pore domain K+channel,in pain pathway and general anesthesia

TRESK is the most recently reported two-pore domain K^＋ channel, and different from other two-pore domain channels in gene, molecular structure, electrophysiological and pharmacological properties. Although the current knowledge of this potassium channel is inadequate, researches have demonstrated that TRESK is remarkablely linked to acute and chronic pain by activation of calcineurin. The fact that TRESK is sensitive to volatile anesthetics and localization in central nerve system implies that TRESK may play a very important role in the mechanism mediating general anesthesia. The further research of TRESK may contribute to explore the underlying mechanism of some pathological conditions and yield novel treatments for some diseases.

Effect of Weak Noise on the Frequency Tuning of Mouse Inferior Collicular Neurons

In order to study the effect of weak noise on the sound signal extraction of mouse (Mus musculus Km) inferior collicular (IC) neurons from environments,we examined the changes in frequency tuning curves (FTCs) of 32 neurons induced by a weak noise relative to 5 dB below minimum threshold of tone (reMT-5 dB) under free field stimulation conditions.The results were as follows:① There were three types of variations in FTCs,sharpened (34.4%),broadened (18.8%),and unaffected (46.9%),nevertheless,only the alteration of sharpened FTCs was statistically different.② Sharpness of frequency tuning induced by a reMT-5 dB noise was very strong.Q 10 and Q 30 of FTCs were increased by (34.42±17.04)% (P=0.026,n=11) and (46.34±22.88)% (P=0.009,n=7).③ The changes of inverse-slopes (ISs,kHz/dB) between high (IS high) and low (IS low) limbs of FTCs were dissymmetry.The IS high of FTCs decreased markedly (P=0.046,n=7),however,there was little change (P=0.947,n=7) in IS low.Our data revealed for the first time that the weak noise could sharpen frequency tuning and increase the sensitivity on the high frequency of sound signal in IC neurons of mouse.

INTRODUCTION TO PROF. YANG YUN-KUAN'S THE NEEDLING TECHNIQUE OF MIND REGULATION AND TAOISM CONCENTRATION

The combination of needling technique of Mind Regulation with Taoism Concentration is to promote the propagated sensation along the channels （PSC） and the needling sensation to the affected area in order to activate the potential regulation of human body. Prof. Yang Yun-kuan used this combination to treat some pain diseases, nervous system＇s diseases and intractable chronic diseases and got a better result than the general techniques, This is the introduction to the manipulation of this technique and its clinical application.

Fault isolation of air handling unit based on neural network

Aiming at various faults in an air conditioning system,the fault characteristics are analyzed.The influence of the faults on the energy consumption and thermal comfort of the system are also discussed.The simulation results show that the measurement faults of the supply air temperature can lead to the increase in energy consumption.According to the fault characteristics,a data-driven method based on a neural network is presented to detect and diagnose the faults of air handling units.First,the historical data are selected to train the neural network so that it can recognize and predict the operation of the system.Then,the faults can be diagnosed by calculating the relative errors denoting the difference between the measuring values and the prediction outputs.Finally,the fault diagnosis strategy using the neural network is validated by using a simulator based on the TRNSYS platform.The results show that the neural network can diagnose different faults of the temperature,the flow rate and the pressure sensors in the air conditioning system.

Regulation of axonal regeneration following the central nervous system injury in adult mammalian

It has been well established that the recovery ability of central nervous system （CNS） is very poor in adult mammals. As a result, CNS trauma generally leads to severe and persistent functional deficits. Thus, the investigation in this field becomes a ＂hot spot＂. Up to date, accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that the failure of CNS neurons to regenerate is not due to their intrinsic inability to grow new axons, but due to their growth state and due to lack of a permissive growth environment. Therefore, any successful approaches to facilitate the regeneration of injured CNS axons will likely include multiple steps： keeping neurons alive in a certain growth-state, preventing the formation of a glial scar, overcoming inhibitory molecules present in the myelin debris, and giving direction to the growing axons. This brief review focused on the recent progress in the neuron regeneration of CNS in adult mammals.

The pH control optimization in the crop fertigation system using ANN

pH regulation is a complicated and comprehensive technique in the crop fertigation system. In this paper, a method is put forward to improve the quality of pH regulation, using artificial neural network to map a nonlinear relationship between pH interfering factor and the switching frequency of pH control valve, which achieves the dynamic feedforward compensation to the main control system.

Regulatory genes controlling neural stem cells differentiation into neurons

The recent progress in neural stem cells （NSCs） research has shed lights on possibility of repair and restoration of neuronal function in neurodegenerative diseases using stem cells. Induction of stem cells differentiate into mature neurons is critical to achieve the clinical applications of NSCs. At present, molecular mechanisms modulating NSC differentiation are not fully understood. Differentiation of stem cells into neuronal and glial cells involves an array of changes in expression of transcription factors. Transcription factors then trigger the expression of a variety of central nervous system （CNS） genes that lead NSCs to differentiate towards different cell types. In this paper, we summarized the recent findings on the gene regulation of NSCs differentiation into neuronal cells.

CIPK9: a calcium sensor-interacting protein kinase required for low-potassium tolerance in Arabidopsis

Potassium is one of the major macro-nutrients essential for a number of cellular processes in plants. Low potassium level in the soil represents a limiting factor for crop production. Recent studies have identified potassium transporters that are involved in potassium acquisition, and some of them are critical for potassium nutrition under low potassium conditions. However, little is understood on the molecular components involved in low potassium signaling and responses. We report here the identification ofa calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase （CIPK9） as a critical regulator of low potassium response in ,Arabidopsis. The CIPK9 gene was responsive to abiotic stress conditions, and its transcript was inducible in both roots and shoots by potassium deprivation. Disruption of CIPK9 function rendered the mutant plants hypersensitive to low potassium media. Further analysis indicated that K^＋ uptake and content were not affected in the mutant plants, implying CIPK9 in the regulation of potassium utilization or sensing processes.

Relationship of functional gastrointestinal disorders and psychiatric disorders: Implications for treatment

This article revisits the links between psychopathology and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）, discusses the rational use of antidepressants as well as non-pharmacological approaches to the management of IBS, and suggests guidelines for the treatment of IBS based on an interdisciplinary perspective from the present state of knowledge. Relevant published literature on psychiatric disorders, especially somatization disorder, in the context of [BS, and literature providing direction for management is reviewed, and new directions are provided from findings in the literature. IBS is a heterogeneous syndrome with various potential mechanisms responsible for its clinical presentations. IBS is typically complicated with psychiatric issues, unexplained symptoms, and functional syndromes in other organ systems. Most IBS patients have multiple complaints without demonstrated cause, and that these symptoms can involve systems other than the intestine, e.g. bones and joints （fibromyalgia, temporomandibular joint syndrome）, heart （non-cardiac chest pain）, vascular （post-menopausal syndrome）, and brain （anxiety, depression）. Host IBS patients do not have psychiatric illness per se, but a range of psychoform （psychological complaints in the absence of psychiatric disorder） symptoms that accompany their somatoform （physical symptoms in the absence of medical disorder） complaints. It is not correct to label IBS patients as psychiatric patients （except those more difficult patients with true somatization disorder）. One mode of treatment is unlikely to be universally effective or to resolve most symptoms. The techniques of psychotherapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy can allow IBS patients to cope more readily with their illness. Specific episodes of depressive or anxiety disorders can be managed as appropriate for those conditions. Medications designed to improve anxiety or depression are not uniformly useful for psychiatric complaints in IBS, because the psychoform symptoms that sound similar to those seen in psychiatric disorders may not have the same significance in patients with IBS.

Backpropagation neural network method in data processing of ultrasonic imaging logging-while-drilling

The existing methods for extracting the arrival time and amplitude of ultrasonic echo cannot eff ectively avoid the local interference of ultrasonic signals while drilling,which leads to poor accuracy of the echo arrival time and amplitude extracted by an ultrasonic imaging logging-while-drilling tool.In this study,a demodulation algorithm is used to preprocess the ultrasonic simulation signals while drilling,and we design a backpropagation neural network model to fit the relationship between the waveform data and time and amplitude.An ultrasonic imaging logging model is established,and the finite element simulation software is used for forward modeling.The response under diff erent measurement conditions is simulated by changing the model parameters,which are used as the input layer of the neural network model;The ultrasonic echo signal is considered as a low-frequency signal modulated by a high-frequency carrier signal,and a low-pass fi lter is designed to remove the high-frequency signal and obtain the low-frequency envelope signal.Then the amplitude of the envelope signal and its corresponding time are extracted as an output layer of the neural network model.By comparing the application eff ects of the various training methods,we fi nd that the conjugate gradient descent method is the most suitable method for solving the neural network model.The performance of the neural network model is tested using 11 groups of simulation test data,which verify the eff ectiveness of the model and lay the foundation for further practical application.

Pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on intestinal mucosa: Not just trefoil peptides

Bombesin and neurotensin are neuropeptides which exert a wide spectrum of biological actions on gastrointestinal tissues influencing intestinal growth and adaptation, intestinal motility, blood flow, secretion, nutrient absorption and immune response. Based mainly on their well-established potent enterotrophic effect, numerous experimental studies investigated their potential positive effect on the atrophic or injured intestinal mucosa. These peptides proved to be effective mucosa-healing factors, but the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for this action remained unresolved. In a recently published study (World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(8): 1222-1230), it was shown that their protective effect on the intestine in experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease was related to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions. These results are in close agreement with our previous studies on jaundiced and hepatectomized rats that showed a regulatory effect of bombesin and neurotensin on critical cellular processes such as enterocyte' proliferation and death, oxidative stress and redox equilibrium, tight junctions' formation and function, and inflammatory response. The pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on diverse types of intestinal injury may justify their consideration for clinical trials.

Acupuncture for Treatment of Climacteric Syndrome—A Report of 35 Cases

To evaluate the effects of acupuncture for treatment of climacteric syndrome.Methods:The 65 cases in this series were randomly assigned to the acupuncture group (N=35) and the control group (N=30), with the former treated by acupuncture and the latter by medication respectively.The therapeutic effects were evaluated by means of the clinical outcome,improvement in the symptom scores and the results of radioimmunoassays.Results:In the acupuncture group,12 cases were cured,16 cases markedly effective,and 6 cases improved,the total effective rate being as high as 97.14%.The decrease in the symptom scores,and especially the elevation of the decreased E_2 level and the decrease of the increased FSH and LH levels, demonstrated that acupuncture therapy was superior to medication.Conclusion:Acupuncture for regulating the mental activities and reinforcing the kidney is an effective therapy for climacteric syndrome.

“Tong Guan Li Qiao” Acupuncture Therapy on Post-Stroke Dysphagia

The differences between the“Tong Guan Li Qiao”acupuncture therapy and the conventional and current other acupuncture methods for poststroke dysphagia are as follows:first,it adheres to the basic idea of "Xing Nao Kai Qiao"acupuncture therapy in selecting and combining acupoints,centers on the brain,and combines the dysphagia symptoms of the mouth,tongue,and throat-related orifices with the root cause of"brain";second,thereare strictand standard requirements intheacupuncture operation,that is,manipulation quantification.In addition to standardized twirling,lifting,and thrusting,the techniques of deep needling on the acupoints in the neck region,blood-letting puncturing at the posterior wallof the pharynx,and theneedling sensation of"like a fishbone getting stuck in the throat"are all unique.

Polyglutamine toxicity in non-neuronal cells

The neurodegenerative polyglutamine diseases are caused various disease proteins. Although these mutant proteins are by an expansion of unstable polyglutamine repeats in expressed ubiquitously in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, they cause selective degeneration of specific neuronal populations. Recently, increasing evidence shows that polyglutamine disease proteins also affect non-neuronal cells. However, it remains unclear how the expression of polyglutamine proteins in non-neuronal cells contributes to the course of the polyglutamine diseases. Here, we discuss recent findings about the expression of mutant polyglutamine proteins in non-neuronal cells and their influence on neurological symptoms. Understanding the contribution of non-neuronal polyglutamine proteins to disease progres- sion will help elucidate disease mechanisms and also help in the development of new treatment options.

Microsurgical efficacy in 326 children with tethered cord syndrome: a retrospective analysis

Tethered cord syndrome is a progressive disease with a typically insidious onset in infants and children, and which can lead to persistent progress of neurological deficits and a high rate of disability without timely intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the curative effect of microsurgery in children with different types of tethered cord syndrome. In this study, we analyzed 326 patients with tethered cord syndrome, aged from 2 months to 14 years old, who were followed for 3-36 months after microscopic surgery. Based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings, these patients were classified into five types： tight ilium terminale （53 cases）, lipomyelome- ningocele （55 cases）, lipomatous malformation （124 cases）, postoperative adhesions （56 cases）, and split cord malformation （38 cases）. All patients underwent microsurgery. Curative effects were measured before and 3 months after surgery by Spina Bifida Neurological Scale based on sensory and motor functions, reflexes, and bladder and bowel function. The results showed that Spina Bifida Neurological Scale scores improved in all five types after surgery. Overall effective rates in these patients were 75%. Effective rates were 91% in tight ilium terminale, 84% in lipomyelomeningocele, 65% in lipomatous malformation, 75% in postoperative adhesion, and 79% in split cord mal- formation. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that types of tethered cord syndrome （lipoma-type or not） and symptom duration before surgery were independent influencing factors of surgical outcome. These results show that therapeutic effect is markedly different in patients with different types of tethered cord syndrome. Suitable clinical classification for tethered cord syndrome will be helpful in predicting prognosis and guiding treatment. This trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry （registration number： ChiCTR1800016464）.