During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalit...During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalities, the size of non-standard jobs expanded rapidly in China＇s urban labor market. As a result of this, the concept of working poor has become increasingly applicable to social and labor market realities in China, Based on the household survey data and by using quantitative analysis, this paper attempts to examine the interaction between the compulsory minimum wage standards and the working poor in the period of China＇s economic transition. The results show that for those whose monthly wages higher than the compulsory minimum wage standards were less likely to work poor and that workers with wages lower than the minimum wage floor were vulnerable to working poor, which supported the expectation that the implementation of compulsory minimum wages would help to reduce the risk of being a member among the working poor in China＇s urban labor market.展开更多
The optimization of the valve plate transition region is an important way of reducing the noise emission for an axial piston pump. However, the optimized methods through simulation or experiment are actually trial and...The optimization of the valve plate transition region is an important way of reducing the noise emission for an axial piston pump. However, the optimized methods through simulation or experiment are actually trial and error, and they cannot indicate the precise structural parameters of the valve plate transition region. In this study, a new design method for the transition region of valve plate based on the matching of flow area and reduction of transient reverse flow was proposed, and with which a valve plate was designed. Then, the impact of the flow ripple in the discharge line of an axial piston pump and the pressure overshoot and undershoot in the piston chamber on hydraulic and structural noise for axial piston pump is discussed. The noise reduction effect of the axial piston pump with this valve plate was analyzed by adopting a flow characteristic simulation model. Finally, the results showed that the application of this design method could contribute much to the reduction of the flow ripple and elimination of the pressure overshoot and undershoot. As a consequence, the method can be used in the design of a low-noise open circuit axial piston pump.展开更多
文摘During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalities, the size of non-standard jobs expanded rapidly in China＇s urban labor market. As a result of this, the concept of working poor has become increasingly applicable to social and labor market realities in China, Based on the household survey data and by using quantitative analysis, this paper attempts to examine the interaction between the compulsory minimum wage standards and the working poor in the period of China＇s economic transition. The results show that for those whose monthly wages higher than the compulsory minimum wage standards were less likely to work poor and that workers with wages lower than the minimum wage floor were vulnerable to working poor, which supported the expectation that the implementation of compulsory minimum wages would help to reduce the risk of being a member among the working poor in China＇s urban labor market.
基金the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China，the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The optimization of the valve plate transition region is an important way of reducing the noise emission for an axial piston pump. However, the optimized methods through simulation or experiment are actually trial and error, and they cannot indicate the precise structural parameters of the valve plate transition region. In this study, a new design method for the transition region of valve plate based on the matching of flow area and reduction of transient reverse flow was proposed, and with which a valve plate was designed. Then, the impact of the flow ripple in the discharge line of an axial piston pump and the pressure overshoot and undershoot in the piston chamber on hydraulic and structural noise for axial piston pump is discussed. The noise reduction effect of the axial piston pump with this valve plate was analyzed by adopting a flow characteristic simulation model. Finally, the results showed that the application of this design method could contribute much to the reduction of the flow ripple and elimination of the pressure overshoot and undershoot. As a consequence, the method can be used in the design of a low-noise open circuit axial piston pump.
