牙用塑料自控调合器与自控热处理机

牙用型料自控调合器与自拉热处理机是对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)聚合和热处理的新型理想设备。可使 PMMA 从调合到热冶的全部过程实行程序控制下的最佳处理,从而达到提高工作效率,保证修复体质量,节省原材料和能源,减少环境污染的目的。

旋转喷嘴调合器在油品调合中的应用

旋转喷嘴调合器设备简单、易操作、投资小、管理方便、勿需维护、没有死角区,具有降低能耗、减少蒸发损耗、减少调合时间提高调合效率、加快油罐周转等优点,在国内炼厂轻质油品调合中有着广泛应用。鉴于此,在经过2009年进行扩能改造后,中国石化长岭分公司开始在柴油管道调合、汽油在线调合、汽油在线添加MMT(甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰)等领域应用旋转喷嘴调合器。应用后分析数据表明:柴油罐上、中、下分层闪点绝对差值不大于2℃,凝固点绝对差值不大于0.5℃,密度绝对差值不大于0.5kg/m3,符合调合要求;汽油罐上、中、下分层抗爆指数(AKI)、研究法的辛烷值(RON)绝对差值不大于0.1,密度绝对差值不大于0.3kg/m3,符合调合要求。此外,应用旋转喷嘴调合器和在线调合系统后,汽油罐调合交库时间缩短了10h以上;汽油罐区库容相对改造前的2008年下降近40%,而产量增加50%,罐区油罐周转天数减少50%以上,完全满足了低库容大产量情况下的汽油生产要求。

旋转喷嘴调合器在油品调合中的应用

旋转喷嘴调合器在我国炼厂轻质油品调合中的应用越来越广泛,为了以高效率生产出更多高质量的油品,从油品调合的定义及方法出发,简要分析了旋转喷嘴调合器的工作原理,并在此基础上探讨了旋转喷嘴调合器在油品调合中的实际应用。

油品高效调合器在汽油调合中的工业应用

锦西石化分公司调合装置汽油罐区原来采用的汽油调合方法是,管道在线调合与固定喷嘴调合相结合的方式。由于固定喷嘴调合的诸多缺点,决定在新建汽油罐区中采用油品高效调合器与管道在线调合相结合的方法进行汽油调合。油品高效调合器投用后,提高了调合效率,减少了调合时间,降低了机泵损耗、能耗和罐内介质的油品损耗,提高了油罐的周转利用率,减轻了工人的劳动强度;同时还达到了节能、安全、环保的要求。

沃尔自动调合器的调试及初步应用

介绍了沃尔自动调合器的原理、调试和应用。

微型银汞合金调制器的临床应用效果分析

目的:比较微型银汞合金调制器与银汞调合器的临床应用效果。方法:随机将需要进行窝洞充填的698颗恒牙分为实验组和对照组,常规备洞、消毒、干燥后用银汞合金充填。实验组采用微型银汞合金调制器调和银汞合金,对照组采用市售电动银汞调合器调和银汞合金。结果:实验组成功率为85.03%,对照组成功率为86.63%,两者无统计学意义(χ2=0.1934,P>0.5)。结论:微型银汞合金调制器调和银汞合金能满足临床要求。

Crystalline and amorphous metal sulfide composite electrode materials with long cycle life:Preparation and performance of hybrid capacitors

Crystalline@amorphous NiCo_(2)S_(4)@MoS_(2)(v-NCS@MS)nanostructures were designed and constructed via an ethylene glycol-induced strategy with hydrothermal synthesis and solvothermal method,which simultaneously realized the defect regulation of crystal NiCo_(2)S_(4) in the core.Taking advantage of the flexible protection of an amor-phous shell and the high capacity of a conductive core with defects,the v-NCS@MS electrode exhibited high specif-ic capacity(1034 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1))and outstanding rate capability.Moreover,a hybrid supercapacitor was assembled with v-NCS@MS as cathode and activated carbon(AC)as anode,which can achieve remarkably high specific energy of 111 Wh·kg^(-1) at a specific power of 219 W·kg^(-1) and outstanding capacity retention of 80.5%after 15000 cycling at different current densities.

A New High Performance FM Transmitter

A new FM transmitter is reported. It adopts a fractional-N PLL synthesizer to realize the FM modulator. An extra offset current has also been applied to eliminate the effects of the mismatch in CP. The chip is fabricated with CSMC 0.5μm DPTM CMOS technology. Experiments show that it achieves THD≤0.08% and SNR≤ 82dB,and the maximum outband emission energy ≤ 90dBc/Hz. Furthermore,it also uses an auto frequency adjusting method to avoid tuning up the external inductances. All these merits are very suitable for FM transmission.

Oil-Film Clutch in Soft-Start of Belt Conveyor

The oil film clutch, which is superior in speed adjustment, is capable of being used in the belt conveyor to carry out soft start operation. According to running properties of both belt conveyor and oil film clutch, equations that are used to decide the lubricating oil flow and the number of oil films (i.e. the number of rotating and stationary plates) are deduced theoretically. Also key parameters are provided for the design of the hydraulic system. All these together provide the theoretical basis for the soft start design of the belt conveyor and references for the application of the oil film clutch in similar fields.

Experimental comparison between corona and contact poling for EO polymer modulators

Two different poling techniques-corona poling and contact poling in the backdrop of electro-optic （EO） polymer modulators are compared. A 3-layer structure EO polymer modulator is prepared for the poling. The poling setups and procedures of these two different methods are given. It is found that a well-controlled precure step is very critical, otherwise it will result in either lower poling efficiency or damaged film. Experimental results show that contact poling does not create severe surface damage as corona poling and poling voltage is much lower, but corona poling provides higher EO effect than contact poling. Besides, contact poling can provide poling size as large as the substrate size.

Mach-Zehnder Electro-Optic Polymer Modulator with C orona Poled Core Layer

A Mach-Zehnder(MZ) electro-optic(EO) modulator are real iz ed,with three optical layers as polymer materials.The functional layer is the co rona poled crosslinkable polyurethane.The ridge waveguide is fabricated by using the spin-coating,poling,photolithography and oxygen reactive ion etching(RIE) techniques.The mode and the modulation properties of these devices are demonstra ted in a micron control system,while the light source works at the wavelength of 1 31 or 1 55 micron.

Digital Coarse Tuning Loop for Wide-Band Fast-Settling Dual-Loop Frequency Synthesizers

A new coarse tuning loop for a wide-band dual-loop frequency synthesizer is presented. The coarse tuning structure is composed of two digital modules, including a successive approximation register and a frequency comparator with a novel structure. The frequency comparator counts the prescaler cycles within a certain reference time and compares the number with preset data to estimate the VCO frequency. The frequency comparison error is analyzed in detail. Within a given coarse tuning time,our proposed structure shows a comparison error 20 times smaller than that of other reported structures. This structure also reuses the programmable divider as a part of the coarse tuning loop so that the circuit is greatly simplified.

Modulation instability of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers

The nonlinear coupled-mode equations are rewritten by even and odd modes.We study modulation instability(MI) of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers when either even or odd mode is launched alone by using zero-dispersion wavelength relatively long(quasi-cw) pulses.The result shows that there are new types of MI in both the normal-dispersion and the anomalous-dispersion regimes.MI is concerned with forth-order dispersion and has no relation with third-order dispersion.Quasi-cw can be changed into pulses array under certain conditions.We can extract super short pulse from this.Furthermore,the bandwidth of gain spectra widens and its strength accretes as the input power increases.

Systematic review of modulators of benzodiazepine receptors in irritable bowel syndrome:Is there hope?

Several drugs are used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） but all have side effects and variable efficacy. Considering the role of the gut-brain axis, immune, neural, and endocrine pathways in the patho- genesis of IBS and possible beneficial effects of benzodiazepines （BZD） in this axis, the present systematic review focuses on the efficacy of BZD receptor modulators in human IBS. For the years 1966 to February 2011, all literature was searched for any articles on the use of BZD receptor modulators and IBS. After thorough evaluation and omission of duplicate data, 10 out of 69 articles were included. BZD receptor modulators can be helpful, especially in the diarrhea-dominant form of IBS, by affecting the inflammatory, neural, and psychologic pathways, however, controversies still exist. Recently, a new BZD receptor modulator, dextofisoparn was synthesized and studied in human subjects, but the studies are limited to phase 11 b clinical trials. None of the existing trials considered the neuroimmunomodulatory effect of BZDs in IBS, but bearing in mind the concentration- dependent effect of BZDs on cytokines and cell proliferation, future studies using pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic approaches are highly recommended.

A Preliminary Evaluation of Global and East Asian Cloud Radiative Effects in Reanalyses

Cloud radiative effects （CREs） at the top of the atmosphere （TOA） in three reanalysis datasets （the Eur- opean Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts In- terim Reanalysis （ERA-Interim）, the Japanese 55-yr Re- analysis Project （JRA-55）, and the Modem-Era Retro- spective Analysis for Research and Applications （MERRA）） are evaluated using recent satellite-based observations. The reanalyses can basically capture the spatial pattern of the annual mean shortwave CRE, but the global mean longwave CRE in ERA-interim and JRA55 is weaker than observed, leading to overestimations of the net CRE. Moreover, distinct CRE biases of the reanalyses occur in the Intertropical Convergence Zone （ITCZ）, coastal Pa- cific and Atlantic regions, and East Asia. Quantitative examination further indicates that the spatial correlations of CREs and TOA upward radiation fluxes with corre- sponding observations in ERA-Interim are better than in the other two reanalyses. Although MERRA has certain abilities in producing the magnitudes of global mean CREs, its performance in terms of spatial correlations in winter and summer are worse than for the other two re- analyses. The ability of JRA55 in reflecting CREs lies between the other two datasets. Compared to the global mean results, the spatial correlations of shortwave CRE in East Asia decrease and the biases of regional mean CREs increase in the three reanalyses. This implies that, cur- rently, it is still difficult to reproduce East Asian CREs based on these reanalyses. Relatively, ERA-Interim de- scribes the seasonal variation of East Asian CREs well, albeit weaker than observed. The present study also sug- gests that in-depth exploration of the ability of reanalysis data to describe aspects relating to cloud properties and rad- iation is needed usin~ more comprehensive observations.

Analysis and Design of a ΔΣ Modulator for Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis

This paper presents the design considerations and implementation of a novel topology digital multistage-noise-shaping （MASH） delta-sigma modulator suitable for fractional-N phase-locked-loop （PLL） frequency synthesis. In an effort to reduce the complexity and dissipation,a pipeline technique has been used, and the proposed carry save tree （CST） algorithm optimizes the multi-input adder structure. The circuit has been verified through Matlab simulation, ASIC implementation, and FPGA experiment, which exhibits high performance and potential for a gigahertz range,low-power monolithic CMOS frequency synthesizer.

Structural Fiscal Regulation and Choice of Instruments in the New Normal

Based on the overall consideration of individual behaviors of Ricardian and non-Ricardian households, this paper develops a New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium(DSGE) model to form a relatively systematic research framework for analyzing the economic effects of structural fiscal instruments. Our study findsthat great differences exist in the macroeconomic effects of different fiscal instruments, suggesting that the government should prudently select these fiscal instruments in fiscal macro-control. The simulating results of fiscal shocks show that the effect of tax cut is superior to the effect of increased spending. In the context of slowing economic growth and less potent stimulation policy, the government should transform its previous regulatory approach of fiscal policy and shift from hefty spending stimulus policy to structural tax cuts. This paper believes that China should step up the implementation of public-private partnership, increase its spending on social security, healthcare, pension and public services and facilitate the transition toward a service-based government; and that tax policy should focus on structural tax cuts on consumption to promote the transition of demand structure toward consumption-driven.

Strip Waveguide Directional Coupling Modulator with Equivalent Refractive Index

The equivalent refractive index（ERI） method is employed to analyze the function of the strip waveguide directional coupling modulator（SWM）. Through deducing the diagnostic equation of the Exmn mode of the four-layer media film waveguide equivalent to the SWM,the transmission constant of the symmetrical mode of the positive phase and negative one and the coupling length of powerful transference are obtained. The veracity of ERI is validated with the example of Ex11 basal mode under conditions of comparing the three results of ERI,EIM and Marcatili.

RRAS:A key regulator and an important prognostic biomarker in biliary atresia

AIM:To characterize the differentially expressed gene profiles in livers from biliary atresia (BA) patients including,ascertain genes,functional categories and pathways that play a central role in the pathogenesis of BA,and identify the novel prognostic markers for BA.METHODS:Liver tissue samples from control patients,neonatal cholestasis patients,and BA patients at the age of < 60 d,60-90 d,and > 90 d were pooled for DNA microarray analysis.Bioinformatics analysis was performed using,series test cluster of gene ontology,and Pathway-Finder software.Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm changes in selected genes.Relation between RRAS gene expression and prognosis of 40 BA patients was analyzed in a 2-year follow-up study.RESULTS:The 4 identified significant gene expression profiles could confidently separate BA liver tissue from normal and other diseased liver tissues.The included genes were mainly involved in inflammation response and reconstruction of cellular matrix.The significant pathways associated with BA were primarily involved in autoimmune response,activation of T lymphocytes and its related cytokines.The RRAS,POMC,SLC26A6 and STX3 genes were important regulatory modules in pathogenesis of BA.The expression of RRAS was negatively correlated with the elimination rate of jaundice and positively correlated with the occurrence rate of cholangitis.CONCLUSION:Autoimmune response mediated by T lymphocytes may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of BA.The RRAS gene is an important regulatory module in the pathogenesis of BA,which may serve as a novel prognostic marker for BA.

Nonlinear Liquid Crystal Polymer and Its Applications

The transparent solid medium of a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer have a comb structure of mesogenic side chains which exhibit a nonlinear optical response of electronic origin.The main chain of the liquid crystal polymers can be selected from a number of suitable polymerized monomeric and comonomeric structures such as polyvinyl,polysiloxane,polyoxyalkylene, polyester etc.The electrooptic light modulator is provided,which have potential to using in the systems of laser modulation and deflection,and information control in optical circuitry etc.