英语是一种分析性语言,词尾变化比较简单,而语序十分重要。如在“The man kill-ed the tiger”和“The tiger killed the man”两个句子中,尽管所用词一样,由于语序不同,意思完全相反。在英语中,语序除了具有区别主语和宾语(如上例)的作...英语是一种分析性语言,词尾变化比较简单,而语序十分重要。如在“The man kill-ed the tiger”和“The tiger killed the man”两个句子中,尽管所用词一样,由于语序不同,意思完全相反。在英语中,语序除了具有区别主语和宾语(如上例)的作用,还具有区别直接宾语和间接宾语、逻辑主语和逻辑谓语的作用。除此以外,它还有表示某种感情色彩或文体效果的功能。所以有目的地调整某一词语或词组在句中的位置是英语语法上的一种十分有效的强调方法。语法学家普遍认为句首和句末是句中的重要位置。句首之所以重要是因为列在句首的词语最先映入眼帘,是给予读者的第一信息。这第一信息往往能起到先入为主的作用,从而引起读者的注意,并留下较深的印象。句末之所以重要则是因为句末的词语最后读完。展开更多
在独立结构中,作逻辑谓语的动词用现在分词还是用过去分词形式,主要看逻辑主谓语之间的关系。如果是主动关系,则用现在分词,如果是被动关系,则应用过去分词。例如: Now the old man could walk only with Xiao Wangsupporting him. 现...在独立结构中,作逻辑谓语的动词用现在分词还是用过去分词形式,主要看逻辑主谓语之间的关系。如果是主动关系,则用现在分词,如果是被动关系,则应用过去分词。例如: Now the old man could walk only with Xiao Wangsupporting him. 现在只要由小王扶着这老人,他就能走了。 Xiao Wang(逻辑主语)与support(逻辑谓语)是主动关系。小王扶着老人。因此用现在分词supporting。 The job finished,he sat down to bave a rest. 工作完成了,他坐下休息一会儿。展开更多
被动意义指某些句子的主语与谓语或逻辑主语与逻辑谓语之间在意义上存在动宾关系,相当于被动句所表示的含义。例如;1.The ship is out of sight.相当于:The ship can not be seen.2.I like the film on show。相当于:I like the film th...被动意义指某些句子的主语与谓语或逻辑主语与逻辑谓语之间在意义上存在动宾关系,相当于被动句所表示的含义。例如;1.The ship is out of sight.相当于:The ship can not be seen.2.I like the film on show。相当于:I like the film that is being on show. 忽视带被动意义的结构,往往会引起理解或表达方面的失误。如有学生把“病人有生命危险”,译成"The patient’s life is dangerous”,把“这工作很危险”译成"The job is in danger",即是由于不了解dangerous表示主动意义,即“带来危险”之意,in danger表示被动意义即“处于危险”之意,而造成的表达不当。以下总结及举例说明英语中带有被动意义的四种常见情况。展开更多
Automatic Question Answer System(QAS)is a kind of high-powered software system based on Internet.Its key technology is the interrelated technology based on natural language understanding,including the construction of ...Automatic Question Answer System(QAS)is a kind of high-powered software system based on Internet.Its key technology is the interrelated technology based on natural language understanding,including the construction of knowledge base and corpus,the Word Segmentation and POS Tagging of text,the Grammatical Analysis and Semantic Analysis of sentences etc.This thesis dissertated mainly the denotation of knowledge-information based on semantic network in QAS,the stochastic syntax-parse model named LSF of knowledge-information in QAS,the structure and constitution of QAS.And the LSF model's parameters were exercised,which proved that they were feasible.At the same time,through "the limited-domain QAS" which was exploited for banks by us,these technologies were proved effective and propagable.展开更多
文摘英语是一种分析性语言,词尾变化比较简单,而语序十分重要。如在“The man kill-ed the tiger”和“The tiger killed the man”两个句子中,尽管所用词一样,由于语序不同,意思完全相反。在英语中,语序除了具有区别主语和宾语(如上例)的作用,还具有区别直接宾语和间接宾语、逻辑主语和逻辑谓语的作用。除此以外,它还有表示某种感情色彩或文体效果的功能。所以有目的地调整某一词语或词组在句中的位置是英语语法上的一种十分有效的强调方法。语法学家普遍认为句首和句末是句中的重要位置。句首之所以重要是因为列在句首的词语最先映入眼帘,是给予读者的第一信息。这第一信息往往能起到先入为主的作用,从而引起读者的注意,并留下较深的印象。句末之所以重要则是因为句末的词语最后读完。
文摘在独立结构中,作逻辑谓语的动词用现在分词还是用过去分词形式,主要看逻辑主谓语之间的关系。如果是主动关系,则用现在分词,如果是被动关系,则应用过去分词。例如: Now the old man could walk only with Xiao Wangsupporting him. 现在只要由小王扶着这老人,他就能走了。 Xiao Wang(逻辑主语)与support(逻辑谓语)是主动关系。小王扶着老人。因此用现在分词supporting。 The job finished,he sat down to bave a rest. 工作完成了,他坐下休息一会儿。
文摘被动意义指某些句子的主语与谓语或逻辑主语与逻辑谓语之间在意义上存在动宾关系,相当于被动句所表示的含义。例如;1.The ship is out of sight.相当于:The ship can not be seen.2.I like the film on show。相当于:I like the film that is being on show. 忽视带被动意义的结构,往往会引起理解或表达方面的失误。如有学生把“病人有生命危险”,译成"The patient’s life is dangerous”,把“这工作很危险”译成"The job is in danger",即是由于不了解dangerous表示主动意义,即“带来危险”之意,in danger表示被动意义即“处于危险”之意,而造成的表达不当。以下总结及举例说明英语中带有被动意义的四种常见情况。
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60305009)the Ph.D Degree Teacher Foundation of North China Electric Power University(Grant No.H0585).
文摘Automatic Question Answer System(QAS)is a kind of high-powered software system based on Internet.Its key technology is the interrelated technology based on natural language understanding,including the construction of knowledge base and corpus,the Word Segmentation and POS Tagging of text,the Grammatical Analysis and Semantic Analysis of sentences etc.This thesis dissertated mainly the denotation of knowledge-information based on semantic network in QAS,the stochastic syntax-parse model named LSF of knowledge-information in QAS,the structure and constitution of QAS.And the LSF model's parameters were exercised,which proved that they were feasible.At the same time,through "the limited-domain QAS" which was exploited for banks by us,these technologies were proved effective and propagable.
