Citric and malic acids at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mmol/L were added to three Ultisolsand one Oxisol. The amount of P in solution increased with increasing organic acid concentrations, while theaniount ...Citric and malic acids at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mmol/L were added to three Ultisolsand one Oxisol. The amount of P in solution increased with increasing organic acid concentrations, while theaniount of Fe- and Al-bound P decreased. This result suggested that naturally occurring products of organicmatter decomposition could increase the P availability to plants in soils where there is a relatively large poolof Fe- and Al-bound P.The interactions between citric and malic acids at the above concentrations. and P added at rates of10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg were determined. At zero levels of organic acids, all added P became either labileor bound, and greater proportions remained soluble as the concentration of organic acids increased, whichsuggested that organic acids reduced fixation of dissolved P in Fe- and AI-rich soils.Agricultural practices which increase organic matter input on P-deficient acid soiIs could decrease Pdeficiency. This would be important in many tropical and subtropical regions where these soils are common,and where the costs of fertilizers and lime are relatively high.展开更多
Bacillus subtilis produces many chemlcally-dwerse seconaary metaDolltes or interest to chemists ano biologlsts. Based on this, this review gives a detailed overview of the natural components produced by B. subtilis in...Bacillus subtilis produces many chemlcally-dwerse seconaary metaDolltes or interest to chemists ano biologlsts. Based on this, this review gives a detailed overview of the natural components produced by B. subtilis including cyclic lipopeptides, polypeptides, proteins （enzymes）, and non-peptide products. Their structures, bioactive ac- tivities and the relevant variants as novel lead structures for drug discovery are also described. The challenging effects of fermentation metabolites, isolation and purification, as well as the overproduction of bioactive com- pounds from B. subtilis by metabolic engineering, ＇~ere also highlighted. Systematically exploring biosynthetic routes and the functions of secondary metabolites from 13. subtilis may not only be beneficial in improving yields of the products, but also in helping them to be used in food industry and public medical service on a large-scale.展开更多
Symbionts are microorganisms residing in multicellular hosts(e.g., plants and animals), and they have been witnessed to be a rich source of diverse functional molecules. This review describes structures and biological...Symbionts are microorganisms residing in multicellular hosts(e.g., plants and animals), and they have been witnessed to be a rich source of diverse functional molecules. This review describes structures and biological activities of symbiont-derived secondary metabolites commonly referred to as "natural products", and highlights that symbiotic microbes represent an underexplored reservoir of natural products with unique scaffolds and promising significance in managing human healthcare and agricultural production.展开更多
文摘Citric and malic acids at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mmol/L were added to three Ultisolsand one Oxisol. The amount of P in solution increased with increasing organic acid concentrations, while theaniount of Fe- and Al-bound P decreased. This result suggested that naturally occurring products of organicmatter decomposition could increase the P availability to plants in soils where there is a relatively large poolof Fe- and Al-bound P.The interactions between citric and malic acids at the above concentrations. and P added at rates of10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg were determined. At zero levels of organic acids, all added P became either labileor bound, and greater proportions remained soluble as the concentration of organic acids increased, whichsuggested that organic acids reduced fixation of dissolved P in Fe- and AI-rich soils.Agricultural practices which increase organic matter input on P-deficient acid soiIs could decrease Pdeficiency. This would be important in many tropical and subtropical regions where these soils are common,and where the costs of fertilizers and lime are relatively high.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376215)the National Science and Technology Major Project of New Drug,China(2012ZX09103101-075)+2 种基金the Innovative Research Platform co-constructed by Zhejiang University and Taizhou City,and the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(2014C33174)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2011CB710803)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2012AA022302)
文摘Bacillus subtilis produces many chemlcally-dwerse seconaary metaDolltes or interest to chemists ano biologlsts. Based on this, this review gives a detailed overview of the natural components produced by B. subtilis including cyclic lipopeptides, polypeptides, proteins （enzymes）, and non-peptide products. Their structures, bioactive ac- tivities and the relevant variants as novel lead structures for drug discovery are also described. The challenging effects of fermentation metabolites, isolation and purification, as well as the overproduction of bioactive com- pounds from B. subtilis by metabolic engineering, ＇~ere also highlighted. Systematically exploring biosynthetic routes and the functions of secondary metabolites from 13. subtilis may not only be beneficial in improving yields of the products, but also in helping them to be used in food industry and public medical service on a large-scale.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2013AA092901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81121062,21132004,81421091)
文摘Symbionts are microorganisms residing in multicellular hosts(e.g., plants and animals), and they have been witnessed to be a rich source of diverse functional molecules. This review describes structures and biological activities of symbiont-derived secondary metabolites commonly referred to as "natural products", and highlights that symbiotic microbes represent an underexplored reservoir of natural products with unique scaffolds and promising significance in managing human healthcare and agricultural production.
