显著性概率地形图一些基础问题再探讨──老年组谱参量的性别差异和正态转换

目的显著性概率地形图（ＳＰＭ）临床应用有一些先决条件。我们重点探讨老年人脑电地形图（ＢＥＡＭ）谱参量有无性别差异，以及其中哪些参量近正态分布。方法对４３名老年右利健康人头部取５对（１０个）样点，将各点功率、相对功率Ⅰ和Ⅱ的四个经典频段（δ、θ、α、β）检测性别差异；然后将各参量进行Ｘ，Ｌｎ（Ｘ）、Ｌｏｇ（Ｘ）转换，用正态性Ｄ检验方法观察各参量转换前后的分布状态。结果功率有明显的性别差异（主要为δ和β频段及枕部α频段），相对功率则差别较少。转换前相对功率（尤以Ⅰ）近正态分布较佳，功率多数参量呈非正态；转换后相对功率的正态性改进不显，经Ｌｏｇ（Ｘ）转换则有明显改进，但仍不能完全满足统计学要求。结论老年人功率ＢＥＡＭ有明显的性别差异，功率Ⅰ大多数多量近正态分布，功率经Ｌｏｇ（Ｘ）转换后有一半参量分布转为正态。

海浪波面的信息熵与海浪的谱宽度参量

将信息熵（InformationEntropy）引入到海浪波面的研究。通过谱的参量化，建立了谱宽度参量P，R，ε2，v2与它们对应的信息熵之间的关系；这些谱宽度参量，皆可引入到波面与波高的分布函数之中，并指出谱宽度参量具有熵的含义。给出了海浪波面熵的一种合理表示。

风浪频谱的成长模型Ⅱ.三参量的风浪频谱随风区的增长关系

为研究三参量风浪频谱随风浪的成长关系,从而直观地描述风浪频谱成长过程中的超射现象,并证明三参量谱谱型的合理性。基于已得到的谱参量随风区的变化关系,对三参量风浪频谱以及风浪频谱成长过程中存在的"超射"现象作深入的研究,得到三参量风浪频谱随风区的成长关系:S(ω;_0,ω_0,B)=_0()/ω_0()B()[ω/ω_0()]^(-P())exp[-(p()/q())([ω/ω_0()]-(q())-1)]在此基础上,得到无因次风区:300、500、2000、5500、10000、15000下,风浪频谱的谱线,从而直观地描述了风浪频谱成长过程中的"超射"现象,并认为在风浪频谱的成长过程中确实存在着"超射"现象,但是该现象并不如Hasselmann等提出的理论中阐述的那样存在于风浪频谱成长的全过程,而是仅存在于风浪频谱成长的初期。随着风浪的不断成长,"超射"现象逐渐减弱,直到风浪接近充分成长,"超射"现象也随之逐渐消失。经过不同风区下实测数据的检验,证明S(ω,_0,ω_0,B)、S(ω,■,■,B)、S(ω;■,■,δ)以及S(ω,■,■,β)四种形式的三参量风浪频谱谱型是合理的,同时也进一步证明了谱的零阶矩、谱的峰频率、谱宽度、波高、周期、波陡和波龄随风区变化关系的正确性。

南海北部三参量风浪频谱数值模拟

基于OpenFOAM开源程序,采用侯一筠的三参量风浪频谱构造了适用于中国南海北部海域的不规则波浪。首先,在waves2Foam程序中开发了解析松弛法进行消波处理并选用速度入口法造波,进而选用JONSWAP谱进行计算以验证不规则波造波程序的准确性;其次,以适用于中国南海北部海域的三参量风浪频谱为理论基础进行编程,将三参量风浪频谱嵌入到waves2Foam程序中,替换JONSWAP谱,通过设定风区长度、风速等参量构造模拟南海北部的不规则波浪。经验证,构造的不规则波的模拟值与理论值之间的误差在精度允许范围内,表明该方法能较好地模拟南海北部真实海况下的不规则波浪。

风浪频谱中的特征量

在三参量风浪频谱的基础上对谱参量进行深入地研究,给出了谱参量与风场要素、波场要素的关系,提供了依据风场要素、波场要素及实测波浪资料计算谱参量的方法。从而可以依据上述因素直接计算出三参量风浪频谱。此外还根据谱宽度的变化,描述了风浪频谱的成长方式,解释了传统的波陡、波龄关系中经验常数的不同选取所代表的物理背景。

JONSWAP谱和N谱的几个对应特征量间的关系

研究了风浪频谱JONSWAP谱的峰度因子γ、尖度因子PJ和N谱的尖度因子PN，参变量p，q间的关系；并在此关系上给出了由这两种谱计算的几个对应谱参量间的关系，如JONSWAP谱峰值A2（ω0）、零阶矩m0，J，平均频率，平均周期和对应于N谱的峰值S（ω0）、零阶矩m0，N，平均频率，平均周期间的关系；指出这些关系均与风浪的成长状态有关，在使用不同的谱形进行特征量的计算时，应注意不同频谱间的成长因子的一致性，以免引起计算结果的错误。

作物重金属铜污染的HHT边际谱特征与污染预测模型

为了解读作物受重金属污染的光谱响应与光谱特征,以不同浓度梯度硫酸铜(CuSO_4·5H_2O)胁迫土壤的盆栽玉米培养胁迫实验为研究对象,依据不同胁迫梯度下玉米叶片反射光谱以及叶片中Cu^(2+)含量的测定数据,采用希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)方法,研究了玉米叶片在不同Cu^(2+)胁迫梯度下光谱的Hilbert边际谱变化特征与污染程度预测方法.通过构建玉米叶片光谱的边际谱熵(MSE),边际谱幅值(MSA)、边际谱陡坡斜率(MSSS)和边际谱包围面积(MSEA)等特征参量,分析叶片在不同Cu^(2+)污染程度下的边际谱变化;同时基于边际谱特征参量值与叶片中Cu^(2+)含量的相关性分析和逐步回归统计,提出了玉米叶片重金属污染的Cu^(2+)含量预测指数模型.实验结果表明,不同Cu^(2+)胁迫梯度下,玉米叶片光谱的边际谱为分布在100Hz频率以内的连续谱;MSE值表现出与叶片中Cu^(2+)含量呈负相关的变化趋势,而MSA、MSSS和MSEA值都表现出与叶片中Cu^(2+)含量呈正相关的变化趋势;由于MSEA值与叶片中Cu^(2+)含量的相关性最好,可把MSEA作为监测作物重金属污染衡量或预测的最优指标;根据MSE、MSA、MSSS和MSEA值构建的Cu^(2+)含量预计指数模型应用结果比较,证明MSEA指数模型具有最优的预测能力.

航空高光谱CASI-SASI数据蚀变矿物信息提取与应用——以甘肃省敦煌市小金窝子地区为例

航空高光谱遥感数据具有“空谱合一”的优势,深入挖掘并应用高光谱数据中蕴含的蚀变矿物地质信息具有重要意义。本文应用航空高光谱CASI-SASI数据,建立了基于“整体谱形-特征参量协同”的蚀变矿物信息提取流程,并在甘肃省敦煌市小金窝子地区开展了蚀变矿物信息提取、地质涵义分析和野外查证。基于高光谱CASI-SASI数据成功提取了褐铁矿、绿泥石、绿帘石、短波云母、中短波云母、中长波云母、长波云母共7种蚀变矿物。高光谱CASI-SASI数据提取的大面积区域性分布的蚀变矿物多为区域热液作用产物,小范围定向分布的蚀变矿物与断裂、岩脉等成矿热液活动关系密切,局部产出且具定向性的中短波云母与断裂构造及酸性脉体关系密切,基于野外地质调查和ASD光谱实测的蚀变矿物野外查证工作证实蚀变矿物提取结果可信。褐铁矿+中短波云母的蚀变矿物组合具有金矿化指示意义,为基础地质调查和矿产资源勘查提供了重要的遥感信息。

Cr^(3+)水解聚合作用的热动力学研究

对较高浓度下 3价铬离子水解聚合作用的热谱曲线进行热动力学分析 ,用特征热谱参量 ,求出了这一连串反应的速率常数和活化平衡常数及活化自由能 .

被动声呐的高分辨率目标方位估计

本文讨论应用高分辨率非线性谱分析技术进行水声目标方位的估计。文中针对水声信号特点，通过主值频谱抽取方法克服宽频带非线性方位估计的大运算量难题，大大简化了计算复杂性，同时还保证了较高的信噪比。经模拟计算表明，该方法实现简单。

基于VC++的超声信号处理与分析系统

建立了一个基于VC++的超声信号处理与分析系统。该系统集信号采集、处理和特征参量的计算与提取,特征参量的统计与综合以及材料的表征和评价于一体,不但能够完成常规信号处理,而且能够对超声波信号进行全方位、多种类型的特征参量自动计算、提取与分析。用该系统对检测碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)孔隙率时的超声回波信号进行了处理和分析,提取了有效频带能量(ELFB)和主频对应的能量(EPF),并把它们与孔隙率之间的关系进行数值拟合,发现在拟合曲线上存在临界孔隙率的现象,为CFRP孔隙率检测提供了有效途径。

Spectrum Correction in Study of Solvation Dynamics by Fluorescence Non-collinear Optical Parametric Amplification Spectroscopy

Femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spec- troscopy can extract the curve of spectral gain from its parametric superfluorescence. This unique spectrum correction method enables fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spectroscopy acquiring the genuine transient fluorescence spectrum of the studied system. In this work we employ fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spectroscopy technique to study the solvation dynamics of DCM dye in ethanol solution, and confirm that genuine solvation correlation function and shift of peak frequency can be derived from transient fluorescence spectra after the spectral gain correction. It demonstrates that fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spectroscopy can benefit the research fields, which focuses on both fluorescence intensity dynamics and fluorescence spectral shape evolution.

两类光合作用系统能量传输过程中的动力学演化

为了获得两类光合作用系统Fenna-Matthews-Olson(FMO)和Phycoerythrin545(PE545)在能量传输过程中的动力学演化,首先通过对Ohmic、Debye和Adolphs and Renger(AR)谱密度进行参量化计算,然后将计算结果应用到TNL(时间非局域)方法中,计算出FMO和PE545的动力学演化过程.结果表明,Ohmic、Debye和AR谱密度参量化后的结果与原谱密度在足够大的频率范围内吻合,而且对比其他方法计算的FMO和PE545的动力学演化过程,该方法计算得到的结果足够精确,其对满足TNL方法要求的可参量化的谱密度函数的扩展是正确的,可用于光合系统的动力学计算.

Observed typhoon wave spectrum in northern South China Sea

To describe both the way in which a wave spectrum grows and the growth processes of realistic wave conditions,the dependence relationship between the spectrum parameters and wind parameters must be obtained. Based on data measured in 2010 by a Wave Rider buoy,which was deployed in the South China Sea at coordinates 21.89°N,115.13°E,we evaluated the wave spectrum in the sea area when affected by three typhoons:Conson,Chanthu,and Megi. The Joint North Sea Wave Project spectrum was parameterized based on the observed wave spectrum. We proposed a spectrum with three parameters:the dimensionless lowest moment of the spectrum,dimensionless peak frequency,and spectrum width. The relationships between these spectral parameters and the dimensionless fetch were also discussed.

Gain Characteristics of Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifier

The theory model of fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA) was introduced, which is based on optical nonlinear effect. And then numerical simulation was done to analyze and discuss the gain spectral characteristics of one-pump and two-pump FOPA. The results show that for one-pump FOPA, when pump wavelength is near to fiber zero-dispersion wavelength(ZDW), the gain flatness is better, and with the increase of the pump power, fiber length and its nonlinear coefficient, the gain value will increase while the gain bandwidth will become narrow. For two-pump FOPA, when the pump central wavelength is near to fiber ZDW, the gain flatness is better. Moreover, by decreasing the space of two pumps wavelength, the gain flatness can be improved. Finally, some problems existing in FOPA were addressed.

Elastic Collisions Between two Ground-State P and D Atoms at Low and Ultralow Temperatures

The PD（X^3∑^-） interaction potential is constructed using the CCSD（T） theory and the basis set, augcc-pV5Z. Using this potential, the spectroscopic parameters are accurately determined. The present Do, De, Re, ωe, ωeχe, αe, and Be are of 3.056 99 eV, 3.161 75 eV, 0.142 39 nm, 1701.558 cm^-1, 23.6583 cm^-1, 0.085 99 cm^-1, and 4.3963 cm^-1, respectively, which almost perfectly conform with the measurements. A total of 26 vibrational states is predicted when J = 0 by solving the radial Sehrodinger equation of nuclear motion. The complete vibrational levels, classical turning points, initial rotation and centrifugal distortion constants when J = 0 are reported for the first time, which favorably agree with the experiments. The total and various partial-wave cross sections are calculated for the elastic impact between two ground-state P and D atoms at 1.0 × 10^-12 - 1.0 × 10^-4 a.u. when they approach each other along the PD（X^3∑^-） potential. No shape resonances exist in the total elastic cross sections, though the peaks can be found for each partial wave until l=6. The shape of the total elastic cross sections is dominated by the s partial wave at very low temperatures. Due to the weakness of the shape resonances of each partial wave, they are all passed into oblivion by the strong total elastic cross sections.

A Super Extension of Kaup-Newell Hierarchy

With the help of the zero-curvature equation and the super trace identity, we derive a super extensionof the Kaup-Newell hierarchy associated with a 3×3 matrix spectral problem and establish its super bi-Hamiltonianstructures.Furthermore, infinite conservation laws of the super Kaup-Newell equation are obtained by using spectralparameter expansions.

Spectroscopic Parameters of X^3∑^-, a^1△, and A^＇3△ Electronic States of SO Radical

The potential energy curves （PECs） of three low-lying electronic states （X^3∑, a^1△, and a^3△） of SO radical have been studied by ab initio quantum chemical method. The calcula- tions were carried out with the full valence complete active space self-consistent field method followed by the highly accurate valence internally contracted multireference configuration in- teraction （MRCI） approach in combination with correlation-consistent basis sets. Effects of the core-valence correlation and relativistic corrections on the PECs are taken into account. The core-valence correlation correction is carried out with the cc-pCVDZ basis set. The way to consider the relativistic correction is to use the second-order Douglas-Kroll Hamiltonian approximation, and the correction is performed at the level of cc-pV5Z basis set. To obtain more reliable results, the PECs determined by the MRCI calculations are also corrected for size-extensivity errors by means of the Davidson modification （MRCI＋Q）. These PECs are extrapolated to the complete basis set limit by the two-point energy extrapolation scheme. With these PECs, the spectroscopic parameters are determined.

光的相干和偏振的相关研究进展

相干和偏振是统计光学体系中紧密联系的两个方面,对激光的传输性质有重要的影响。介绍了相干偏振的基本理论,尤其是以交叉谱密度矩阵为基础的相干和偏振的统一理论。分析介绍了当前该领域的研究热点:偏振特性的传输变化、部分相干光散射理论、谱交叉偏振度(SDCP)和三维随机电磁光束。对相干偏振理论的相关问题进行了总结和展望。

Analysis on spectral gain characteristics of PPMgLN based quasi-phase-matching optical parametric amplification

A deep understanding of the spectral gain characteristics of optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) is important for a highly efficient optical parametric conversion. We numerically calculated the spectral gain characteristics of a quasi-phase-matching (QPM) parametric conversion process using the periodically poled 6% (mol/mol) MgO doped LiNbO3 (PPMgLN) as the nonlinear crystal. In the simulation we utilized the approach of a transformative matrix of the periodically poled nonlinear medium, which results from the small-signal approximation of three-wave mixed nonlinear equations. Numerical simulation results show that: (1) The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectral gain of the parametric process becomes wider with the increase of parametric wavelength and reaches the maximum at degeneration; (2) The gain coefficient decreases gradually with the increase of parametric wavelength; (3) The spectral gain bandwidth decreases correspondingly with the increase of the nonlinear material length; (4) There exists an optimal parametric wavelength band, which is most suitable for the high gain parametric conversion when pumped by a laser source with a wide wavelength band, such as the high power fiber laser.