一首深情的藏族音诗——评介张谷密的交响诗《山歌的故事》

一声悲叹,旋律自高而下,当其深深落在C^1的低点之后,单簧管与小提琴先后交接,复缓缓而上,揪紧的心渐渐宽松,低垂的头慢慢举起,待长笛在竖琴琶音陪衬下奏起清亮的长颤音,眼前展现出一片辽阔草原的美丽景色……。一个欢快的旋律,在木管、弦乐间跳荡:

62000 DWT多用途纸浆船货舱通道设计

“多用途纸浆船”是除能够装运纸浆外,还可以兼顾装运干散货、包装货、集装箱和重大件等货品的船舶。62000 DWT多用途纸浆船货舱区域通道设计主要包括货舱内通道和货舱外露天通道,在考虑船员IMR(检验、维护、修理)作业需求的同时,还需满足CCS船级社和澳大利亚海事安全当局相关法规对装载纸浆货品、大件货、散装货等货物的特殊要求。安全、便捷、符合作业需求的货舱通道设计是特种运输船舶设计的关键技术之一。

A DBRTD with a High PVCR and a Peak Current Density at Room Temperature

AlAs/GaAs/In0.1Ga0.9As/GaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes （DBRTDs） grown on a semi-insulated GaAs substrate with molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. By sandwiching the In0.1 Ga0.9 As layer between GaAs layers, potential wells beside the two sides of barrier are deepened, resulting in an increase of the peak-to-valley current ratio （PVCR） and a peak current density. A special shape of collector is designed in order to reduce contact resistance and non-uniformity of the current;as a result the total chrrent density in the device is increased. The use of thin barriers is also helpful for the improvement of the PVCR and the peak current density in DBRTDs. The devices exhibit a maximum PVCR of 13.98 and a peak current density of 89kA/cm^2 at room temperature.

Population survey and conservation assessment of the globally threa- tened cheer pheasant （Catreus wallicht） in Jhelum Valley, Azad Kas- hmir, Pakistan

The cheer pheasant Catreus wallichi is a globally threatened species that inhabits the western Himalayas. Though it is well established that the species is threatened and its numbers declining, updated definitive estimates are lacking, so in 2011, we conducted a survey to assess the density, population size, and threats to the species in Jhelum valley, Azad Kashmir, which holds the largest known population of cheer pheasants in Pakistan. We conducted dawn call count surveys at 17 points clustered in three survey zones of the valley, 11 of which had earlier been used for a 2002-2003 survey of the birds. Over the course of our survey, 113 birds were recorded. Mean density of cheer pheasant in the valley was estimated at 11.8±6.47 pairs per km2, with significant differences in terms of both counts and estimated density of cheer were significantly different across the three survey zones, with the highest in the Chinari region and the lowest, that is the area with no recorded sightings of the pheasants, in Gari Doppata. The total breeding population of cheer pheasants is estimated to be some 2 490 pairs, though this does not consider the actual area of occupancy in the study area. On the whole, more cheer pheasants were recorded in this survey than from the same points in 2002-2003, indicating some success in population growth. Unfortunately, increasing human settlement, fires, livestock grazing, hunting, and the collection of non-timber forest products continue to threaten the population of cheer in the Jhelum valley. To mitigate these potential impacts, some degree of site protection should be required for the conservation of cheer pheasants in Pakistan, and more effective monitoring of the species is clearly needed.

Dam-break Modeling in Alpine Valleys

Dam-break analysis is of great importance in mountain environment,especially where reservoirs are located upstream of densely populated areas and hydraulic hazard should be assessed for land planning purposes.Accordingly,there is a need to identify suitable operative tools which may differ from the ones used in flat flood-prone areas.This paper shows the results provided by a 1D and a 2D model based on the Shallow Water Equations(SWE) for dam-break wave propagation in alpine regions.The 1D model takes advantage of a topographic toolkit that includes an algorithm for pre-processing the Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and of a novel criterion for the automatic cross-section space refinement.The 2D model is FLO-2D,a commercial software widely used for flood routing in mountain areas.In order to verify the predictive effectiveness of these numerical models,the test case of the Cancano dam-break has been recovered from the historical study of De Marchi(1945),which provides a unique laboratory data set concerning the consequences of the potential collapse of the former Cancano dam(Northern Italy).The measured discharge hydrograph at the dam also provides the data to test a simplified method recently proposed for the characterization of the hydrograph following a sudden dam-break.

Transpiration Rates of Carex Meyeriana in Relation to Micrometerological Factors in a Mountain Valley Wetland

In order to reveal transpiration rates of wetland plants and its relationships to micro-meterological factors in a mountain valley wetland, relative humidity, air temperature, leaf temperature, soil temperature, photo flux density and transpiration rates were measured once two hours in a Carex meyeriana wetland of the Changbai Mountain valley in dry (July) and wet (September) of 2003, respectively. Results showed that the tendency of "decreasing after increasing" was obvious in wet season. However, a relatively stable trend was observed for the transpiration in dry season.. Generally, the photon flux density of Carex meyeriana was higher in wet season than that in dry season. However, the variabilities of leaf temperature, air temperature and relative humidity were similar in both seasons. Higher transpiration rates of Carex meyeriana leaves were observed in July (varied from 40 to 150 mol·m-2·s-1) compared to those (varied from 7 to 14 mol·m-2·s-1) in September. Transpiration rates were significantly correlated with air temperature (P<0.01), leaf temperature (P<0.01), and wind speed (P<0.05), but correlationship between relative humidity and photo flux density was not significant (P<0.05).