This paper presents a design concept and acceptance test application procedure for a deep pit protection structure. The structure is intended for use in the construction of three underground levels of a residential bu...This paper presents a design concept and acceptance test application procedure for a deep pit protection structure. The structure is intended for use in the construction of three underground levels of a residential building： A, B, C and D, located in Block 10C, Budva, Montenegro. The anchored wall will consist of non-gravity cantilevered walls with three levels of ground anchors. Non-gravity cantilevered walls employ continuous walls constructed in slurry trenches （i.e., slurry （diaphragm） walls）, e.g., vertical elements that are drilled to depths below the finished excavation grade. For those non-gravity cantilevered walls, support is provided through the shear and bending stiffness of the vertical wall elements and passive resistance from the soil below the finished excavation grade. Anchored wall support relies on these components as well as lateral resistance provided by the ground anchors to resist horizontal pressures （e.g., earth, water and external loads） acting on the wall. The anchored wall analyzed in this paper will be recommended for use as a temporary supporting structure necessary for the excavation and erection of the underground structure. The design life of the temporary ground anchors is two years. Dynamic loads are not considered in this analysis.展开更多
This paper presents an efficient algorithm for optimization of radial distribution systems by a network reconfiguration to balance feeder loads and eliminate overload conditions. The system load-balancing index is use...This paper presents an efficient algorithm for optimization of radial distribution systems by a network reconfiguration to balance feeder loads and eliminate overload conditions. The system load-balancing index is used to determine the loading conditions of the system and maximum system loading capacity. The index value has to be minimum in the optimal network reconfiguration of load balancing. The tabu search algorithm is employed to search for the optimal network reconfiguration. The basic idea behind the search is a move from a current solution to its neighborhood by effectively utilizing a memory to provide an efficient search for optimality. It presents low computational effort and is able to find good quality configurations. Simulation results for a radial 69-bus system. The study results show that the optimal on/off patterns of the switches can be identified to give the best network reconfiguration involving balancing of feeder loads while respecting all the constraints.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a design concept and acceptance test application procedure for a deep pit protection structure. The structure is intended for use in the construction of three underground levels of a residential building： A, B, C and D, located in Block 10C, Budva, Montenegro. The anchored wall will consist of non-gravity cantilevered walls with three levels of ground anchors. Non-gravity cantilevered walls employ continuous walls constructed in slurry trenches （i.e., slurry （diaphragm） walls）, e.g., vertical elements that are drilled to depths below the finished excavation grade. For those non-gravity cantilevered walls, support is provided through the shear and bending stiffness of the vertical wall elements and passive resistance from the soil below the finished excavation grade. Anchored wall support relies on these components as well as lateral resistance provided by the ground anchors to resist horizontal pressures （e.g., earth, water and external loads） acting on the wall. The anchored wall analyzed in this paper will be recommended for use as a temporary supporting structure necessary for the excavation and erection of the underground structure. The design life of the temporary ground anchors is two years. Dynamic loads are not considered in this analysis.
文摘This paper presents an efficient algorithm for optimization of radial distribution systems by a network reconfiguration to balance feeder loads and eliminate overload conditions. The system load-balancing index is used to determine the loading conditions of the system and maximum system loading capacity. The index value has to be minimum in the optimal network reconfiguration of load balancing. The tabu search algorithm is employed to search for the optimal network reconfiguration. The basic idea behind the search is a move from a current solution to its neighborhood by effectively utilizing a memory to provide an efficient search for optimality. It presents low computational effort and is able to find good quality configurations. Simulation results for a radial 69-bus system. The study results show that the optimal on/off patterns of the switches can be identified to give the best network reconfiguration involving balancing of feeder loads while respecting all the constraints.
