大型公立医院构建三尺质控模型的实践探索

目的构建“三尺”质控模型,促进医疗质量全面内涵管理。方法构建由“标尺、量尺、戒尺”组成的“三尺”质控模型,具体包括:以各项质量指标的标准化保障质量的基础管理,形成“标尺”;以“标尺”为准绳,落实全面质控和监督机制,保障质量的环节管理,形成“量尺”;运用绩效奖惩等措施落实质量的终末管理,形成“戒尺”。结果“三尺”质控模型的构建形成了全方位医疗质量监督管理机制,强化了医疗质量全面内涵管理,夯实医院高质量发展根基。结论“三尺”质控模型的构建与推广,有助于医疗质量持续改进和医疗服务能力有效提升,为我国各级医院医疗质量持续改进提供参考。

以能力为导向的全科医生全方位能力进阶式质控标准模型的建立

研究借鉴美国毕业后医学教育认证委员会及英国皇家全科医师学院的达标体系,以Milestone评估框架体系为启示,结合中国的国情,创新建立了“6C-6S”全方位能力进阶式质控标准模型。该模型将六大核心能力分别归纳为病人照顾、医学知识、行医能力、能力拓展、职业素养、沟通技巧,并作为模型中的核心能力,将每个核心能力细分为25个全科特质功能的能力项目,评估的内容涵盖多个方面、多个维度,每个能力项目共评定为6个评价阶梯,分别代表达到一年级住院医师、二年级住院医师、三年级住院医师、毕业达标、临床全科医生、全科专家医生的6个等级标准。该模式注重人文素质的培养,将人文素质能力评估融入了整个体系,改革了按年制考核的传统模式,采用进阶打卡模式,及时反馈-即时改进,实时有效-持续优化,以动态评估教与学的成效,保障持续质量改进。

在线问卷调查的质量控制方法研究

数字化时代,在线问卷调查正经历着从在线样组到大数据调研等诸多新兴手段融合发展的阶段。多种在线调研渠道有效拓展了传统调研的执行能力边界,但数据质量也面临着样本真实性与唯一性、有效甄别职业样本、规避虚假流量等挑战。通过研究在线问卷调查各阶段的数据质量控制方法,贯彻问卷调查整体流程,以综合提高在线问卷的调查质量。在问卷抽样阶段,充分利用用户鉴别、互联网大数据风险控制等技术优势,甄别风险样本;在问卷数据收集阶段,通过对样本参与填答问卷的内容和行为数据进行挖掘,搭建用户行为质控模型,实现对用户答题态度的动态评估,以及针对样本批量答题行为的实时鉴别,从根本上保障在线调研数据的可靠性和高质量交付。

基于Seq2Seq深度学习方法的气象预警纠错模型研究

针对全国气象预警信息发布语义类错误,研发一种预警信息纠错模型。通过建立全国气象历史预警信息语料库,训练基于Seq2Seq深度学习方法的纠错模型,并与基于统计方法的规则模型相互验证,形成预警预报信息合法性监测质控平台,构建“智能语义分析+人工验证”的质控业务流程,实现敏感词的快速定位与提醒。预警质控平台业务应用后,信息内容错情率较上一年降低70%,语义纠错效果显著。

火成岩复杂岩性潜山“相控”裂缝建模及质控方法——以惠州26-6油田潜山油气藏为例

珠江口盆地惠州26-6油田火成岩潜山岩性复杂,裂缝发育,储层非均质性强,常规单一地震裂缝预测技术无法精细刻画裂缝分布规律,因此提出一套基于地质主控因素定量表征约束下的“相控”裂缝建模技术及其质控方法。首先利用钻井及地震资料精细刻画主要岩性体空间分布,并建立火成岩岩性模型;其次,采用裂缝发育主控因素定量表征方法,预测不同成因裂缝井间分布规律,建立不同成因裂缝发育密度概率体;在此基础上,以井点裂缝密度作为硬数据,以裂缝发育密度概率体为约束条件,采用随机模拟方法建立裂缝密度模型;最后,以裂缝密度模型及井点统计裂缝参数为输入信息,在岩性模型控制下通过地质统计学方法建立离散裂缝网络模型,并运用petrel软件中的Oda算法将其等效为裂缝属性模型。采用动静态结合的方法对裂缝模型进行质控优选,得到符合地质、油藏认识的裂缝属性模型。该模型较好地表征了潜山不同部位、不同岩性储层裂缝的发育特征,可有效指导油气田开发方案的编制。

GE CT750HD宝石CT质量保证

本文就GE公司生产的DISCOVERY CT750 HD宝石CT图像质量检测所需的质控模型本身、质控模型的定位、图像获取的扫描参数及方法、各种图像质控参数的获取和分析方法作了较全面的阐述。

山区高速公路桥梁预防性养护技术措施研究

针对山区高速公路桥梁大纵坡、平曲线弯桥、纵横跨度大的特点,结合高速公路及桥梁工程设计原则、施工、运营和养护情况,运用公路养护巡检系统与桥梁健康监测系统,建立了山区高速公路桥梁预防性养护技术理念。基于耐久性全寿命设计原则提出山区高速公路桥梁预防性养护技术措施,结果表明:预防性养护技术措施可全方位掌控高速公路以及桥梁工程运营情况,有效提高养护管理水平,在保证山区高速公路桥梁结构全寿命安全、可靠运营中具有积极作用。

Just-in-time learning based integrated MPC-ILC control for batch processes

Considering the two-dimension(2 D) characteristic and the unknown optimal trajectory problem of the batch processes, an integrated model predictive control-iterative learning control(MPC-ILC) for batch processes is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the batch-axis information and time-axis information are combined into one quadratic performance index. It implies the integration of ILC and MPC algorithm idea, which leads to superior tracking performance and better robustness against disturbance and uncertainty. To address the problem of the unknown optimal trajectory, both time-varying prediction horizon and end product quality control are employed. Moreover, an integrated 2 D just-in-time learning(JITL) model is used to improve the predictive accuracy. Furthermore, rigorous description and proof are presented to prove the convergence and tracking performance of the proposed MPC-ILC strategy. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Three-Dimensional Water Quality Model Based on FVCOM for Total Load Control Management in Guan River Estuary,Northern Jiangsu Province

Guan River Estuary and adjacent coastal area(GREC) suffer from serious pollution and eutrophicational problems over the recent years.Thus,reducing the land-based load through the national pollutant total load control program and developing hydrodynamic and water quality models that can simulate the complex circulation and water quality kinetics within the system,including longitudinal and lateral variations in nutrient and COD concentrations,is a matter of urgency.In this study,a three-dimensional,hydrodynamic,water quality model was developed in GREC,Northern Jiangsu Province.The complex three-dimensional hydrodynamics of GREC were modeled using the unstructured-grid,finite-volume,free-surface,primitive equation coastal ocean circulation model(FVCOM).The water quality model was adapted from the mesocosm nutrients dynamic model in the south Yellow Sea and considers eight compartments:dissolved inorganic nitrogen,soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP),phytoplankton,zooplankton,detritus,dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP),and chemical oxygen demand.The hydrodynamic and water quality models were calibrated and confirmed for 2012 and 2013.A comparison of the model simulations with extensive dataset shows that the models accurately simulate the longitudinal distribution of the hydrodynamics and water quality.The model can be used for total load control management to improve water quality in this area.

COAL QUALITY CONTROL

Coal storing and loading have much more influence on coal quality. In the paper, a goal programming model has been constructed to determine the ideal quantity extracting from stockpile and silos and a quality control model is inferred under the guidance of maximum theory of dispersed number and practice methods are given to meet production demand, with which a coal mine has achieved a better tech-economic result.

Photochemical Process Modeling and Analysis of Ozone Generation

Air pollution in modern city and industrial zones has become a serious public concern in recent years in China. Significance of air quality assessment and emission control strategy design is increasing. Most studies in China focus on particulate matter(PM), especially PM2.5, while few account for photochemical secondary air pollutions represented by ozone(O3). In this paper, a procedure for air quality simulation with comprehensive air quality model with extensions(CAMx) is demonstrated for studying the photochemical process and ozone generation in the troposphere. As a case study, the CAMx photochemical grid model is used to model ozone over southern part of Beijing city in winter, 2011. The input parameters to CAMx include emission sources, meteorology field data, terrain definition, photolysis status, initial and boundary conditions. The simulation results are verified by theoretical analysis of the ozone generation tendency. The simulated variation tendency of domain-wide average value of hourly ozone concentration coincides reasonably well with the theoretical analysis on the atmospheric photochemical process, demonstrating the effectiveness of the procedure. An integrated model system that cooperates with CAMx will be established in our future work.

Dynamic Thermal Model and Temperature Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack

A dynamic thermal transfer model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack is developed based on energy conservation in order to reach better temperature control of PEMFC stack. Considering its uncertain parameters and disturbance, we propose a robust adaptive controller based on backstepping algorithm of Lyaponov function. Numerical simulations indicate the validity of the proposed controller.

A Case Study of Using External DEM in InSAR DEM Generation

Synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) has been used as an innovative technique for digital elevation model (DEM) and topographic map generation. In this paper, external DEMs are used for InSAR DEM generation to reduce the errors in data processing. The DEMs generated from repeat-pass InSAR are compared. For steep slopes and severe changes in topography, phase unwrapping quality can be improved by subtracting the phase calculated from an external DEM. It is affirmative that the absolute height accuracy of the InSAR DEM is improved by using external DEM. The data processing was undertaken without the use of ground control points and other manual operation.

Power Control Algorithm of Cognitive Radio Based on Non-Cooperative Game Theory

This paper addresses the power con- trol problems of Cognitive Radio （CR） trader transmission power and interference tempera- ture constraints. First, we propose the interfer- ence constraint which ensures that the Quality of Service （QoS） standards for primary users is considered and a non-cooperative game power control model. Based on the proposed model, we developed a logical utility function based on the Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio （S/NR） and a novel algorithm network power control. that is suitable for CR Then, the existence and uniqueness of the Nash Equilibrium （NE） in our utility function are proved by the principle of game theory and the corresponding optimi- zations. Compared to traditional algorithms, the proposed one could converge to an NE in 3-5 iterative operations by setting an appropriate pricing factor. Finally, simulation results ver- ified the stability and superiority of the novel algorithm in flat-fading channel environments.

Sands modeling constrained by high-resolution seismic data

In the phase of field evaluation, the changing of interwell reservoir may be out of control if the geological model was built only on well data due to few existing wells. The uncertainty of the interwell reservoir interpolation based only on well data can be decreased by comprehensive utilization of geological, logging and seismic data, especially by using highly relative seismic properties from 3D seismic data adjusted by well point data to restrict interpolation of geological properties. A 3D-geological model which takes the sand body as the direct modeling object was built through stacking the structure, reservoir and water/oil/gas properties together in 3D space.

A study of active suspension based on full DOF vehicle model

This paper presents a MDOF (multi-degree-of-freedom) model to describe the vehicle motion, considering influences of factors such as, seat and passengers. The model is four-independent-suspension and four-wheel-track with 8DOF, and has proved more appropriate compared with some conventional vehicle models. Based on the derived 8DOF model, a controller for this model is designed by the use of H∞ control theory, Furthermore the appropriate control scheme is selected by testing various performance indexes. The study shows that satisfying results can be obtained by using an appropriate vehicle model, even if a low order controller and a general control strategy are adopted.

Surrounding rock deformation regularity of roadway under extremely complicated geological conditions in deep mine and its control

By combining the practices of deep mine mining in Changguang Mine field and using the Universal Distinct Element Code 3 0(UDEC3 0) numerical computing method, the distribution characteristics of deformation field and stress field as well as the surrounding rock deformation regularity of soft rock roadway are analyzed under extremely complicated geological conditions, a technical principle of bolting to control the surrounding rock of roadway is put forward. And also using a dynamic control for surrounding rocks designing method, the supporting parameters and implement plan are rationally determined. The experimental tests have obtained a good controlling result of surrounding rock.

Intelligent compaction theory of high roller compacted concrete dam

The concept and realization process of intelligent compaction for the construction of high roller compacted concrete dam were presented, as well as the theory of monitoring and intelligent feedback control. Based on the real-time analysis of the compaction index, a multiple regression model of the dam compactness was established and a realime estimation method of compaction quality for the entire work area of roller compacted concrete dam was proposed finally. The adaptive adjustment of the roiling process parameters was achieved, with the speed, the exciting force, the roller pass and the compaction thickness meeting the standards during the whole construction process. As a result, the compaction quality and construction efficiency can be improved. The research provides a new way for the construction quality control of roller compacted concrete dam.

Application of PFMEA for Identification of Self-Recovering Failures in Production Lines for Automatic Assembly of Capacitors

Quality control is an important part of the capacitors automatic assembly process. Traditionally this control is being realized through a series of electrical measurements including capacity, tension, and tgct. In most cases, these measurements are not suitable for detecting defects that appear as a result of failures of certain elements of the assembly lines. These so called self-recovering failures very often remain unnoticed, because they do not cause a suspension of the assembly process and if not taken into consideration, they can seriously menace the final product quality. In this paper, the authors use PFMEA to identify and evaluate the risk of the self-recovering failures. They also propose a simple Simulink model, which could be useful when trying to estimate the effect of installing new control devices at an existing assembly line upon its overall reliability and productivity.

STUDY OF SOURCES OF SCORE VARIABILITY IN PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT USING MFRM:A CASE OF SPEAKING TEST IN PETS BAND3

As direct measure of learners' communicative language ability, performance assessment (typically writing and speaking assessment) claims construct validity and a strong power for predictive utility of test scores. However, it is also of common concern that the subjectivity of rating process and the potential unfairness for test takers who encounter different writing prompts and speaking tasks would constitute threats to reliability and validity of test scores, especially in those large-scale and high-stakes tests. Therefore, appropriate means for quality control of subjective scoring should be held essential in test administration and validation. Based upon raw scores from one administration of speaking test in PETS Band3 held in Hangzhou, the present study investigates and models possible sources of score variability within the framework of Many-Facet Rasch Model (MFRM). MFRM conceptualizes the possibility of a examinee being awarded a certain score as a function of several facets — examinee ability, rater severity, domain difficulty and step difficulty between the adjacent score categories and provides estimates of the extent to which the examinee's test score is influenced by those facets. Model construction and data analysis was carried out in FACETS Version 3.58, computer program for conducting MFRM analysis. The results demonstrate statistically significant differences within each facet. Despite the generally acceptable rater consistency across examinees and rating domains, fit statistics indicate some unexpected rating patterns in certain raters such as inconsistency and central tendency, to be avoided through future rater training. Fair scores for each examinee are also provided, minimizing the variability due to facets other than examinees' ability. MFRM manifests itself as effective in detecting whether each test method facet functions as intended in performance assessment and providing useful feedback for quality control of subjective scoring.