以普洱茶7542为参考样本,乙醇为溶剂,超声提取制备普洱茶醇溶物,建立了普洱茶7542醇溶物气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱,同时对其指纹图谱进行相似度计算和主成分分析.试验结果表明,普洱茶醇溶物的最佳提取方法:采用50 mL 95%乙醇超声提...以普洱茶7542为参考样本,乙醇为溶剂,超声提取制备普洱茶醇溶物,建立了普洱茶7542醇溶物气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱,同时对其指纹图谱进行相似度计算和主成分分析.试验结果表明,普洱茶醇溶物的最佳提取方法:采用50 mL 95%乙醇超声提取30 min,顶空进样最佳条件为振荡箱温度110℃,振荡时间20 min.通过对9个不同年限、不同批次的普洱茶7542系列样品醇溶物挥发性成分GC-MS指纹图谱进行相似度分析,测定样品醇溶物挥发性成分图谱与对照图谱之间的相似度在0.706~0.906之间,说明不同年限、不同批次的9个普洱茶7542醇溶物挥发性成分和参照样本相比发生了改变,但变化较小,但其共有成分峰面积百分含量存在差异.通过对9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542醇溶物挥发性成分共有成分进行主成分分析,提取了2个成分,即2-羟甲基-2-甲基-吡咯烷-1-甲醛和N-丁基苯磺酰胺,其特征值大于1,累计方差贡献率达90.2%,能较好的代表9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542的全部信息,可以用主成分分析来反映样品的全部信息.因此可通过测定9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542醇溶物中2-羟甲基-2-甲基-吡咯烷-1-甲醛和N-丁基苯磺酰胺的含量差异评价普洱茶7542的质量.展开更多
目的:建立枳壳药材挥发油的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱。方法:采用GC-MS法,色谱柱为RTX-5MS毛细管柱,进样口温度为250℃,载气为高纯氦气(≥99.999%),流速为1.0 m L/min,分流比为10∶1,进样量为1μL(程序升温);采用电子轰击离子源,离...目的:建立枳壳药材挥发油的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱。方法:采用GC-MS法,色谱柱为RTX-5MS毛细管柱,进样口温度为250℃,载气为高纯氦气(≥99.999%),流速为1.0 m L/min,分流比为10∶1,进样量为1μL(程序升温);采用电子轰击离子源,离子源温度为230℃,检测器温度为250℃,溶剂延迟时间为3 min,扫描范围为m/z 35~550。以月桂烯为参照,测定21批药材挥发油样品的GC-MS图谱,采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2004 A版)进行相似度评价,确定共有峰,采用LC Solution 2质谱库(NIST05.LIB和NIST05s.LIB)确定共有峰成分,并采用面积归一化法测定共有峰的相对含量。结果:21批药材挥发油样品的GC-MS图谱有20个共有峰,相似度均>0.90;经验证,21批药材挥发油样品GC-MS图谱与对照指纹图谱具有较好的一致性。枳壳药材挥发油主要成分为柠檬烯、萜品烯、月桂烯和D-Cadinene。结论:所建指纹图谱可为枳壳药材挥发油的真伪鉴别和质量评价提供参考。展开更多
为探索家畜乳脂肪质谱指纹特征和建立真实性判别模型,采集蒙古马、荷斯坦牛、双峰驼、山羊、牦牛和水牛乳代表性样品56份,超临界流体色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱仪(Supercritical Fluid Chromatograph Quadrupole Time of Fight Mass Spec...为探索家畜乳脂肪质谱指纹特征和建立真实性判别模型,采集蒙古马、荷斯坦牛、双峰驼、山羊、牦牛和水牛乳代表性样品56份,超临界流体色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱仪(Supercritical Fluid Chromatograph Quadrupole Time of Fight Mass Spectrometry,SFC-Q-TOF-MS)电喷雾电离源正离子模式(ESI+)采集质谱。按乳甘油三酯(triacylglycerols,TAGs)480~910 m/z质谱范围,截取总基峰色谱图(Base Peak Ion chromatogram,BPI)和总质谱图(Mass Spectrum,MS)数据,并进行主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)。结果表明,6种家畜乳以物种聚类距离符合物种分类学规律;有机和非有机牛乳分开聚类。乳脂肪质谱指纹可建立家畜乳的物种判别模型,并有望建立有机和非有机饲养模式判别模型。展开更多
The identification of germplasm is an important step for effective utilization of the available germplasm. In previous studies, isoenzyme, RAPD and SSR techniques had been used to conduct the genetic identification of...The identification of germplasm is an important step for effective utilization of the available germplasm. In previous studies, isoenzyme, RAPD and SSR techniques had been used to conduct the genetic identification of watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.), but their effectiveness was limited due to the extremely narrow genetic background among watermelon genotypes. In this research, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), which was reported as a reliable technique with high efficiency in detecting polymorphism, was used to conduct genetic analysis and variety identification of thirty genotypes of watermelon core collection that represent a wide range of breeding and commercially available germplasm. As a result, a DNA fingerprint based on 15 bands amplified with four primer combinations was developed. In this fingerprint, each genotype has its unique fingerprint pattern and can be distinguished from each other. Furthermore, in or der to facilitate the utilization of AFLP marker in practice, one specific AFLP band of genotype 'PI296341' coming from fragment amplified by primer combination E-AT/M-CAT was successfully converted into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker.展开更多
文摘以普洱茶7542为参考样本,乙醇为溶剂,超声提取制备普洱茶醇溶物,建立了普洱茶7542醇溶物气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱,同时对其指纹图谱进行相似度计算和主成分分析.试验结果表明,普洱茶醇溶物的最佳提取方法:采用50 mL 95%乙醇超声提取30 min,顶空进样最佳条件为振荡箱温度110℃,振荡时间20 min.通过对9个不同年限、不同批次的普洱茶7542系列样品醇溶物挥发性成分GC-MS指纹图谱进行相似度分析,测定样品醇溶物挥发性成分图谱与对照图谱之间的相似度在0.706~0.906之间,说明不同年限、不同批次的9个普洱茶7542醇溶物挥发性成分和参照样本相比发生了改变,但变化较小,但其共有成分峰面积百分含量存在差异.通过对9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542醇溶物挥发性成分共有成分进行主成分分析,提取了2个成分,即2-羟甲基-2-甲基-吡咯烷-1-甲醛和N-丁基苯磺酰胺,其特征值大于1,累计方差贡献率达90.2%,能较好的代表9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542的全部信息,可以用主成分分析来反映样品的全部信息.因此可通过测定9个不同年限、不同批次普洱茶7542醇溶物中2-羟甲基-2-甲基-吡咯烷-1-甲醛和N-丁基苯磺酰胺的含量差异评价普洱茶7542的质量.
文摘为探索家畜乳脂肪质谱指纹特征和建立真实性判别模型,采集蒙古马、荷斯坦牛、双峰驼、山羊、牦牛和水牛乳代表性样品56份,超临界流体色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱仪(Supercritical Fluid Chromatograph Quadrupole Time of Fight Mass Spectrometry,SFC-Q-TOF-MS)电喷雾电离源正离子模式(ESI+)采集质谱。按乳甘油三酯(triacylglycerols,TAGs)480~910 m/z质谱范围,截取总基峰色谱图(Base Peak Ion chromatogram,BPI)和总质谱图(Mass Spectrum,MS)数据,并进行主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)。结果表明,6种家畜乳以物种聚类距离符合物种分类学规律;有机和非有机牛乳分开聚类。乳脂肪质谱指纹可建立家畜乳的物种判别模型,并有望建立有机和非有机饲养模式判别模型。
文摘The identification of germplasm is an important step for effective utilization of the available germplasm. In previous studies, isoenzyme, RAPD and SSR techniques had been used to conduct the genetic identification of watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.), but their effectiveness was limited due to the extremely narrow genetic background among watermelon genotypes. In this research, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), which was reported as a reliable technique with high efficiency in detecting polymorphism, was used to conduct genetic analysis and variety identification of thirty genotypes of watermelon core collection that represent a wide range of breeding and commercially available germplasm. As a result, a DNA fingerprint based on 15 bands amplified with four primer combinations was developed. In this fingerprint, each genotype has its unique fingerprint pattern and can be distinguished from each other. Furthermore, in or der to facilitate the utilization of AFLP marker in practice, one specific AFLP band of genotype 'PI296341' coming from fragment amplified by primer combination E-AT/M-CAT was successfully converted into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker.
