我国现代远程教育目标定位及质量观浅议

现代远程教育担负着实现高等教育普及化和大众化的任务,只有科学定位我国现代远程教育的目标,树立正确的远程教育质量观,才能更好地促进远程教育的发展。就现代远程教育的目标定位以及应树立什么样的质量观进行探讨,以期促进现代远程教育的健康发展。

预应力现浇箱梁施工质量控制技术研究

高等级公路的大规模建设大量应用到预应力现浇箱梁,预应力现浇箱梁的质量控制也逐渐为学术检索关注。笔者凭借相关工作经验,对预应力现浇箱梁施工的质量控制提出了几点自己的看法,为相似工程提供理论贡献。

现金流量质量分析方法介绍——以泛海建设为例

现金流量表的编制是建立在收付实现制基础上的,分析企业的现金流量质量不仅要简单的分析经营活动、投资活动和筹资活动产生的现金流量质量和结构,还要与资产负债表和利润表相关项目结合分析,以求对企业经营成果和财务现状分析全面准确.下面以泛海建设为例进行现流质量分析,以发现其现流控制方面存在的问题并提出改进对策.

市政桥梁施工中的现浇箱梁施工技术及质量控制措施

市政桥梁工程中的现浇箱梁施工技术,是一种施工结构轻盈、跨越能力好、工艺应用灵活的先进技术,在市政桥梁工程中得到了广泛的应用。现浇箱梁可实现桥梁曲线弯曲、一次性整体浇筑,保证了桥梁施工的整体性,有利于市政桥梁承载力、结构稳定性的提升。因此,从市政桥梁工程施工的角度,进行现浇箱梁施工技术及质量控制措施的论述,以明确、细化技术应用细节,增强施工质量控制效果,对于市政桥梁工程高质量、高效化施工有着重要意义。

焦油原料含萘低对工业萘质量的影响及改进措施

酒钢焦化厂采用双炉双塔式工业萘连续精馏工艺,以酚、萘、洗三混馏分作为工业萘原料。2013年1月份前,煤焦油含萘均值为8.3%左右,萘油原料含萘44%以上,含酚0.4%,工业萘现流样质量95.7%-96.28%之间。2013年1月份后,因炼焦配煤比变化及焦炉时间延长,从焦炉煤气中提取的高温煤焦油含萘仅达到7.2%,最低时降到6.68%,萘油原料含萘为38%左右,含酚0.6%,工业萘现流样仅达到94.95%。本文是针对焦油原料含萘降低,含酚高状况下稳定工业萘现流样质量的改进措施。

走向廿一世纪高等教育思想的转变

走向21世纪高等教育思想的转变，是把唯社会价值观或唯主体价值现转变为使社会价值与主体价值协调平衡的价值观；把传统的知识质量现转变为包含知识、能力等智力因素与非智力因素全面发展的素质教育观；把急功近利的教育发展现转变为可持续发展的教育发展观。

Great progress in molecular breeding of hybrid rice in CNHRRDC

Elite maintainer lines and restorer lines have been developed by genomic DNA transformation,Analyses of molecular markers, DNA sequences, and Southern blotting have revealed that high DNA polymorphism exists between new developed lines and its receptors, indicating that the special DNA fragment from distant relatives may be integrated into the genome of rice. And several combinations with the potential of super-high yield have been developed from these lines. Therefore, transformation of genomic DNA from distant relatives to the plant of a target receptor may open an avenue for breeding of super-hybrid rice.

A preliminary study on in-stream large woody debris in broadleaved and Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

This study was conducted in Erdaobaihe River passing through the broadleaved and Korean pine forest located on the north slope of Changbai Mountain. In-stream large woody debris (LWD) in two segments of the river channel was investigated with base diameter, top diameter, length, and decay class. To study relationship between in-stream LWD and adjacent riparian forest, species of each log of LWD in segment 1 was identified, and the riparian forest was examined by setting a 32m?4 m quadrat consisting of twelve 8m?m small quadrats. The results showed that, in segment 1, in-stream LWD loading was 1.733 m3/100m or 10.83 m3hm-2, and in segment 2, it was 1.709m3/100m or 21.36 m3hm-2. In-stream LWD in decay class III and IV were accounted for a high proportion, which was different from that in the broadleaved and Korean pine forest, and the possible reason might be different decomposing velocities due to different decomposing conditions. Logs of LWD in stream and living trees in riparian forest declined as diameter increased, and it was in a reverse J-shaped distribution except logs of LWD in segment 1 in the first diameter class. Volumes of LWD in stream and living trees in riparian forest increased as diameter increased, and it was in a typical J-shaped distribution. Loading and species component of in-stream LWD were correlative to status of riparian forest to a certain extent, and there also existed difference. Comparing the correlation and difference was helpful to study on dynamic of the riparian forest.

Analysis of Present Sperm Quality in Different Populations

To evaluate current status of male sperm quality and compare with the data of 110 cases in 1980's from same laboratory,434 fertile man and 346 cases of man with uncertain sperm quality were examined.The results showed sperm quality was significantly declined.The changes were most obvious in the sperm counts and total number of sperm,which were decreased by 54.2%～98.9% and 39.7%～114.5% respectively.Among parameters of sperm quality,motility of sperm is most affected in overall motility,a level and a+b level motility,with percentage of abnormal case were 18.4%～42.3%,37.5%～68.1% and 39.5%～75.2% respectively.The number of cases within normal range of sperm parameters was merely 33.6% for group of fertile man and 26.0% for the group of man with uncertain sperm quality.These results suggest that it should pay more attention to the decline of sperm quality.

Corrosion behavior of copper in extremely harsh marine atmosphere in Nansha Islands,China

The corrosion behavior of pure copper exposed to the atmosphere of Nansha Islands for 21 months was studied by mass loss method,composition analysis,morphology observation and electrochemical measurements.The results showed that the average corrosion rate of copper exposed for one year was approximately 7.85μm/a,implying that Nansha Islands was classified as a corrosion category of CX.The structure and properties of the corrosion product layer generated on the front and back sides of the exposed sample differed significantly.The inner corrosion product layer(Cu2O)on the front side was relatively thick and dense,whereas the outer product layer(Cu2Cl(OH)3)was extremely thin.However,the outer product layer on the back side was thicker than the inner layer.Electrochemical measurements indicated that the protection afforded by the corrosion product layer on the front side was improved gradually,while that on the back side was deteriorated.

Three Major Effects and Guarantee System for Quality Management of Edible Mushroom Products

In order to provide consumers with more safe and edible fungus products and to create a faithful social environment of food quality, the edible fungus products quality safety events, as well as their evoked factors and effects on edible fungus industry were discussed in depth in this paper. The performance of edible fungus products quality management is a comprehensive reflection of technical effect, control effect and implementation effect. Among them, the implementation effect is the most important, which refers to the actual implementation effect of quality and safety rules by practitioners of edible fungus industry. Thus, the initiative implementation effect in quality management will be improved, and a quality assurance system in which practitioners are volunteered to participate and implement initiatively the quality standards and regulations so as to provide safe and high-quality products will be established, thereby achieving the best actual implementation effect in quality management.

Current Situation of Cultivated Land Quality in Tongnan District of Chongqing City and Suggestions on Countermeasures

In 2015, the area of first and second class land in Tongnan Distdct of Chongqing was 221.646 km2, accounting for 30% of the total cultivated area, and the area of the third, fourth and fifth class land was 517.861 km2, accounting for 70% of the total cultivated area. The quality of cultivated land was at a low level. Comparison with the Second Soil Census in 2015 showed that the soil pH value has been improved; the organic matter content in the tillage layer showed a slight upward trend; the contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the topsoil increased. Countermeasures were proposed as follows： vig- orously promote the construction of high-standard farmland; adjust the industrial structure of agriculture and implement farming reform; combine organic and inorgan- ic fertilization to reduce the amount of fertilizers; popularize soil testing and formu- lated fertilization to change farmers＇ traditional fertilization habits; improve pollution control to ensure the sustainable productivity of farmland; strictly promote the quality management of cultivated land and strengthen the construction of quality monitoring system; increase investment and improve the monitoring mechanism; vigorously publicize and enhance the awareness of all citizens in protecting cultivated land; im- prove the law of cultivated land protection and enhance the seriousness of the law on the protection of cultivated land.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in extremely elderly patients:An analysis of clinical characteristics,prognosis and patient survival

AIM： To identify the clinical and prognostic features of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） aged 80 years or more. METHODS： A total of 1310 patients with HCC were included in this study. Ninety-one patients aged 80 years or more at the time of diagnosis of HCC were defined as the extremely elderly group. Two hundred and thirty-four patients aged 〉/ 50 years but less than 60 years were regarded as the non-elderly group. RESULTS： The sex ratio （male to female） was significantly lower in the extremely elderly group （0.90：1） than in the non-elderly group （3.9：1, P〈 0.001）. The positive rate for HBsAg was significantly lower in the extremely elderly group and the proportion of patients negative for HBsAg and HCVAb obviously increased in the extremely elderly group （P〈 0.001）. There were no significant differences in the following parameters： diameter and number of tumors, Child-Pugh grading, tumor staging, presence of portal thrombosis or ascites, and positive rate for HCVAb. Extremely elderly patients did not often receive surgical treatment （P 〈 0.001） and they were more likely to receive conservative treatment （P〈 0.01）. There were no significant differences in survival curves based on the Kaplan-Meier methods in comparison with the overall patients between the two groups. However, the survival curves were significantly worse in the extremely elderly patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ, stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ and Child-Pugh grade A cirrhosis in comparison with the non-elderly group. The causes of death did not differ among the patients, and most cases died of liverrelated diseases even in the extremely elderly patients. CONCLUSION： In the patients with good liver functions and good performance status, aggressive treatment for HCC might improve the survival rate, even in extremely elderly patients.

Study on Model for Assessment of Quality Management Performance of Coal Preparation Plant in CIMS

In this paper the method to calculate intangible quality cost is put forward for the first time based on the production and management characteristics of coal preparation plant. A model for assessment of quality management performance of coal preparation plant is established on the ground of quality cost. By using of CIMS integration environment the strategy to carry out the model and the application example are also offered. It provides a new and feasible way to assess performance quality management of coal preparation plant.

IMPROVING QUALITY SERVICE THROUGH BALANCED SCORECARD

Resting on the principle of “What you measure is what you get”, the balanced scorecard helps link and translate vague corporate strategy to individual performance. In addition to the traditional financial perspective goals, the scorecard suggests a holistic, flexible, powerful and balanced approach to measuring and managing corporate performance. Measures from the perspectives of customer, process and learning are identified as drivers for financial performance. The process of developing the balanced scorecard clarifies and communicate corporate strategy to every employee in the organization. The goals of respective business units and individuals can thus be aligned to improve overall quality service.

Scientific Research in Universities of Vietnam in Present and Its Effects on Training Quality

In this paper, the author presented an overview of scientific research in universities of Vietnam in present and analyzed and assessed its effects on the quality of education in universities. The information to write this article was obtained in the references and from the management practice for the universities and the research institute.

Visual representation and characterization of three-dimensional hydrofracturing cracks within heterogeneous rock through 3D printing and transparent models

The heterogeneity of unconventional reservoir rock tremendously affects its hydrofracturing behavior. A visual representation and accurate characterization of the three-dimensional （3D） growth and distribution of hydrofracturing cracks within heterogeneous rocks is of particular use to the design and implementation of hydrofracturing stimulation of unconventional reservoirs. However, because of the difficulties involved in visually representing and quantitatively characterizing a 3D hydrofracturing crack-network, this issue remains a challenge. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for physically visualizing and quantitatively characterizing the 3D hydrofracturing crack-network distributed through a heterogeneous structure based on a natural glutenite sample. This method incorporates X-ray microfocus computed tomography （μCT）, 3D printing models and hydrofracturing triaxial tests to represent visually the heterogeneous structure, and the 3D crack growth and distribution within a transparent rock model during hydrofracturing. The coupled effects of material heterogeneity and confining geostress on the 3D crack initiation and propagation were analyzed. The results indicate that the breakdown pressure of a heterogeneous rock model is significantly affected by material heterogeneity and confining geostress. The measured breakdown pressures of heterogeneous models are apparently different from those predicted by traditional theories. This study helps to elucidate the quantitative visualization and characterization of the mechanism and influencing factors that determine the hydrofracturing crack initiation and propagation in heterogeneous reservoir rocks.

Laboratory and field experiment on measurement of soil thermal conductivity by probe method

The authors presented a new measuring method of the soil thermal conductivity,the probe method,which is designed and made based on the theory of line heat source. This method is used to measure thermal conductivity of coarse sand,fine sand and silty clay in different water contents. The results that measured by the probe method are well consistent with those of QTM-D_2. The soil thermal conductivity increases in different levels with the increase of the water content. Compared the soil thermal conductivity measured by the probe method in laboratory with in-situ experiment,it shows that the measuring gap gradually increases with the increase of the depth. The reason is that the in-situ measuring thermal conductivity can reflect the actual situation of the soil mass.

学术性与职业性的融合:高等教育质量观的新取向

基于学术性和职业性两种基本属性,形成了高等教育的两种质量观,并以历时性和文化性相互纠结共同构成高等教育的发展史。当前高等教育已进入大众化阶段,居于主导地位的学术性高等教育质量观亟待进行变革。本文提出,以博耶的大学术观作为理论依据,学术性与职业性的融合将是我国未来高等教育质量观的重要走向。