智能手机组装线质量-可靠性耦合建模与评估方法

为研究多装配阶段因素因果关联致使产线良率传导与形成的机理,以实验室手机组装数字孪生产线为原型测试平台,围绕该平台锁螺丝、点胶两大工艺段良率问题,从因果关联关系出发,提出智能手机组装工艺过程产品质量-设备可靠性耦合建模方法,构建考虑多阶段因果要素关联的动态贝叶斯网络(dynamic Bayesian network,DBN)模型,并进行影响最终良率形成的溯因分析与重要度评价。所提方法的可用性和有效性在手机组装数字孪生产线上获得了测试和验证,所提方法可为产线良率损失阻隔机制、产线预防性维护决策提供性能评估支撑。

Test case generation based on orthogonal table for software black-box testing

Software testing is an important means to assure the software quality. This paper presents a practicable method to generate test cases of software testing, which is operational and high efficient. We discuss the identification of software specification categories and choices and make a classification tree. Based on the orthogonal array, it is easy to generate test cases. The number of this method is less than that of all combination of the choices.

Quality Control of ARGO Data Based on Climatological T-S Models

By implementing the ARGO program, a large number of T-S profiles can be observed in the world ocean. However, it is very difficult to examine changes of the sensitivity of the sensors equipped at the ARGO floats, because it is difficult to understand their condition in the sea and the reliability of the data. Quality control must be done in order to avoid the wrong conclusion deduced from the wrong data. One of the realistic methods for quality control of the ARGO data is the comparison with the local climatology. High quality climatological T-S models in northwest Pacific have been built based on the Nansen bottle data and CTD data for the quality control in NMDIS. The models are used to check the ARGO data in this area and have got good result.

基于服务包的服务管理竞争行为分析

企业通过服务差异化来塑造竞争优势。本文主要阐述服务包的重要概念,深度剖析企业竞争行为的属性及特点,并通过”质量可靠性-服务个性化”矩阵来探讨企业竞争行为战略的决策方法。

Heterogeneity and renal mass biopsy:a review of its role and reliability

Increased abdominal imaging has led to an increase in the detection of the incidental small renal mass(SRM). With increasing recognition that the malignant potential of SRMs is heterogeneous, ranging from benign(15%-20%) to aggressive(20%), enthusiasm for more conservative management strategies in the elderly and infirmed, such as active surveillance(AS), have grown considerably. As the management of the SRM evolves to incorporate ablative techniques and AS for low risk disease, the role of renal mass biopsy(RMB) to help guide individualized therapy is evolving. Historically, the role of RMB was limited to the evaluation of suspected metastatic disease, renal abscess, or lymphoma. However, in the contemporary era, the role of biopsy has grown, most notably to identify patients who harbor benign lesions and for whom treatment, particularly the elderly or frail, may be avoided. When performing a RMB to guide initial clinical decision making for small, localized tumors, the most relevant questions are often relegated to proof of malignancy and documentation(if possible) of grade. However, significant intratumoral heterogeneity has been identified in clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC) that may lead to an underestimation of the genetic complexity of a tumor when single-biopsy procedures are used. Heterogeneous genomic landscapes and branched parallel evolution of ccRCCs with spatially separated subclones creates an illusion of clonal dominance when assessed by single biopsies and raises important questions regarding how tumors can be optimally sampled and whether future evolutionary tumor branches might be predictable and ultimately targetable. This work raises profound questions concerning the genetic landscape of cancer and how tumor heterogeneity may affect, and possibly confound, targeted diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss the current role of RMB, the implications of tumor heterogeneity on diagnostic accuracy, and highlight promising future directions.

ROBUST DESIGN AND RELIABILITY

This paper discusses many fundamental relationships between robust design methods and reliability improvement. There are 3 approaches in robust design, system design, parameter design and tolerance design. All three approaches can be used to improve product reliability in different aspects. Robust design method and reliability engineering should be combined to enhance the overall product quality and reliability.

Reliable evaluation method of quality control for compressive strength of concrete

Concrete in reinforced concrete structure (RC) is generally under significant compressive stress load. To guarantee required quality and ductility, various tests have to be conducted to measure the concrete’s compressive strength based on ACI (American Concrete Institute) code. Investigations of recent devastating collapses of structures around the world showed that some of the collapses directly resulted from the poor quality of the concrete. The lesson learned from these tragedies is that guaranteeing high quality of concrete is one of the most important factors ensuring the safety of the reinforced concrete structure. In order to ensure high quality of concrete, a new method for analyzing and evaluating the concrete production process is called for. In this paper, the indices of fit and stable degree are proposed as basis to evaluate the fitness and stability of concrete’s compressive strength. These two indices are combined to define and evaluate the quality index of the compressive strength of concrete. Prin-ciples of statistics are used to derive the best estimators of these indices. Based on the outcome of the study, a concrete compres-sive strength quality control chart is proposed as a tool to help the evaluation process. Finally, a new evaluation procedure to assess the quality control capability of the individual concrete manufacturer is also proposed.

Development of a group support system to support collaborative works in value management workshops

Value Management (VM) is a rigorous and systematic approach to improve the value and optimise the overall cost of a facility. It identifies opportunities to remove unnecessary costs while assuring that quality, reliability, performance, and other critical factors will meet or exceed the customers’ expectations. It has been widely used in the construction industry in a number of countries. A recent survey, however, revealed several problems that hinder the wider use of this methodology in the industry. To overcome these problems, a feasibility study has been conducted to investigate whether or not a Group Support System (GSS) can support collaborative works in VM workshops. This paper introduces the development and structure of a prototype GSS which is designed to support the collaborative works of stakeholders in VM workshops. It begins with an introduction to the conceptual GSS framework and job plan, illustrating what GSS supports can be provided to VM workshops. This is followed by a detailed description of the GSS prototype system to demonstrate how these supports can be performed as an integrated computer system. The testing of the system is also discussed. The research findings provide strong evidence in supporting the notion of using GSS to improve VM implementation. The information support of GSS has been ranked to be the most useful GSS functions and most of the practitioners interviewed are highly interested in applying GSS to support VM workshops in the future.

Dynamic estimation and reliability control of quality assurance for bored piles

A systematic method was proposed to estimate the occurrence probability of defective piles(OPDP) from a site according to quality assurance inspection. The OPDP was firstly suggested as the criterion to weight the performance of a pile foundation. Its prior distribution and updating distribution were deduced to follow Beta distributions. To calibrate the OPDP, a dynamic estimation model was established according to the relationships between prior mean and variance and updating mean and variance. Finally, a reliability-control method dealing with uncertainties arising from quality assurance inspection was formalized to judge whether all the bored piles from a site can be accepted. It is exemplified that the OPDP can be substantially improved when more definite prior information and sampling formation become available. For the example studied herein, the Bayesian estimator of updating variance for OPDP is reduced from 0.0037 to 0.0014 for the first inspection, from 0.0014 to 0.0009 for the second inspection, and with less uncertainty by incorporating experience information.

A Method for Structuring Service Failure Factors to Realize Highly Reliable Services

As the society matures, customer requirements have become more varied. Services have been attracting increasing attention from industry and academic field as an effective mean to satisfy such varied customer requirements. In order to make a profit, it is important for companies to build and maintain long-term relationships with customers. Therefore, service providers should maintain their service quality and always satisfy their customers. To realize highly reliable product or services, in general, it is an effective approach to prevent failures from occurring in the use phase. Therefore, it is necessary that analysts identify the factors that could cause service failure and take appropriate measures against the target failure factor in advance. However, service failure factors are varied compared to physical products because service failures occur due to uncertainty elements such as human factors. In this study, we aim to enable service analysts to identify the critical failure factor from a number of failure factors. To achieve this, we identify complex failure factors and relationships among them from the viewpoint of the field where the service provided. This paper proposes a method for structuring the causal sequence between service failure factors by using a method of system modeling.

基于遗传算法的公路施工项目成本优化研究

将公路工程项目视为一个复杂网络系统工程,定义了质量与可靠性,分析了公路工程施工成本和可靠性的关系,应用遗传算法构建了基于质量可靠性的施工成本优化的数学模型,并采用罚函数改善了遗传算法的收敛性能,对成本优化的数学模型进行了优化。最后,给出了实例验证了新的成本优化方法的优越性,使公路工程中的可靠性与经济性结合起来,为施工成本优化作了有益的探索。

Brief Introduction to and Review on Elements of Computational Statistics

A brief introduction and review of new book about the Elements of Computational Statistics is given.

Further Support of the Reliability of the Limit on Photon Mass Given by the Rotating Torsion Balance Experiment

We consider there is a vacancy in the plasma in the solar system,and calculate the vector potential produced by the magnetic field frozen in the plasma.The result shows that,in the vacancy,the vector potential produced by the magnetic field frozen in the plasma is much less than the large scale cosmic vector potential.This means if our earth is in such a vacancy,the total vector potential on the surface of the earth is dominated by the cosmic magnetic vector potential,which gives a further support of the reliability of the limit on photon mass given by rotating torsion balance experiment [Phys.Rev.Lett.90(2003) 081801].