This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project(version 7)database to calculate embodied CO2emissions in bilateral trade between China and other countries(regions)based on input-output methods.The sources and flows ...This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project(version 7)database to calculate embodied CO2emissions in bilateral trade between China and other countries(regions)based on input-output methods.The sources and flows of embodied CO2emissions in import and export trade of China are analyzed.Results show that the flows of embodied CO2emissions in export trade are highly concentrated.The main flows to the United States(US)and Japan account for 1/4 and 1/7 of the total CO2emissions in export trade,respectively.Concentrated flows of total exports and small differences in export structure are the main reasons for the highly concentrated export trade.The sources of embodied CO2emissions in import trade have relatively low concentration.Taiwan Province of China,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,US,Russia,Republic of Korea,and Japan account for around 7.72%–12.67%of the total embodied CO2emissions in import trade.The relative dispersion of import sources,the impact of the import structure,and the level of production technology in importing countries caused low concentration of CO2emissions in import trade.Overall,the embodied CO2emissions in the export trade of China are higher than those in import trade.As a result,production-based CO2emissions are higher than consumption-based CO2emissions.The difference of 8.96×108t of CO2,which comes mainly from the US,Japan,Germany,and the United Kingdom,accounts for 58.70%of the total difference.Some suggestions,such as improving energy efficiency,alerting high carbon-intensive industries transfer,expanding the market for sharing risks,and prompting the accounting system of consumption-based CO2emissions,are proposed based on the results.展开更多
Based on the procedure of dynamic programming,this paper investigates the military spending,trade and wealth accumulation in a stochastic endogenous economic growth model.For the Cobb-Dauglas utility function,explicit...Based on the procedure of dynamic programming,this paper investigates the military spending,trade and wealth accumulation in a stochastic endogenous economic growth model.For the Cobb-Dauglas utility function,explicit solutions of the optimal problem of the home country are obtained.Meanwhile,the optimal consumptions of domestic goods and foreign goods,the share of domestic capital stock and foreign bond holdings are derived explicitly.The comparative dynamic analysis shows that when intertemporal substitution in consumption is relative elastic,economic growth has a positive correlation with foreign military spending,has a negative correlation with variance of foreign military spending,and has a positive correlation with variance of capital or bonds if capital and bonds yields the same benefits.However,in the case of inelasticity,variance of foreign military spending may stimulate or weaken economic development.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40905062,71103012)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB955904)
文摘This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project(version 7)database to calculate embodied CO2emissions in bilateral trade between China and other countries(regions)based on input-output methods.The sources and flows of embodied CO2emissions in import and export trade of China are analyzed.Results show that the flows of embodied CO2emissions in export trade are highly concentrated.The main flows to the United States(US)and Japan account for 1/4 and 1/7 of the total CO2emissions in export trade,respectively.Concentrated flows of total exports and small differences in export structure are the main reasons for the highly concentrated export trade.The sources of embodied CO2emissions in import trade have relatively low concentration.Taiwan Province of China,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,US,Russia,Republic of Korea,and Japan account for around 7.72%–12.67%of the total embodied CO2emissions in import trade.The relative dispersion of import sources,the impact of the import structure,and the level of production technology in importing countries caused low concentration of CO2emissions in import trade.Overall,the embodied CO2emissions in the export trade of China are higher than those in import trade.As a result,production-based CO2emissions are higher than consumption-based CO2emissions.The difference of 8.96×108t of CO2,which comes mainly from the US,Japan,Germany,and the United Kingdom,accounts for 58.70%of the total difference.Some suggestions,such as improving energy efficiency,alerting high carbon-intensive industries transfer,expanding the market for sharing risks,and prompting the accounting system of consumption-based CO2emissions,are proposed based on the results.
基金supported by Training Program for the Major Fundamental Research of Central University of Finance and Economics under Grant No.14ZZD001Beijing Nova Program under Grant No.Z131109000413029Beijing Finance Funds of Natural Science Program for Excellent Talents under Grant No.2014000026833ZK19
文摘Based on the procedure of dynamic programming,this paper investigates the military spending,trade and wealth accumulation in a stochastic endogenous economic growth model.For the Cobb-Dauglas utility function,explicit solutions of the optimal problem of the home country are obtained.Meanwhile,the optimal consumptions of domestic goods and foreign goods,the share of domestic capital stock and foreign bond holdings are derived explicitly.The comparative dynamic analysis shows that when intertemporal substitution in consumption is relative elastic,economic growth has a positive correlation with foreign military spending,has a negative correlation with variance of foreign military spending,and has a positive correlation with variance of capital or bonds if capital and bonds yields the same benefits.However,in the case of inelasticity,variance of foreign military spending may stimulate or weaken economic development.
