跨文化研究理论透视——从霍夫斯塔德到费尔南德斯

本文对国际跨文化研究领域中一个重要的理论流派 ,霍夫斯塔德的文化层面理论 ,以及 3个重要的后续确定性研究进行了深入的阐述和批判性探讨 ,为我国的跨文化交际研究提出了一个可以借鉴的理论框架和视角。从事跨文化交际的理论研究有助于我们更好地揭示文化价值与人际交流 ,以及文化价值与社会活动或组织行为之间的关系。这一理论框架对于我们进行跨文化环境下的各种研究 ,包括人际交际、企业管理。

从跨文化视角看中美等国的价值观变化——霍夫斯泰德与费尔南德斯文化价值理论比较

本文对霍夫斯泰德文化价值理论及其重要的后续研究之一——费尔南德斯等人的研究进行了系统梳理,通过对比霍氏和费氏两项研究所得数据,探究了费氏研究中9个国家25年后在价值观上所发生的变化及其成因;并对中国在霍氏最先提出的4个价值观维度上所发生的变化进行了比较分析。本文对西方重要的文化价值理论体系进行全面系统的梳理,旨在激励我们能够早日建构一个以中国传统文化为理论基础的具有中国特色的文化价值理论体系。

美国裁判文书说理的微观察——从费尔南德斯案的司法意见书切入

美国裁判文书说理是当今世界裁判文书说理的主要模式之一,具有说理内容的针对性、说理方式的多元性、法官意见的公开性、法官说理的保障性等主要特点,但也在写作模式、说理内容、说理形式、说理个性等方面存在缺陷和不足,美国本土的法官和学者对此亦有不少批评。我国增强裁判文书说理性可以适当借鉴美国裁判文书说理在技术上和制度上的合理因素,但也要充分认识其弊端,同时考虑到我国司法制度的实际情况,有针对性地加强裁判文书的说理内容。

体系压力、国内政治与阿根廷左翼务实主义南极政策

阿根廷费尔南德斯政府执政四年来在南极政策上采取了异于前任政府的左翼务实主义路线。为探寻阿根廷南极政策形成的内在逻辑,以新古典现实主义为理论基础,结合定性分析法,通过体系—单元—国家政策的推理路径,形成了费尔南德斯政府南极政策的系统性解释。研究发现,费尔南德斯政府的南极政策是体系和单元两大层面共同作用的产物。在体系层面,不断加剧的大国博弈与南极条约体系中的各国竞合主导了费尔南德斯政府南极政策的左翼化进程。在单元层面,费尔南德斯政府决策层对体系环境的意象认知与以庇隆主义为代表的阿根廷左翼政治文化两大中介变量强化了体系刺激,助推了费尔南德斯政府南极政策的出台。而费尔南德斯政府兼具主权意识和务实主义色彩的南极政策,也对全球极地政治格局造成了一定影响。

Role of Lichens in Weathering and Soil－Forming Pro－cesses in Fildes Peninsula，Antarctic

Lichens play an unparalleledly vital role in weathering and soil-forming processes in Antarctic region. Inthis study some related chemical components and micromorphological analyses have been carried out on thesamples of the weathered rocks and the lichens grown on them from Fildes Peninsula, Antarctic. The resultsindicated that the major chemical components in the bioweathering surface layer of the sampled rocks havebeen obviously altered and the weathering potential in this layer has greatly decreased by an average rangearound 4.66 percent in 4 samples. In the weathering surface layer ferruginmation of some minerals in varyingdegrees was seen by means of microscopic examination through the thin section of the weathered rocks, andits products proved to be dominated by hematite, limonite, goethite and free iron oxides Meanwhile, thestudy suggested that the dissolntion and absorption of lichens by their secretion accelerated the process ofcalcitization of minerals in the bicaweathering surface layer. Eventually, the results aIso show that differentspeciesof lichens play different roles in weathering and soilforming processes.

Behaviours of Main Elements in Soil-Forming Processesof Fildes Peninsula, the Maritime Antarctic

Nine horizon samples of three soil profiles representative of Dystri-gelic Cambisol, Fibri-gelic Histosoland Relic Ornithosol were taken from Fildes Peninsula of King George Island, Antarctica, to quantitativelydemonstrate the enrichment, migration and loss of the elements (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, K, Na and P) insoil horizons and their behaviours within profiles by application of the concept of the enrichment coefficientcalculated in terms of the abundance of Ti. Besides, six horizon samples of 4 other profiles randomly takenfrom the studied area were examined for calculation of the redistributing enrichment coefficient, which wasapplied for a better understanding of the element redistribution between soil and clay fraction along with soildevelopment. The results showed that the enrichment, migration and redistribution of the elements variedstrongly among the investigated soils and horizons, due to the differences of weathering degrees and moisturestatus, influences of sea bird activities, etc.

Rock Weathering Tendency at Different Stages of Soil－Forming Processes in Fildes Peninsula， Antarctic

From the view of energy state of material, this paper introduces a concept of weathering potential in carrying out quantitative calculation of the relevant products at different stages of rock-weathering and primary soil-forming processes, elaborates respectively on weathering degree in the bio-weathering layer of rocks and during the formation of soil material and clay, and evaluats the further tendency of weathering in the above-mentioned stages. The authors have discovered that the scales of weathering potential of the materials increase successively in the three stages, which indicates that the products in the above-mentioned three stages must have undergone stronger and stronger weathering in the primitive forming process of soil in Fildes Peninsula, Antarctic. But, because of relatively weak chemical weathering, it is reasonable that there are much more skeleton grains and little clay in primary soils in this region. Meanwhile, the authors have also verified that the weathering potential of crude rock determines to some extent decrease in the products' weathering potential in the different stages in primary soil-forming, thereby plays an important role in the genesis and development of the primary soil in the studied area.