The electricity cost of agricultural irrigation and drainage in the Dahe Ex- periment Station was analyzed. The results showed that from 2012 to 2016, the annual total power and total electricity cost increased year b...The electricity cost of agricultural irrigation and drainage in the Dahe Ex- periment Station was analyzed. The results showed that from 2012 to 2016, the annual total power and total electricity cost increased year by year. The higher the electricity consumption was, the lower the factor adjusted power price was. The an- nual factor adjusted power price decreased from 532.5 yuan （above the national standard） to -599.78 yuan （below the national standard）. The electricity consumption was always highest in June. The more the rainfall from June to September was, the less the monthly electricity usage was. The collect electricity charge to total electricity charge ratio was 1.26%-1.34%, the directory electricity charge to total electricity charge ratio was 96.34%-99.80%, and the electricity loss of transformer was 288-496 kW/h.展开更多
When examining the file transfer performance in a peer-to-peer file sharing system, a fundamental problem is how to describe the service rate for a file transfer. In this paper, the problem is examined by analyzing th...When examining the file transfer performance in a peer-to-peer file sharing system, a fundamental problem is how to describe the service rate for a file transfer. In this paper, the problem is examined by analyzing the distribution of server-like nodes' upstream-bandwidth among their concurrent transfers. A sufficient condition for the service rate, what a receiver obtains for downloading a file, to asymptotically be uniform is presented. On the aggregate service rate for transferring a file in a system, a sufficient condition for it to asymptotically follow a Zipf distribution is presented. These asymptotic equalities are both in the mean square sense. These analyses and the sufficient conditions provide a mathematic base for modeling file transfer processes in peer-to-peer file sharing systems.展开更多
There are several ways to increase the efficiency of energy consumption and to decrease energy consumption. In this paper. the application of pinch technology in analysis of the heat exchangers network （HEN） in orde...There are several ways to increase the efficiency of energy consumption and to decrease energy consumption. In this paper. the application of pinch technology in analysis of the heat exchangers network （HEN） in order to reduce the energy consumption in a thermal system is studied. Therefore, in this grass root design, the optimum value of △Tmin, is obtained about 10℃and area efficiency （a） is 0.95. The author also depicted the grid diagram and driving force plot for additional analysis. In order to increase the amount of energy saving, heat transfer from above to below the pinch point in the diagnosis stage is verified for all options including re-sequencing, re-piping, add heat exchanger and splitting of the flows. Results show that this network has a low potential of retrofit to decrease the energy consumption, which pinch principles are planned to optimize energy consumption of the unit. Regarding the results of pinch analysis, it is suggested that in order to reduce the energy consumption, no alternative changes in the heat exchangers network of the unit is required. The acquired results show that the constancy of network is completely confirmed by the high area efficiency infirmity of the heat exchanger to pass the pinch point and from of deriving force plot.展开更多
Little studies and analysis have been undertaken to investigate the housing determinants of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, explores the impacts of urban housing variables on the levels and pa...Little studies and analysis have been undertaken to investigate the housing determinants of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, explores the impacts of urban housing variables on the levels and patterns of under-five mortality in the country based on the SPSS （Statistic Package for Social Science） file of the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey （EDHS）. This survey covered a sample of about 4,420 households/housing units of urban Ethiopia. The under-five deaths are computed for women in the age group 15-49 by subtracting the number of children living from children ever born （CEB） and established the proportion dead by dividing deaths by CEB corresponding to the categorical variables of housing structure, facilities, and household durables. The analytical techniques of the study included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data analysis of the proportional variations of childhood mortality patterns being manifested by ＂bar graphs＂ with respect to housing situations as well as household durables. Amongst the categorical variables of the housing structures, facilities, and household durables with the highest no prevalence of under-five mortality levels are found to be the units of unconventional walls, thatched/leaf/reed roofing, animal dung flooring, shared pit latrine/use of bucket/bush, using kerosene, firewood/straw/charcoal for cooking, unconventional lighting, unprotected water supply, households with no durables.展开更多
文摘The electricity cost of agricultural irrigation and drainage in the Dahe Ex- periment Station was analyzed. The results showed that from 2012 to 2016, the annual total power and total electricity cost increased year by year. The higher the electricity consumption was, the lower the factor adjusted power price was. The an- nual factor adjusted power price decreased from 532.5 yuan （above the national standard） to -599.78 yuan （below the national standard）. The electricity consumption was always highest in June. The more the rainfall from June to September was, the less the monthly electricity usage was. The collect electricity charge to total electricity charge ratio was 1.26%-1.34%, the directory electricity charge to total electricity charge ratio was 96.34%-99.80%, and the electricity loss of transformer was 288-496 kW/h.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2007AA01Z457)Shanghai Science and Technology Development Fundation,China(No.07QA14033)
文摘When examining the file transfer performance in a peer-to-peer file sharing system, a fundamental problem is how to describe the service rate for a file transfer. In this paper, the problem is examined by analyzing the distribution of server-like nodes' upstream-bandwidth among their concurrent transfers. A sufficient condition for the service rate, what a receiver obtains for downloading a file, to asymptotically be uniform is presented. On the aggregate service rate for transferring a file in a system, a sufficient condition for it to asymptotically follow a Zipf distribution is presented. These asymptotic equalities are both in the mean square sense. These analyses and the sufficient conditions provide a mathematic base for modeling file transfer processes in peer-to-peer file sharing systems.
文摘There are several ways to increase the efficiency of energy consumption and to decrease energy consumption. In this paper. the application of pinch technology in analysis of the heat exchangers network （HEN） in order to reduce the energy consumption in a thermal system is studied. Therefore, in this grass root design, the optimum value of △Tmin, is obtained about 10℃and area efficiency （a） is 0.95. The author also depicted the grid diagram and driving force plot for additional analysis. In order to increase the amount of energy saving, heat transfer from above to below the pinch point in the diagnosis stage is verified for all options including re-sequencing, re-piping, add heat exchanger and splitting of the flows. Results show that this network has a low potential of retrofit to decrease the energy consumption, which pinch principles are planned to optimize energy consumption of the unit. Regarding the results of pinch analysis, it is suggested that in order to reduce the energy consumption, no alternative changes in the heat exchangers network of the unit is required. The acquired results show that the constancy of network is completely confirmed by the high area efficiency infirmity of the heat exchanger to pass the pinch point and from of deriving force plot.
文摘Little studies and analysis have been undertaken to investigate the housing determinants of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, explores the impacts of urban housing variables on the levels and patterns of under-five mortality in the country based on the SPSS （Statistic Package for Social Science） file of the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey （EDHS）. This survey covered a sample of about 4,420 households/housing units of urban Ethiopia. The under-five deaths are computed for women in the age group 15-49 by subtracting the number of children living from children ever born （CEB） and established the proportion dead by dividing deaths by CEB corresponding to the categorical variables of housing structure, facilities, and household durables. The analytical techniques of the study included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data analysis of the proportional variations of childhood mortality patterns being manifested by ＂bar graphs＂ with respect to housing situations as well as household durables. Amongst the categorical variables of the housing structures, facilities, and household durables with the highest no prevalence of under-five mortality levels are found to be the units of unconventional walls, thatched/leaf/reed roofing, animal dung flooring, shared pit latrine/use of bucket/bush, using kerosene, firewood/straw/charcoal for cooking, unconventional lighting, unprotected water supply, households with no durables.
