普适费米气体型能级密度公式及其参数

在费米气体模型基础上,考虑了低能修正,建立起了普适费米气体型能级密度公式。使用27.8个核素的平均中子共振间隔D数据及268个核素的能级累计数sN(E)数据,用最小二乘法,在高速计算机上拟合得到了一组普适参数。使用这组参数,D计算值的平均相对误差为36.51％,比实验值平均相对误差(26.69％)高38.6％。能级累计数N(E)的计算结果也有较大改进,其平均相对误差为40.56％,仅比在D计算值的平均相对误差高 14.3％。我们用若干组不同参数分别计算诸核素的D值和N(E)值,相对误差控制在20％以内。然后按核素列出它们的实验值和计算值,连同其相应参数,均在附录中给出,以便查阅。

非对称核物质中的液-气相变

天体演化和重离子碰撞的研究为核物理开辟了一个新的研究领域:核物质和有限核的相变,在高温高密度情况下,核子(强子)有可能散裂成自由的夸克-胶子等离子体(Quark-gluon plasma,QGP),这一过程被称为夸克退禁闭相变,而在低密度和中等温度(几MeV到二十几MeV),核将经历液-气相变。原则上讲。

Pauli Paramagnetic Susceptibility of an Ideal Anyon Gas within Haldane Fractional Exclusion Statistics

The finite-temperature Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility of a three-dimensional ideal anyon gas obeying Haldane fractional exclusion statistics is studied analytically.Different from the result of an ideal Fermi gas,the susceptibility of an ideal anyon gas depends on a statistical factor g in Haldane statistics model.The low-temperature and high-temperature behaviors of the susceptibility are investigated in detail.The Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility of the two-dimensional ideal anyons is also derived.It is found that the reciprocal of the susceptibility has the similar factorizable property which is exhibited in some thermodynamic quantities in two dimensions.