The paper presents comparatively detailed explanation on the difference between the balance sheet accounting of national accounts and accountancy balance sheet accounting. The paper also indicates how to transform the...The paper presents comparatively detailed explanation on the difference between the balance sheet accounting of national accounts and accountancy balance sheet accounting. The paper also indicates how to transform the later to the former.展开更多
Environmental accounting is a kind of accounting which focuses on the compensation for the resources spending. It combines the theories of environmental economics and traditional accounting and uses scientific as well...Environmental accounting is a kind of accounting which focuses on the compensation for the resources spending. It combines the theories of environmental economics and traditional accounting and uses scientific as well as systematic ways to coordinate the development of economics and the protection of environment. It is just in the primary process for forestry enterprises in China to introduce the research and practice of environmental accounting. Based on discussion about the principle of environmental information disclosure and analysis on the current situation of the environmental information disclosure of the forestry enterprises, this paper attempted to propose that the supplementary report mode of information disclosure should be appropriate for the forestry enterprises, which provide the balance sheet of environment, the income statement of environment besides the original three financial report to reflect the general environmental information of the enterprise.展开更多
With the introduction of IFRS （International Financial Reporting Standards） most of the intangibles are expensed on the income statement and hence they ＂disappear＂ from the balance sheet, while investments in tang...With the introduction of IFRS （International Financial Reporting Standards） most of the intangibles are expensed on the income statement and hence they ＂disappear＂ from the balance sheet, while investments in tangible assets are capitalized. Based on a sample of 128 firms, made up of 99 SMEs （Small and Medium Enterprises） and 29 large firms, and through a simulation of IAS （International Accounting Standards） transition, the authors＇ study finds that IAS 38 reduces the amount of intangible assets recognized on the balance sheet of SMEs, while large firms do not appear to experience such large reductions in their intangible assets. The differential effect of IAS 38 on SMEs and large firms can be explained by the different growth strategies of these firm types. SMEs largely depend on internal paths of growth and intangibles assets that typically arise from internal growth strategies are eliminated from the balance sheet under IAS 38. Larger firms are less exposed to such reductions in their intangibles assets, because they mostly follow external paths of growth and the treatment of those intangible assets that typically arise from external growth strategies requires the impairment test.展开更多
Intangible assets are parts of the companies＇ balance sheet, but given their intangible nature, they cannot be qualified as financial assets as other incomes can be. Therefore, the valuation, even if reflected in acc...Intangible assets are parts of the companies＇ balance sheet, but given their intangible nature, they cannot be qualified as financial assets as other incomes can be. Therefore, the valuation, even if reflected in accounting reports, is far from objective, and each company considers it in accordance with their sectors or auditors. Auditors, consultants, and business schools are developing alternative tools for measuring these assets, but there is not a consensus formula that quantifies the business value of intangibles. In recent years, communication analysts and consultants have developed brand valuation and reputation methodologies, which are starting to have a relative weight in business management. The proposed research work is a review of the current methodologies of reputation valuation as a starting point for creating a reference model formula for the valuation of intangibles that provide professionals and experts in the field with a worldwide recognized tool.展开更多
Many merger and reorganization is enterprises merger, because merger perplexing, the treatment of income tax accounting exists a variety of complex problems, the merging party obtains the net wealth of the combined pa...Many merger and reorganization is enterprises merger, because merger perplexing, the treatment of income tax accounting exists a variety of complex problems, the merging party obtains the net wealth of the combined party, some include the deferred income tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, there are not included. The merging party merger resulting combined balance in the merging process may affect the current income tax and deferred income tax, but also may not have any effect. This paper goes through the application case on enterprises merger＇ merging party or purchase party tax treatment to carry on analysis, which provides the major reference for accounting theory and accounting practice circles.展开更多
文摘The paper presents comparatively detailed explanation on the difference between the balance sheet accounting of national accounts and accountancy balance sheet accounting. The paper also indicates how to transform the later to the former.
文摘Environmental accounting is a kind of accounting which focuses on the compensation for the resources spending. It combines the theories of environmental economics and traditional accounting and uses scientific as well as systematic ways to coordinate the development of economics and the protection of environment. It is just in the primary process for forestry enterprises in China to introduce the research and practice of environmental accounting. Based on discussion about the principle of environmental information disclosure and analysis on the current situation of the environmental information disclosure of the forestry enterprises, this paper attempted to propose that the supplementary report mode of information disclosure should be appropriate for the forestry enterprises, which provide the balance sheet of environment, the income statement of environment besides the original three financial report to reflect the general environmental information of the enterprise.
文摘With the introduction of IFRS （International Financial Reporting Standards） most of the intangibles are expensed on the income statement and hence they ＂disappear＂ from the balance sheet, while investments in tangible assets are capitalized. Based on a sample of 128 firms, made up of 99 SMEs （Small and Medium Enterprises） and 29 large firms, and through a simulation of IAS （International Accounting Standards） transition, the authors＇ study finds that IAS 38 reduces the amount of intangible assets recognized on the balance sheet of SMEs, while large firms do not appear to experience such large reductions in their intangible assets. The differential effect of IAS 38 on SMEs and large firms can be explained by the different growth strategies of these firm types. SMEs largely depend on internal paths of growth and intangibles assets that typically arise from internal growth strategies are eliminated from the balance sheet under IAS 38. Larger firms are less exposed to such reductions in their intangibles assets, because they mostly follow external paths of growth and the treatment of those intangible assets that typically arise from external growth strategies requires the impairment test.
文摘Intangible assets are parts of the companies＇ balance sheet, but given their intangible nature, they cannot be qualified as financial assets as other incomes can be. Therefore, the valuation, even if reflected in accounting reports, is far from objective, and each company considers it in accordance with their sectors or auditors. Auditors, consultants, and business schools are developing alternative tools for measuring these assets, but there is not a consensus formula that quantifies the business value of intangibles. In recent years, communication analysts and consultants have developed brand valuation and reputation methodologies, which are starting to have a relative weight in business management. The proposed research work is a review of the current methodologies of reputation valuation as a starting point for creating a reference model formula for the valuation of intangibles that provide professionals and experts in the field with a worldwide recognized tool.
文摘Many merger and reorganization is enterprises merger, because merger perplexing, the treatment of income tax accounting exists a variety of complex problems, the merging party obtains the net wealth of the combined party, some include the deferred income tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, there are not included. The merging party merger resulting combined balance in the merging process may affect the current income tax and deferred income tax, but also may not have any effect. This paper goes through the application case on enterprises merger＇ merging party or purchase party tax treatment to carry on analysis, which provides the major reference for accounting theory and accounting practice circles.
