废晶硅太阳能电池资源化分类回收技术研究

晶硅太阳能电池报废后将会产生大量固体废弃物。采用不同浓度盐酸、硝酸和硝酸-氢氟酸混酸分步回收废晶硅太阳能电池中的铝、银和硅,得到了室温下废晶硅太阳能电池资源化回收技术的最佳参数:经20%(体积分数,下同)盐酸反应40min,铝浸出率为99.77%;经35%硝酸反应30 min,银浸出率为99.60%;经40%硝酸-6%氢氟酸混酸反应75 min,硅回收率为85.51%。

浅谈政府机关垃圾分类回收与资源化利用

对目前垃圾处理问题已经成为热点,垃圾也是一种资源,通过对政府机关垃圾的分类,根据不同类型的垃圾,分别提出了回收与资源化利用的建议与措施。

关于城市生活垃圾减量化和资源化的再思考

减量化和资源化是处理生活垃圾的重要原则。本文对贵州省贵阳市生活垃圾减量化和资源化的现状进行剖析,发现存在一些问题,由此提出了加强政府统一引导,加大基础设施投入;加大垃圾分类宣传,征收垃圾处理费由定额制向从量制转变;建设生活垃圾资源化市场,推进垃圾资源产业化;开展可持续填埋,实现填埋场向巨型中转站转变等建议和措施。

中国城市垃圾分类回收及资源化管理的现状与解决对策研究

随着经济的不断发展和生活水平的提高,我国因为垃圾问题造成的社会相关矛盾不断增加,在城市垃圾分类回收以及资源管理上迫切需要得到有效的解决。城市垃圾分类回收以及资源管理无法有效解决,给市民的生活和生态环境保护都带来了众多的压力和困扰,这个问题的解决具有十分重要的意义。目前,我国的垃圾分类回收以及资源管理中还存在较多的问题,比如垃圾分类回收管理政府职能部门多,管理秩序较为混乱;垃圾分类回收的基础设施管理维护不到位,宣传不到位;政府财政资金无法支撑不断增加的垃圾处理费用等。为此本文提出了一些针对性的问题解决策略,比如建立统一协调的上层牵头管理部门,借鉴国外垃圾收费的优秀经验与我国国情充分结合,引入市场调节机制为垃圾分类回收以及资源化管理注入活力等。

大型磷化工基地水资源梯级利用探讨

阐述了典型大型磷化工基地水资源利用现状,分析了当前磷化工基地水资源利用难点及存在的问题,从装置小循环、基地大循环、清污分流、分类资源化利用污水,进而减少一次水用量等多个方面,对大型磷化工基地水资源梯级资源化利用进行了探讨。

卧螺离心机在餐饮行业废水处理中的工艺研究

指出了餐饮行业产生的废水(泔水)可以作为一种资源被回收利用,探讨了通过工艺上的改进,采用卧螺离心机对泔水进行规模化分离处理,达到高效分离的目的,从而使泔水得到"资源化"的分类处理。

Essential Oil Composition of Six Pinus L. Taxa （Pinaceae） from Canada and Their Chemotaxonomy

In this study six Pinus L. taxa from Canada （P. strobus L., P. parviflora Siebold ＆ Zucc., P. mugo Turra subsp, mugo, P. resinosa Sol. ex Alton, P. flexilis E. James and P. nigra J. F. Arnold） were studied to determine on chemical characters of studied taxa. For this purpose, essential oil from needles of the six Pinus taxa were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 38, 33, 39, 28, 31 and 46 compounds were respectively identified from each species representing 95.90%, 95.07%, 95.79%, 96.20%, 93.05% and 96.25% of the oil. The results have given some clues on the chemotaxonomy of this genus and are of usable potentials of the plants as renewable resources. Although the essential oil composition of studied taxa showed chemical divergences because of climatical, seasonal, geographical and geological factors, but the major compounds of plant derivatives are generally similar and the major compounds are chemotaxonomical markers for studied taxa.

Variation in the distribution of wintering anchovy Engraulis japonicus and its relationship with water temperature in the central and southern Yellow Sea

In the present study,we investigated a shift in the spatial distribution of wintering anchovy(Engraulis japonicus)and its relationship with water temperature,using data collected by bottom trawl surveys and remote sensing in the central and southern Yellow Sea,during 2000–2015.Our results indicate that the latitudinal distribution of wintering anchovy varied between years,but there was no consistent pattern in the direction of change(north or south).Wintering anchovy did not move northward with increasing water temperature.However,the latitudinal distribution of wintering anchovy correlated well with 10°C and 11°C isotherms.The results of both a one-step and a two-step generalized additive model indicated that water temperature was associated with both presence and biomass of wintering anchovy.This paper is the fi rst to systematically examine the relationship between anchovy distribution and water temperature using a variety of techniques.All the fi ndings confi rm the impact of water temperature on wintering anchovy distribution,which has important implications for the continued management of the anchovy resource and the enhancement of marine fi shery resources in the Yellow Sea,especially as the climate changes.However water temperature only partly explains the species distribution of anchovy,and stock characteristics also aff ect fi shery distribution.Therefore,other factors should be considered in future research.

餐厨垃圾饲养黑水虻虫体脂肪酸组分分析与高值化应用

黑水虻幼虫作为有机废弃物生物转化器,可以高效安全的降解餐厨垃圾,将其转化为自身营养物质,实现餐厨垃圾的资源化利用。以5龄及预蛹时期黑水虻幼虫虫体油脂作为试验原料提取脂肪酸,并对脂肪酸进行甲酯化处理,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对脂肪酸组分进行测定分析。结果表明:5龄虫油甲酯化产物主要化学成分月桂酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯及亚油酸甲酯,4种脂肪酸各占总量的37.93%、19.50%、16.30%和14.35%;预蛹虫油甲酯化产物主要化学成分为月桂酸甲酯、油酸甲酯及棕榈酸甲酯,3种脂肪酸各占总量的54.11%、16.30%和14.57%。为充分开发黑水虻的应用价值,进一步推动我国餐厨垃圾资源化及虫体高值化应用提供可参考依据。