应用资源密度面积法估算东海区头足类资源量

根据2001年、2002年东海区渔业资源监测网海区站监测调查资料,采用资源密度面积法,对东海区大陆架海域头足类及其主要种类的资源量进行估算。结果显示:(1)东海区头足类资源密度2001年、2002年都以夏季为最高,分别为463.70 kg/km2和237.43 kg/km2;2001年春季和2002年冬季最低,分别为98.24kg/km2和125.43 kg/km2。(2)两年中太平洋褶柔鱼的年平均资源密度在所有头足类种类中都为最高,分别为145.07 kg/km2和101.85 kg/km2;而蛸类的资源密度为最低,分别为4.69 kg/km2和2.53 kg/km2。(3)2001年、2002年东海区大陆架海域的头足类资源量分别为375384.90 t和172692.90 t,以年平均资源量算出的MSY分别为238 553.56 t和144277.31 t。

东海大陆架海域蟹类资源量的评估

据1998年5、8、11月和1999年2月4个月在26°～33°N,127°E以西,水深20～120m的东海中北部大陆架海域,使用桁杆拖虾网进行虾蟹类资源调查所获资料,应用资源密度法首次估算了调查海域主要经济蟹类和总体的现存资源量和MSY,结果是:东海调查海域蟹类总资源量约为18.2×10~4t,MSY约为21.9×10~4t。估算出的蟹类现存资源量比当年渔获量略高,表明该海域蟹类资源总体利用不足,尚有一定潜力。文中还讨论了不同蟹类种类资源的不同利用程度,具体是三疣梭子蟹资源已达过度利用,而细点圆趾蟹、锈斑(虫寻)、日本(虫寻)、武士(虫寻)、光掌(虫寻)等蟹类资源则还利用不足,其中细点圆趾蟹是群体数量最大,最具有开发潜力的一种蟹类资源,MSY约为10.1×10~4t,最高资源密度达3375.0kg·km^(-2),为合理开发利用蟹类资源提供了基础资料。

A Limited Dependent Variable Analysis of Integrated Pest Management Adoption in Uganda

Integrated Pest Management （IPM） technologies can reduce pest damage to crops by emphasizing non-chemical control methods thereby reducing potential negative effects of chemicals on the environment while preserving profitability. This study investigates the adoption of eight IPM practices including intercropping, crop rotation, two improved varieties, incorporating a ＂striga chaser＂ in sorghum production, changing planting dates, altering planting density and fertilizer use. Explanatory variables include economic factors, social factors, management factors, and institutional factors. Results were consistent across logit and ordered logit analyses. Most factors affecting adoption across all crops and technologies are economic factors, including labor availability, technology resource requirements, technology complexity, and the level of expected benefits. Social factors are generally less associated with IPM technology adoption than either market or institutional factors. Results indicate that the evaluated technologies were scale-neutral and that farmer age and education level did not affect technology adoption.