自然资源开发地区产业结构调整的0-1目标规划方法

产业结构调整是自然资源开发地区实现可持续发展的必由之路。为优化投资结构,提高投资效益,从广义资源的角度,在二维度特征分类的基础上,建立了以资源转移和价值提升为基准的0-1目标规划数学模型。针对不同地区的主要矛盾,设计了转型主要参数和目标函数,给出了模型的求解方法和一个应用实例。

自然资源强力开发地区企业集聚与区域竞争力研究

对传统区域发展理论进行了评价,指出其中存在着一定的问题:过分强调自上而下的方式、重视物质基础设施而忽视社会资本、重视区域发展外力而忽视区域的内部力量、重宏观轻微观、重发达区而忽视欠发达区等.在此基础上,提出自然资源强力开发区的相关研究在一定程度上可弥补上述缺陷,是探索人地关系较为理想的研究地域.接着分析了自然资源强力开发地区中企业集聚的优势,并指出创新网络是提升区域竞争力的有效途径.最后,从企业集聚的视角设计了区域竞争力的研究思路.

青海藏族地区人力资源开发的困境及路径选择

我国西部地区贫困程度相对较深,不仅贫困面较大,而且贫困人口相对集中,作为西部欠发达地区之一的青海省贫困程度更是严重,尤其是青海省藏族地区,社会发展水平一直处于较低水平。近些年,虽然党的扶贫政策使青海省藏族地区的人们生活水平有所提高,但是,与发达国家相比较,依然存在很大的差距。社会经济的好转,人力资源是关键因素,因此,对青海省藏族地区的人力资源进行有效开发,对于促进经济快速发展具有重要意义。

中国特色流域生态文明观的新探索——兼评《长江上游地区水电资源开发研究》

当代人类所面临的资源与气候危机,不仅仅是资源与环境的危机,更是工业文明模式的危机。在市场竞争决定的成本计算体系与交易机制中,由于无法对具有公共产品特性的生态环境进行定价,由此形成了工业化所造成的生态环境污染的代价无法内生为工业经济必须补偿的成本。不可再生资源的有限性与生态环境补偿的缺失成本,构成了工业经济发展不能突破的自然边界。

资源开发与环境均衡发展研究——阿勒泰地区矿产资源开发与环境影响实证分析

如何做到资源开发与环境均衡协调发展?本文选取新疆阿勒泰地区资源开发与环境保护实例,主要通过计量经济分析软件Eviews中的协整检验和葛兰杰因果检验,来研究资源开发与环境污染之间的协整关系和各变量之间的因果关系,认为当前经济增长仍然以环境恶化为代价,政府在经济增长与环境代价之间必须做出合理抉择,提出政府以行政手段约束经济增长对环境的过度影响与破坏,是保护环境、有效治理污染的最有效途径。

对实施国家缓解地区差距政策的十项建议

对实施国家缓解地区差距政策的十项建议全国政协副主席杨汝岱编者按：全国政协八届四次会议于三月在北京胜利召开。在会议期间，建设、振兴中西部成为委员们参政议政的重要话题。本刊特刊发几位委员关于这方面的大会发言摘要，以飨读者。李鹏总理在报告中指出，＂九五＂时...

科学构筑生存防线的成功探索——读《开发·保护·崛起——西部大开发与民族地区生态资源的保护利用》

中国西部大开发，是人类开发史上的伟大创举。由于目标十分宏大，情况极其复杂，西部大开发过程中，必须克服许多障碍，解决许多难题。其中最大的难题是在西部大开发中怎样科学地构筑起中国人的生存防线。

“寻根源、找办法、求出路”之根源篇 甘肃省经济社会发展与环境保护的基本状况

工业对经济发展支撑作用明显，但仍处在工业化初级阶段 甘肃省是一个生态环境比较脆弱的省份，也是以能源原材料工业为主的“结构性”污染比较严重的资源开发地区。2007年，全省实现生产总值2699．20亿元，比上年增长12．1％。2001年到2007年，全省工业增加值由355亿元增加到1066亿元。全省经济发展中第一产业占15％，第二产业占46％，第三产业占39％。其中，第二产业在“十五”期间提高了接近7％，主要得益于工业经济的快速发展。石化、有色、冶金、电力、食品、机械六大支柱行业实现利润占全省规模以上工业企业利润的92．7％，支柱行业支撑作用十分明显。

Technologies of oxygen supply for life support during the development of mineral resources in high altitude areas

In order to fulfill the needs of life-support oxygen supply during the development of plateau mineral resources,four oxygen supply patterns suitable for the plateau mine in specific environment were developed:tunnel face diffusive oxygen supply,tunnel oxygen-bar car,carried oxygen cylinder and portable oxygen generator. Through the study of safety oxygen supply experiments in low- pressure plateau areas,the mathematical relationship between maximum integration of secure oxygen volume and altitude has been achieved. Oxygen supply safety control should follow this relationship in plateau mines during the time of executing tunnel face or in room air diffusive oxygen supply. The application results of life-support oxygen supplement technologies in the development of mineral resources in high altitude areas show that the oxygen supply for tunneling miners in plateau mines can not only effectively enhance the oxygen saturation,reduce the pulse rate and the breath rate per minute,but also improve various symptoms caused by altitude hypoxia and high-intensity physical labor.

Effect of coal resources development and compensation for damage to cultivated land in mining areas

The exploitation of coal resources inevitably affects, to different degrees, arable land resources and impacts the socio-economic development in mining areas. Therefore it is of great practical importance to probe the rules of the effect from coal resource exploration on arable land. Suitable and effective measures to compensate for damaged to and loss of arable land resources should be taken on the basis of carrying out green mining and reducing damage to limited arable land resources. We have used GIS in simulating the effect of coal resource exploration on arable land. In light of our simulation of the space-time spectrum, the effect is analyzed. Given the socio-economic development conditions of a mining area, specified rational amounts and opportunities for compensation to arable land in mining areas are explored. Finally, from a policy perspective, relevant proposals for rational arable land resource compensation are proposed to facilitate the coordinated development between coal resource exploitation and socio-economy development in mining areas.

Geographical Space Development Zone Classification:An Essential Guide for Transformation of Mountain Resource Cities

Sustainable development of mountain areas and resource cities has been a significant issue worldwide. Transformation of mountain resource cities is facing tremendous difficulties. In the context of National Major Function-oriented Zone Planning raised to a national strategic level in China, it is important to effectively implement the planning by studying geographical space development zone classification of prefecture- and county-level cities based on their major function orientation. This research is even more critical for the transformation of mountain resource cities. In this study, we evaluated geographical space development suitability, and classified geographical space development zones for Dongchuan Distric in Kunming City of Yunan Province, China, a typical mountain resource city. A quantitative grid-based evaluation was conducted using key-factor identification and restrictive-supportive comprehensive index determinati based on a geographic information system framework with different source data. The results included a classification of geographical space of Dongchuan into five types: the prohibited development zone, the inappropriate development zone, the controlled development zone, the moderate development zone and the preferential development zone. The distribution characteristics of geographical space development zones showed that the proportion of the prohibited development zone is the highest, while that of the other four development zones is comparatively lower and significantly fragmented. The geographical space development suitability is greatly controlled by the geomorphic pattern. Although Dongchuan is extremely restrained in terms of suitable geographical space for industrialization and urbanization, it still has the certain preferential and moderate development zones with an area of 207.81 km2 with large parts being concentrated and contiguous, which makes these areas the most favorable for development. Only by adapting to this reality and implementing centralized development strategy in the regions with higher suitability may Dongchuan achieve smooth transformation from expansion mode to compact mode and its sustainable development capacity may be improved. Suggestions with an angle of industrial and spatial development pattern were put forward for the transformation of the city in future.

The Economic Effect of Mineral Resources Exploitation in Bijie Prefecture in Guizhou

The exploitation of mineral resources plays an important role in promoting national economic development. Mining is an essential component of China's industrial economy. Using grey correlation method to analyze the correlative effect of mineral resources exploitation to relevant industries, using national income method to calculate the pulling effect of mineral resources exploitation to economic growth and using graphs as well as tables to analyze the income distribution effect, the article obtains active economic effect of mineral resources development in Bijie, Guizhou. Moreover, from the view of resources-cored effect, the article analyzes negative effects such as single industrial structure brought by mineral resource development. Through analysis, we find that mineral resources exploitation to some extent brings active effects including gross domestic product growth, local financial revenue growth and relevant industries development; however, its negative effects should not be ignored. The negative effect can be lightened by diversifying industrial structure and prolonging industrial chain.

Bamboo as a Genetic Resource and Its Utilization from the World Wide View Point

The latest effective utilization of bamboo resources is changing from domestic industry to mechanical industry. This fact will be required a lot of raw material from a large scale factory, therefore, what kind of bamboo should be selected for a material. So, this study discussed on this matter through investigation and experiment. Results of this study are as follows： 1） Characteristics of bamboo different from trees and grass; 2） Environmental factors： a） annual mean temperature in 10-15 ℃ shows good growth of culm in temperate area and more than 20 ℃ also shows in tropical area, b） Rainfall： more than 1,000 mm year-1 is necessary for growth of culm in temperate and tropical area, and still more in addition to two times of 100 mm month-1 in temperate area, and three times of 200 mm month-l in tropical area, c） Soil and topography： brown colored soil and flat or gentle slope show better growth in temperate area, but red colored soil and slope are not suitable in tropical area, d） Geographical distribution of bamboo related with growth type shown in Figs. 1-3. Productivity of bamboo： annual productivity of bamboo is the biggest compared with other type of vegetation; 4） Selection of two growth type of bamboo： many big bamboos are growing in tropical area; 5） Furthermore items discussed in this report.

China＇s Development Aid Strategies

The article studies China＇s development assistance policy during the last decades. It shows the evolution of Chinese approach to providing foreign aid. The analysis is based on White Papers on China＇s Foreign Aid from 2011 and 2014, theoretical studies, and reports on China＇s foreign aid. From the beginning of the 21st century, China has become one of the most important emerging donors. Chinese aid is primarily provided to Africa, Latin America, Asia, and the Pacific. Depending on the region, the assistance is directed to large-scale infrastructure projects, energy facilities, or natural resource development activities. The aid is combined with investments and trade arrangements. Generally, China＇s aid programme is driven by economic, diplomatic, and strategic objectives. The rules according to which Chinese assistance is provided to developing countries differ significantly from the rules established by Development Assistance Committee （DAC） members. Aid-receiving countries do not have to fulfil strict development assistance regimes and adopt specific economic policies and targets.

Creating Regional Tourism Standards in the Yangtze River Dalta Region

With the strategicdevelopment of regionaltourism cooperation in theYangtze River Delta region,acceleratingthe creation oftourism standards becomesparamount.Which organizationcould best develop tourismstandards and the principles oftourism standards are discussedin this paper.Thelong-term and short-term plansfor the creation of regionaltourism standards in theYangtze River Delta region arealso presented.