扶贫移民适应期生计风险、扶持资源承接与政策优化

扶贫移民兼具扶贫和生态保护功能,有效破解区域生态可持续和社会经济发展矛盾的同时也会出现目标的"反功能"现象。基于适应期扶贫移民生计特征归纳,寻求可能遇到的丧失发展资源、失去公共服务、社会关系网络受损、边缘化等生计损失及致贫风险,针对扶贫移民适应期生计发展扶持政策实施过程中存在的"政策对接有落差、政策衔接有缝隙、政策承接有障碍"等资源承接问题,尝试提出提高移民发展可行能力、注重产业发展、整合发展扶持政策与资源、强化移民专业经济组织建设、健全农村要素市场、促进发展要素整合联动等建议,以促进扶贫移民安稳致富奔小康。

Finite element analysis of deformation characteristics in cold helical rolling of bearing steel-balls

Due to the complexity of investigating deformation mechanisms in helical rolling(HR) process with traditional analytical method, it is significant to develop a 3D finite element(FE) model of HR process. The key forming conditions of cold HR of bearing steel-balls were detailedly described. Then, by taking steel-ball rolling elements of the B7008 C angular contact ball bearing as an example, a completed 3D elastic-plastic FE model of cold HR forming process was established under SIMUFACT software environment. Furthermore, the deformation characteristics in HR process were discovered, including the forming process, evolution and distribution laws of strain, stress and damage based on Lemaitre relative damage model. The results reveal that the central loosening and cavity defects in HR process may have a combined effect of large negative hydrostatic pressure(positive mean stress)caused by multi-dimensional tensile stresses, high level transverse tensile stress, and circular-alternating shear stress in cross section.

村干部职业化的发生机制及其影响——基于村干部主位视角

乡村治理目标变更、资源下乡,及规范下乡导致乡村治理结构的转变,进而引发村干部工作方式的改变;同时,资源下乡本身构成职业化的经济基础,由此催生村干部职业化现象。村干部职业化的显功能在于提升了乡村治理的有效性,增强了治理规范性,但是也导致村干部流动性增大和干群关系悬浮等潜功能。村干部职业化的治理影响与乡村社会的资源承接能力紧密相关。因此乡村治理现代化应采取动员乡村社会力量和激发村民主体性等方式,强化乡村社会的资源承接能力,以实现自上而下的财政资源与自下而上的社会需求的有效对接。