Miyun Reservoir was designated as the water source of Beijing City in 1982. Since that time, socio economic development in Miyun Area has been slowing due to the restriction of severe environmental standards. More and...Miyun Reservoir was designated as the water source of Beijing City in 1982. Since that time, socio economic development in Miyun Area has been slowing due to the restriction of severe environmental standards. More and more attention from the public and government has been paid to the regional sustainable development. And an effective planning for the local society management system is urgently desired. In this study, a regional sustainable development system dynamics model, named MiyunSD, is developed for supporting this planning task. MiyunSD consists of dynamic simulation models that explicitly consider information feedback that governs interactions in the system. Such models are capable of simulating the system′s behavior and predicting its developing situation of the future. For the study case, interactions among a number of system components within a time frame of fifteen years are examined dynamically. Three planning alternatives are carefully considered. The base run is based on an assumption that the existing pattern of human activities will prevail in the entire planning horizon, and the other alternatives are based on previous and present planning studies. The different alternatives will get different system′s environmental and socio economic results. Through analyzing these dynamic results, local authorities may find an optimal way to realize the objectives that the regional environment will be well protected and at the same time the economy will be rapidly developed.展开更多
Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of thes...Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of these two fields has largely focused on their distinctions and synthesis in western(particularly American) academia.Environmental sociology emerged as an important sociological subdiscipline in China in the early 1990s and is under vigorous disciplinary construction at present.By contrast,the sociology of natural resources is still a novel term for most Chinese researchers.This article provides a systematic review of recent literature on the relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies,which should provide important implications for the further development of environmental sociology in China.展开更多
This study examines the correlation ~mong a number of personal and environmental resources that can recluce u^pz-~on, These are: religiosity, happiness, social support, and self-controL The participants in the study ...This study examines the correlation ~mong a number of personal and environmental resources that can recluce u^pz-~on, These are: religiosity, happiness, social support, and self-controL The participants in the study consisted of 219 Arab students from teacher training colleges in the Triangle region in central Israel. The findings indicate that all the resources that were examined contribute to reducing the level of depression; in other words, significant negative correlations were found between the level of religiosity, happiness, social support and self-control on the one hand, and the level of depression on the other hand. These findings are consistent with those of other studies conducted elsewhere in the world on different populations CChristian and lewish, as well as Muslim). The present study and its findings are, however, the first to address the understanding of depression among the populace in question. The findings were discussed in accordance with a number of different theories.展开更多
It is possible and necessary to make a combined study of urban sports population and theory of social justice. Theoretically, sports population study belongs to sociology, but at present it is still confined in the "...It is possible and necessary to make a combined study of urban sports population and theory of social justice. Theoretically, sports population study belongs to sociology, but at present it is still confined in the "sports study" , thus due attention has not been paid to its sociological value and significance. On the other hand, the study of social justice tends to focus on material aspect and overlooks the spiritual aspects such as the sports justice. In reality, when it comes to urban sports population, there are problems of social justice as are mainly reflected in the unbalanced structure and severe disproportion of the social resources among different strata. Therefore it is highly necessary to explore solutions to the above problems by combining the two aspects, which in turn can help the theory of social justice to broaden its scope of application.展开更多
The local plant resources adapted to the desert harsh geomorphologicl environment are a landmark that characterizes the Saharan region: erg, dunes, and wadis. This work emphasizes on some results obtained through a s...The local plant resources adapted to the desert harsh geomorphologicl environment are a landmark that characterizes the Saharan region: erg, dunes, and wadis. This work emphasizes on some results obtained through a study conducted in 2011, based on surveys and field observations in the Tidikelt oases (in Salah, wilaya of Tamenrasset) which is implanted in the south of Algeria. The objective was the study of traditional herbal medicine using the spontaneous medicinal herbs, which constitute one of the socio-cultural aspects of Saharan society in Algeria. Traditional medicine is one reflect of the knowledge and how to live of the local population. Desert people know the various herbs 'Achebe', and its nomenclature. They indicated their site or places of local presence, as well as its own peculiarities and their uses. Our goal is to contribute in enhancing the interest of valorization of these plants in the therapeutic and eventually industrial uses. For that, we need to integrate this perspective into local economic development policies valuing the diversity of plant resources from Tidikelt in the Algerian Sahara.展开更多
Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and r...Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and resources are subjected to high rate of degradation and deterioration, which is leading to multifarious socio-economical and ecological implications. This paper intends to look into factors that are responsible for the degradation of communal land and the adaptability of the management mechanisms developed by the local inhabitants to conserve these resources. Moreover, this study also explores the sustainability of these adopted strategies in present circumstances. Data regarding socio-economic parameters of the inhabitants and their interactions with communal lands were collected through questionnaire cum interview method. As long-term climatic data for the area do not exist therefore focus group discussions were conducted to document the changing trend in rainfall regimes and temperature variations for the last about four decades. Results indicate that communal lands are highly vulnerable to degradation due to biophysical and anthropogenic factors. Local inhabitants have developed suitable measures to control the situation, however, accelerated socioeconomic transformations in the area have weakened the role of local institutions and that led to further degradation of these resources. Nevertheless, a number of locally formulated rules have been revived and implemented and it is hoped that these threatened resources would be conserved.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the influence factors of building the China’s adult education system under the openeducation resource perspective. Network education to build the learning society offers the best...In this paper, we conduct research on the influence factors of building the China’s adult education system under the openeducation resource perspective. Network education to build the learning society offers the best models and tools. All kinds of technical training,continuing education and so on all can through the network education. With the progress of the science and technology, at present on the networkis hard to experiment and practice activity will also been largely resolved. Therefore, to make full use of the advantages of network education,we can establish a learning society and construct lifelong education system. This paper starts from this perspective to propose the new idea on thecountermeasures and suggestions that will be benefi cial.展开更多
Abstract: This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W (payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale). PES-W is deriv...Abstract: This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W (payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale). PES-W is derived from an extension of governance analyses of 163 watershed-based PES (payments for ecosystem services) programs, and from the integrative decision mechanism of IPES (integrated payments for ecosystem services) to generalize the PES approach. PES-W reflects three interrelated perspectives fundamental to the global science of integrated water governance: (1) the ecological and economic perspective to integrate human incentives for integrated water resources governance; (2) the sociological and ecological perspective to form partnerships for meta-monitoring and recta-funding for integrated watershed governance; and (3) the scientific and sociological perspective to develop organizing botmdaries based on technology, lifestyle, entrepreneurship and organizing infrastructure for integrated aquatic ecosystem governance. This study is intended to communicate with the international scientific communities for establishing an advanced, academic, and practical multidisciplinary field of the global science of integrated water governance as a critical condition for sustainable development in human societies.展开更多
It is a big project of whole society to strengthen the holistic view and ideological and political education, thus we must work together to make full use of social resources to advocate the basic value rules of societ...It is a big project of whole society to strengthen the holistic view and ideological and political education, thus we must work together to make full use of social resources to advocate the basic value rules of society and guarantee the promotion of human nature, guiding people to think according to the social reality to enhance rational ability of thinking, eventually forming a mutual power of education; in the mean time, we should still exert advantages of strong systematic, theoretical and logical factors to achieve double swords with combination of education mode. Theoretical teaching plus beneficial activities, one-way teaching with activities and school education combined with social and media education can achieve socialization of ideological and political education. Drawing on the experience of other countries, we can constantly create new approach suitable to our national conditions and the requirements development and enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education.展开更多
Libraries are places in which all kinds of academic information are gathered, providing people with a broad platform for accessing a variety of knowledge. In addition to the knowledge in daily work, study and life, so...Libraries are places in which all kinds of academic information are gathered, providing people with a broad platform for accessing a variety of knowledge. In addition to the knowledge in daily work, study and life, some important historical materials are collected in libraries, and all of them are of important significance for studies of social development from multiple aspects. Influenced by information technology, the forms of library resources are no longer limited to books and documents, and digital resources have changed into part of the storage of library information. With the purpose of solving the problems in the current management of non-book resources, it is necessary for management personnel of libraries to actively change management model and make more scientific and sound resource management programs. Based on this point, an analysis is made by the author in this paper.展开更多
Education has enormous influence on individual prospects for a flourishing life, thus, the justice of an education system is a key indicator of the justice in a society. Normally, the debate over educational justice r...Education has enormous influence on individual prospects for a flourishing life, thus, the justice of an education system is a key indicator of the justice in a society. Normally, the debate over educational justice refers to two fundamental questions: the conception of justice and the aims and purposes of education. We may agree about the meaning of justice, but disagree about the aim of education, and vice versa, and thus come to very different perspective about what educational policies should entail. However, what does justice look like when it comes to the distribution of educational goods? Should we ensure that all children have equal educational resources and opportunities or should we rather concentrate on equal educational attachment? Recently, there is a debate on educational justice which mainly focuses on the status and role of comparatively considerations within a just distribution of educational benefits. According to the adequacy approach, the state is required to ensure all children have enough or adequate education. Once the adequate threshold of educational resources is obtained, there is no injustice in the fact that some children have better education than others. In contrast with adequacy approach, proponents of what can be called educational equality approach have instead argued that justice requires prospects for educational achievement to be dependent upon a child's ability and willingness to learn, and not on factors outside of her control. Therefore, the state is required to ensure that an individual's prospects for educational achievement should be a function only of that individual's effort and talent, not of his or her social class background or other factors outside of her control. It seems that the debate between proponents of adequacy and proponents of equality in educational opportunity reflects very different ways to think about just educational policy and practice. This paper is trying to address this debate. It proceeds as follows. In the next section, I will outline the Equality vs. Adequacy debate. Then, in section III, I would like to take issue with these approaches. I will argue that both approaches have negative effects on equality and justice in education. Finally, inspired by Harvard political philosopher Danielle Allen's work on education and equality, I will propose an alternative conception of educational equality. I believe it is a better way of understanding the meaning of educational justice for a democratic society.展开更多
With the acceleration of the process of social information, information resources construction has become an important part of national development strategies. The library is one of the main information resources cons...With the acceleration of the process of social information, information resources construction has become an important part of national development strategies. The library is one of the main information resources constructions and is an important information resource position of social construction. Computer applications in the book management, greatly improve the management efficiency of the library, and have changed the traditional management service model. Universal service network extends to every comer make reader can read everywhere, breaking the boundaries of time and space and also greatly promoting the modernization of the library. Library modernization, according to the characteristics of the objective law refers library work practices, uses modem technological conditions, rational organization of scientific management of library work, to maximize efficiency and quality and effectively complete the task library. Library essence of modem management techniques is to achieve the modernization of libraries and library management modernization. Modem library information system can be divided into three aspects of building automation libraries, library networks and digital libraries. Digital library management directly reflects a country' s level of a regional knowledge economy and information industry development, and digital network resource management in the book gradually dominates.展开更多
文摘Miyun Reservoir was designated as the water source of Beijing City in 1982. Since that time, socio economic development in Miyun Area has been slowing due to the restriction of severe environmental standards. More and more attention from the public and government has been paid to the regional sustainable development. And an effective planning for the local society management system is urgently desired. In this study, a regional sustainable development system dynamics model, named MiyunSD, is developed for supporting this planning task. MiyunSD consists of dynamic simulation models that explicitly consider information feedback that governs interactions in the system. Such models are capable of simulating the system′s behavior and predicting its developing situation of the future. For the study case, interactions among a number of system components within a time frame of fifteen years are examined dynamically. Three planning alternatives are carefully considered. The base run is based on an assumption that the existing pattern of human activities will prevail in the entire planning horizon, and the other alternatives are based on previous and present planning studies. The different alternatives will get different system′s environmental and socio economic results. Through analyzing these dynamic results, local authorities may find an optimal way to realize the objectives that the regional environment will be well protected and at the same time the economy will be rapidly developed.
文摘Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of these two fields has largely focused on their distinctions and synthesis in western(particularly American) academia.Environmental sociology emerged as an important sociological subdiscipline in China in the early 1990s and is under vigorous disciplinary construction at present.By contrast,the sociology of natural resources is still a novel term for most Chinese researchers.This article provides a systematic review of recent literature on the relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies,which should provide important implications for the further development of environmental sociology in China.
文摘This study examines the correlation ~mong a number of personal and environmental resources that can recluce u^pz-~on, These are: religiosity, happiness, social support, and self-controL The participants in the study consisted of 219 Arab students from teacher training colleges in the Triangle region in central Israel. The findings indicate that all the resources that were examined contribute to reducing the level of depression; in other words, significant negative correlations were found between the level of religiosity, happiness, social support and self-control on the one hand, and the level of depression on the other hand. These findings are consistent with those of other studies conducted elsewhere in the world on different populations CChristian and lewish, as well as Muslim). The present study and its findings are, however, the first to address the understanding of depression among the populace in question. The findings were discussed in accordance with a number of different theories.
文摘It is possible and necessary to make a combined study of urban sports population and theory of social justice. Theoretically, sports population study belongs to sociology, but at present it is still confined in the "sports study" , thus due attention has not been paid to its sociological value and significance. On the other hand, the study of social justice tends to focus on material aspect and overlooks the spiritual aspects such as the sports justice. In reality, when it comes to urban sports population, there are problems of social justice as are mainly reflected in the unbalanced structure and severe disproportion of the social resources among different strata. Therefore it is highly necessary to explore solutions to the above problems by combining the two aspects, which in turn can help the theory of social justice to broaden its scope of application.
文摘The local plant resources adapted to the desert harsh geomorphologicl environment are a landmark that characterizes the Saharan region: erg, dunes, and wadis. This work emphasizes on some results obtained through a study conducted in 2011, based on surveys and field observations in the Tidikelt oases (in Salah, wilaya of Tamenrasset) which is implanted in the south of Algeria. The objective was the study of traditional herbal medicine using the spontaneous medicinal herbs, which constitute one of the socio-cultural aspects of Saharan society in Algeria. Traditional medicine is one reflect of the knowledge and how to live of the local population. Desert people know the various herbs 'Achebe', and its nomenclature. They indicated their site or places of local presence, as well as its own peculiarities and their uses. Our goal is to contribute in enhancing the interest of valorization of these plants in the therapeutic and eventually industrial uses. For that, we need to integrate this perspective into local economic development policies valuing the diversity of plant resources from Tidikelt in the Algerian Sahara.
文摘Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and resources are subjected to high rate of degradation and deterioration, which is leading to multifarious socio-economical and ecological implications. This paper intends to look into factors that are responsible for the degradation of communal land and the adaptability of the management mechanisms developed by the local inhabitants to conserve these resources. Moreover, this study also explores the sustainability of these adopted strategies in present circumstances. Data regarding socio-economic parameters of the inhabitants and their interactions with communal lands were collected through questionnaire cum interview method. As long-term climatic data for the area do not exist therefore focus group discussions were conducted to document the changing trend in rainfall regimes and temperature variations for the last about four decades. Results indicate that communal lands are highly vulnerable to degradation due to biophysical and anthropogenic factors. Local inhabitants have developed suitable measures to control the situation, however, accelerated socioeconomic transformations in the area have weakened the role of local institutions and that led to further degradation of these resources. Nevertheless, a number of locally formulated rules have been revived and implemented and it is hoped that these threatened resources would be conserved.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the influence factors of building the China’s adult education system under the openeducation resource perspective. Network education to build the learning society offers the best models and tools. All kinds of technical training,continuing education and so on all can through the network education. With the progress of the science and technology, at present on the networkis hard to experiment and practice activity will also been largely resolved. Therefore, to make full use of the advantages of network education,we can establish a learning society and construct lifelong education system. This paper starts from this perspective to propose the new idea on thecountermeasures and suggestions that will be benefi cial.
文摘Abstract: This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W (payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale). PES-W is derived from an extension of governance analyses of 163 watershed-based PES (payments for ecosystem services) programs, and from the integrative decision mechanism of IPES (integrated payments for ecosystem services) to generalize the PES approach. PES-W reflects three interrelated perspectives fundamental to the global science of integrated water governance: (1) the ecological and economic perspective to integrate human incentives for integrated water resources governance; (2) the sociological and ecological perspective to form partnerships for meta-monitoring and recta-funding for integrated watershed governance; and (3) the scientific and sociological perspective to develop organizing botmdaries based on technology, lifestyle, entrepreneurship and organizing infrastructure for integrated aquatic ecosystem governance. This study is intended to communicate with the international scientific communities for establishing an advanced, academic, and practical multidisciplinary field of the global science of integrated water governance as a critical condition for sustainable development in human societies.
文摘It is a big project of whole society to strengthen the holistic view and ideological and political education, thus we must work together to make full use of social resources to advocate the basic value rules of society and guarantee the promotion of human nature, guiding people to think according to the social reality to enhance rational ability of thinking, eventually forming a mutual power of education; in the mean time, we should still exert advantages of strong systematic, theoretical and logical factors to achieve double swords with combination of education mode. Theoretical teaching plus beneficial activities, one-way teaching with activities and school education combined with social and media education can achieve socialization of ideological and political education. Drawing on the experience of other countries, we can constantly create new approach suitable to our national conditions and the requirements development and enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education.
文摘Libraries are places in which all kinds of academic information are gathered, providing people with a broad platform for accessing a variety of knowledge. In addition to the knowledge in daily work, study and life, some important historical materials are collected in libraries, and all of them are of important significance for studies of social development from multiple aspects. Influenced by information technology, the forms of library resources are no longer limited to books and documents, and digital resources have changed into part of the storage of library information. With the purpose of solving the problems in the current management of non-book resources, it is necessary for management personnel of libraries to actively change management model and make more scientific and sound resource management programs. Based on this point, an analysis is made by the author in this paper.
文摘Education has enormous influence on individual prospects for a flourishing life, thus, the justice of an education system is a key indicator of the justice in a society. Normally, the debate over educational justice refers to two fundamental questions: the conception of justice and the aims and purposes of education. We may agree about the meaning of justice, but disagree about the aim of education, and vice versa, and thus come to very different perspective about what educational policies should entail. However, what does justice look like when it comes to the distribution of educational goods? Should we ensure that all children have equal educational resources and opportunities or should we rather concentrate on equal educational attachment? Recently, there is a debate on educational justice which mainly focuses on the status and role of comparatively considerations within a just distribution of educational benefits. According to the adequacy approach, the state is required to ensure all children have enough or adequate education. Once the adequate threshold of educational resources is obtained, there is no injustice in the fact that some children have better education than others. In contrast with adequacy approach, proponents of what can be called educational equality approach have instead argued that justice requires prospects for educational achievement to be dependent upon a child's ability and willingness to learn, and not on factors outside of her control. Therefore, the state is required to ensure that an individual's prospects for educational achievement should be a function only of that individual's effort and talent, not of his or her social class background or other factors outside of her control. It seems that the debate between proponents of adequacy and proponents of equality in educational opportunity reflects very different ways to think about just educational policy and practice. This paper is trying to address this debate. It proceeds as follows. In the next section, I will outline the Equality vs. Adequacy debate. Then, in section III, I would like to take issue with these approaches. I will argue that both approaches have negative effects on equality and justice in education. Finally, inspired by Harvard political philosopher Danielle Allen's work on education and equality, I will propose an alternative conception of educational equality. I believe it is a better way of understanding the meaning of educational justice for a democratic society.
文摘With the acceleration of the process of social information, information resources construction has become an important part of national development strategies. The library is one of the main information resources constructions and is an important information resource position of social construction. Computer applications in the book management, greatly improve the management efficiency of the library, and have changed the traditional management service model. Universal service network extends to every comer make reader can read everywhere, breaking the boundaries of time and space and also greatly promoting the modernization of the library. Library modernization, according to the characteristics of the objective law refers library work practices, uses modem technological conditions, rational organization of scientific management of library work, to maximize efficiency and quality and effectively complete the task library. Library essence of modem management techniques is to achieve the modernization of libraries and library management modernization. Modem library information system can be divided into three aspects of building automation libraries, library networks and digital libraries. Digital library management directly reflects a country' s level of a regional knowledge economy and information industry development, and digital network resource management in the book gradually dominates.