This study shows that the main cause of Fusarium head blight of spelt was F. poae. In 2007 deoxynivalenol was found up to 0.27 mg/kg in 2 of 18 samples of winter spelt kernels from organic farms. Also in 3 samples T-2...This study shows that the main cause of Fusarium head blight of spelt was F. poae. In 2007 deoxynivalenol was found up to 0.27 mg/kg in 2 of 18 samples of winter spelt kernels from organic farms. Also in 3 samples T-2 toxin was found in amount below 0.075 mg/kg. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were not found in kernels. Among nine of the examined samples of winter spelt in 2008, DON was identified in all samples （up to 0.31 mg/kg）, while T-2 toxin, aflatoxins and OTA were not found. Among twenty of the examined cultivars of winter spelt, deoxynivalenol was identified in 6 samples （up to 0.3 mg/kg）, T-2 toxin was identified in one sample in very low amount （below 75 μg/kg） while aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were not found. Deoxynivalenol was found in following winter spelt cultivars： T. spelta L. album, T. spelta BG, T. spelta BG 1166, T. spelta, Schwabenspelz and Franckenkorn. T-2 toxin was identified in T. spelta L. album BG 31. Among 13 products from spelt, DON was detected in 1 sample, OTA in 1 sample and zearalenone in 1 sample, T-2 toxins and aflatoxins were not found.展开更多
The aim of this work was to verify if the wheat susceptibility/tolerance phenotype to Fusarium head blight （FHB） into the field could be related to the ability of the re-activated seeds to hamper deoxynivalenol （DO...The aim of this work was to verify if the wheat susceptibility/tolerance phenotype to Fusarium head blight （FHB） into the field could be related to the ability of the re-activated seeds to hamper deoxynivalenol （DON） synthesis by Fusarium graminearum into non optimal （i.e. high humidity） storage conditions. On this purpose, two Fusariurn graminearum strains, Fg126 and Fg8308, were separately inoculated on active but not germinating kernels of Triticum aestivum L. cv ＂Sagittario＂ （FHB-susceptible） and cv ＂Blasco＂ （FHB-tolerant）, The growth of the fungal strains on wheat kernels was monitored from 0 to 15 days post inoculation through a quantitative SYBR green real-time PCR, as well as ergosterol content through HPLC for comparison. DON biosynthesis into the contaminated wheat seeds was quantified by HPLC method in the same time intervals as above. Significant differences in the ability to grow and synthesize DON, acetylated and glucosylated forms, emerged between the strains also in relation to the wheat variety on which the pathogen developed. The results obtained indicated that the wheat variety which from the epidemiological studies carried out into the field is FHB-tolerant, i.e. Blasco, resulted as the more efficient in hampering DON synthesis in both F. graminearum strains. Thus, this preliminary study could represent a contribution to find out less time consuming methods for screening the wheat varieties tolerant to DON accumulation in non optimal storage conditions.展开更多
文摘This study shows that the main cause of Fusarium head blight of spelt was F. poae. In 2007 deoxynivalenol was found up to 0.27 mg/kg in 2 of 18 samples of winter spelt kernels from organic farms. Also in 3 samples T-2 toxin was found in amount below 0.075 mg/kg. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were not found in kernels. Among nine of the examined samples of winter spelt in 2008, DON was identified in all samples （up to 0.31 mg/kg）, while T-2 toxin, aflatoxins and OTA were not found. Among twenty of the examined cultivars of winter spelt, deoxynivalenol was identified in 6 samples （up to 0.3 mg/kg）, T-2 toxin was identified in one sample in very low amount （below 75 μg/kg） while aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were not found. Deoxynivalenol was found in following winter spelt cultivars： T. spelta L. album, T. spelta BG, T. spelta BG 1166, T. spelta, Schwabenspelz and Franckenkorn. T-2 toxin was identified in T. spelta L. album BG 31. Among 13 products from spelt, DON was detected in 1 sample, OTA in 1 sample and zearalenone in 1 sample, T-2 toxins and aflatoxins were not found.
文摘The aim of this work was to verify if the wheat susceptibility/tolerance phenotype to Fusarium head blight （FHB） into the field could be related to the ability of the re-activated seeds to hamper deoxynivalenol （DON） synthesis by Fusarium graminearum into non optimal （i.e. high humidity） storage conditions. On this purpose, two Fusariurn graminearum strains, Fg126 and Fg8308, were separately inoculated on active but not germinating kernels of Triticum aestivum L. cv ＂Sagittario＂ （FHB-susceptible） and cv ＂Blasco＂ （FHB-tolerant）, The growth of the fungal strains on wheat kernels was monitored from 0 to 15 days post inoculation through a quantitative SYBR green real-time PCR, as well as ergosterol content through HPLC for comparison. DON biosynthesis into the contaminated wheat seeds was quantified by HPLC method in the same time intervals as above. Significant differences in the ability to grow and synthesize DON, acetylated and glucosylated forms, emerged between the strains also in relation to the wheat variety on which the pathogen developed. The results obtained indicated that the wheat variety which from the epidemiological studies carried out into the field is FHB-tolerant, i.e. Blasco, resulted as the more efficient in hampering DON synthesis in both F. graminearum strains. Thus, this preliminary study could represent a contribution to find out less time consuming methods for screening the wheat varieties tolerant to DON accumulation in non optimal storage conditions.
