为制备超细高品质奥克托今(HMX)并研究其晶型,采用超声辅助喷雾重结晶细化法制备了超细HMX,研究了雾化率、溶剂与非溶剂的种类、温度等对HMX的晶体形貌及晶型的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对HMX的晶体形貌、粒径...为制备超细高品质奥克托今(HMX)并研究其晶型,采用超声辅助喷雾重结晶细化法制备了超细HMX,研究了雾化率、溶剂与非溶剂的种类、温度等对HMX的晶体形貌及晶型的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对HMX的晶体形貌、粒径和晶型进行了表征。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试了HMX的热分解性能。用撞击感度仪测试了原料HMX和超细HMX的撞击感度。结果表明,采用超声辅助喷雾重结晶细化法制备的超细HMX受雾化率、溶剂与非溶剂的种类、温度等影响较大。超声频率为40 k Hz,搅拌转速为400 r·min^(-1),雾化率为20 m L·min^(-1),丙酮为溶剂,无水乙醇为非溶剂,温度为30℃制备出的HMX晶体形貌最佳,晶型为β型,与原料HMX相比,超细HMX的热分解表观活化能升高17.94 k J·mol^(-1),撞击感度特性落高升高29.6 cm。展开更多
Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retr...Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.展开更多
文摘为制备超细高品质奥克托今(HMX)并研究其晶型,采用超声辅助喷雾重结晶细化法制备了超细HMX,研究了雾化率、溶剂与非溶剂的种类、温度等对HMX的晶体形貌及晶型的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对HMX的晶体形貌、粒径和晶型进行了表征。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试了HMX的热分解性能。用撞击感度仪测试了原料HMX和超细HMX的撞击感度。结果表明,采用超声辅助喷雾重结晶细化法制备的超细HMX受雾化率、溶剂与非溶剂的种类、温度等影响较大。超声频率为40 k Hz,搅拌转速为400 r·min^(-1),雾化率为20 m L·min^(-1),丙酮为溶剂,无水乙醇为非溶剂,温度为30℃制备出的HMX晶体形貌最佳,晶型为β型,与原料HMX相比,超细HMX的热分解表观活化能升高17.94 k J·mol^(-1),撞击感度特性落高升高29.6 cm。
文摘Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.
