子宫腺肌症超声影像检查特征在临床诊断中的应用

目的分析研究超声影像技术对子宫腺肌症进行检查时的诊断特征以及临床应用效果。方法选取石柱土家族自治县人民医院2017年1月至2018年12月收治的60例子宫腺肌症患者作为研究对象,通过随机数字表法将患者分成对照组(n=30)和观察组(n=30),以病理检查作为金标准,对照组通过经腹部超声检查,观察组通过经阴道超声检查,对两组患者的子宫腺肌症诊断准确率以及合并子宫肌瘤、合并子宫增大的检出概率进行比较,评估其临床应用价值。结果观察组患者的诊断准确率为83.33%,对照组患者的诊断准确率为53.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组中合并子宫肌瘤的检出率为56.7%,合并子宫增大的检出率为60.0%,对照组中合并子宫肌瘤的检出率为50.0%,合并子宫增大的检出率为33.3%,合并子宫肌瘤检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),合并子宫增大的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论子宫腺肌症一般通过超声影像技术进行检查,经阴道和经腹部是两种常用的检查方法,而经阴道超声影像检查的各项检出率要高于经腹部超声检查,临床应用价值较高,值得推广。

产前超声和MRI在胎盘植入诊断中的价值

目的:比较产前超声和MRI在胎盘植入诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析55例胎盘植入患者的临床资料,均接受超声和MRI检查,以病理结果为"金标准",比较两种检查方式的诊断结果,分析胎盘植入患者的超声声像图特征。结果:超声检查的灵敏度、诊断符合率和阴性预测值均低于MRI检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而特异性和阳性预测值均高于MRI检查。结论:产前超声和MRI检查在胎盘植入诊断中各有长处,提倡两者共同使用。

Sonographic features of duodenal lipomas in eight clinicopathologically diagnosed patients

AIM:To investigate the sonographic features and diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for duodenal lipomas (DLs).METHODS:A total of eight consecutive patients with DL diagnosed pathologically were included in the study.One EUS expert reviewed the ultrasonic images for all lesions,including the original layer of the duodenal wall,the echo intensity and the echo homogeneity.The size of the lesions and the perifocal structures were also investigated.The diagnosis by EUS was compared with the histological results.RESULTS:Using routine endoscopy,only one case was correctly diagnosed as DL.Four cases were classified as submucosal tumors,and three cases were mistaken for stromal tumors.All tumors appeared as round or oval intensive hyperechoic lesions with distinct anterior borders that originated from the submucosal layer on EUS.Tumors ranged from 8 to 36 mm in size,with an average size of 16 mm.Homogeneous echogenicity was seen in all cases except one that had a tubular structure inside the tumor.Echo attenuation was observed only in the area behind the tumors in five cases,and it was observed both inside and behind the tumors in three cases in which the posterior border was obscure or invisible.Seven (87.5%) cases were correctly diagnosed as DL,and one (12.5%) was mistaken as Brunner's gland adenoma by EUS.Pathologically,all tumors originated from the submucosal layer and consisted of mature fat cells without heteromorphism.Among the fat cells,there was a small amount of thick-wall vessels infiltrating the lymphocytes,and abundant fibrous connective tissues.CONCLUSION:On EUS,DL is featured as an intensive homogeneous hyperechoic submucosal lesion with marked echo attenuation and without involvement of the mucosa.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO－DIMENSIONAL AND COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN GRAVES＇DISEASE

Color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) was performed in 24 patients with Graves' disease and the results were compared with those from 8 patients with Hashimoto's disease, 6 patients with simple diffuse goiter, and 15 normal volunteers. All cases were confirmed by clinical, laboratory tests or pathology. CDFI of Graves' disease showed diffuse or localized hypoechoes within the thyroid glands, rich flow signals in the hypoechoes, accelerated flow velocity, and decreased resistance in the superior thyroid arteries(STA) and arteries within the glands. These appearances were characteristic as compared with the controls. The rate of flow in STA of Graves' disease patients was 8 to 10 times higher than that in the normal volunteers. This study demonstrates that CDFI is convenient and efficient as compared with isotope scan and some other laboratory tests, and can be widely used in the diagnosis of Graves' disase.

Color doppler ultrasound in the application of breast intraductal papilloma

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the application value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of intraductal papilloma (IDP). Methods:A retrospective analysis of 64 IDP cases was done, the pathology proven by surgery with 89 lesions. According to the ultrasonic performance, the lesions were divided into different types and the solid focal were evaluated according to the classification BI-RADS-US standard. Results:There were 47 patients corresponds with the 64 cases of surgical pathology, the accuracy was 73.4%, according to the ultrasonic performance could be divided into two types, named catheter type and solid type, catheter diagnostic accuracy was 22/25 (88%), compared the morphological features of the solid type, grouped according to their size (≥ 2 cm or < 2 cm lesions), discovered there was no statistically significant difference between the benign and malignant lesions by BI-RADS-US grading standard. Conclusion:Two-dimensional ultrasound and Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) can make a definite diagnosis and positioning for IDP, but there are still some limitations to differentiate the benign and malignant, it need to pay more attention to the clinical application of substantive IDP and improve the understanding, provide more relevant information for clinic, the focal will be earlier treated to reduce the possibility of malignant happened change.

EVALUATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR THE LOCALIZATION OF ACQUIRED ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAS BY COLOR DOPPLER FLOW IMAGING

Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic criteria for the localization of acquired arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) based on the features of their hemodynamic changes. Methods. The shape and hemodynamic changes of involved vessels which could be helpful to localize the sites of fistulas were studied according to the observation of 10 cases of acquired AVFs. Results. The sites of the fistulas could be shown by two dimensional ultrasonography and color flow imaging in 40%and 80%cases, respectively. In all cases, turbulent high velocity flow was present at the sites of the fistulas, low resistant flow was present in the arteries proximal to the fistulas, and artery like flow was detected in the veins. Conclusion. CDFI was accurate for the localization of acquired AVFs, which were mainly localized by their hemodynamic changes shown by pulse Doppler ultrasound.