医院卫生人力发展与医疗服务量的趋势分析

目的探讨医院卫生人力发展与医院基本医疗服务量的相关性,为制定卫生人力发展计划提供科学依据。方法采用描述性分析、动态数列、升降趋势检验(Cox-Stuart检验)及Pearson相关分析。结果卫生技术人员和医生数平均发展速度分别为109.00%、108.00%,平均增长速度分别为9.00%、8.00%;卫技人员数和医生数呈逐年上升的趋势(P<0.01);门诊总诊疗人次及入院人数平均发展速度分别为108.00%、112.00%,年平均增长速度分别为8.00%、12.00%,门诊诊疗人次、入院人数均呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。卫技人员数与门诊量、入院人数均呈正相关,与平均住院日呈负相关关系(P<0.01)。结论医院卫生人力及床位资源均呈逐年上升趋势,医院卫生人力资源与医院基本医疗服务量呈逐年上升趋势。

基于遥感反演的珠江河口表层悬沙浓度分位数趋势分析

利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer, MODIS)一级产品并结合航次数据,反演2003-2015 年间珠江河口表层悬浮泥沙浓度(suspended sediment concentration, SSC),分析其分位数长期变化趋势并探讨其影响因素。结果表明,珠江河口 SSC 呈总体下降趋势,平均下降速率约为 1.03mg L^-1 yr^-1。口门外以及河口东北部区域平均 SSC 下降更快,最高可达约 4.0mg L^-1 yr^-1。总体上,珠江河口 SSC 高值下降速率大于低值,且存在空间差异性。低值下降趋势显著地区主要分布在淇澳岛北部的口门外区域,其 SSC 大小值之间的差异逐年增加;而高值下降速率快的地区主要分布在虎门口、龙穴岛东南岸以及东航道附近水域, SSC 每年大小值差异呈减小趋势。珠江河口 SSC分位数趋势受径流输沙量、河口地形变化以及风的影响。由水库修建所致的上游输沙量减少导致淇澳岛北部口门外区域 SSC 的低值部分显著下降。虎门口、龙穴岛东南岸以及东航道附近水域的加深使得这些区域 SSC 高值部分下降显著,而西滩区域的变浅使得冬季潮汐混合减弱,导致 SSC 高值部分下降趋势显著。此外,由风速下降引起的表层风混合减弱也是导致西滩南部 SSC 高值下降趋势显著的原因之一。

银行业与证券业分合趋势研究

银行业与证券业分合的动因在银行 ,分合之争的焦点在风险 ,而分合的时机与程度则决定于国情。未来我国分业经营政策将逐步放松 ,以适应新世纪我国对外开放和金融经济发展的需要。

基于StoNED和动态SPDM模型的绿色创新效率分异趋势及其驱动机制分析——以长江中游城市群为例

文章构建StoNED模型测度2005~2019年长江中游城市群绿色创新效率值,并引入动态SPDM模型从收敛速度的角度探究绿色创新效率时空分异的驱动机制,其目的在于解决传统效率测度模型无法兼顾多产出及投入产出松弛性、难以合理量化绿色创新效率分异趋势及其作用机制的问题。研究发现:(1)长江中游城市群绿色创新效率形成了以武汉、长沙、南昌、宜昌、襄阳等城市为多中心的空间格局,省域内绿色创新效率值的绝对差异基本固化、相对差异有较大程度缩小,东西地区和南北地区绿色创新效率的分异度呈现缩小趋势。(2)绿色创新效率分异趋势的差异性是通过收敛速度不同表现出来,江西省域收敛速度最快,湖南省域次之,湖北省域最慢,而这种差异主要由于经济发展水平、政府科技支出、环境规制、教育水平、产业结构、金融支持水平等因素和影响机制共同作用驱动。最后,提出了相应的对策建议。

快速公交在我国城市的分异化发展趋势分析

BRT在我国近几年发展呈衰落现象,并且在不同等级的城市表现出分异化的发展趋势。为了探究这种现象以及背后原因,文章主要通过数据统计分析方法,分别从我国整体和不同等级城市角度对BRT系统的发展趋势进行分析,发现BRT在我国城市的整体建设趋势是下降的并且运营效率不佳;一二线城市的整体建设趋势下降情况较三四线城市显著,但是运营效率高于三四线城市。已有的BRT运行效率不佳是导致城市建设BRT趋势下降的一个重要原因;轨道交通的竞争关系、道路资源的限制是导致一二线城市建设趋势下降的主要原因;人口密度和公交分担比低、私人机动车拥有率快速升高是导致三四线城市建设趋势下降的主要原因。最后对BRT在我国城市未来发展提供一些参考建议。

线路质量分析评定管理系统的设计与实现

简述了线路质量分析评定管理系统的开发背景,介绍了系统的分析模型及设计要求、系统的架构、开发流程及主要功能。该系统现已在南宁铁路局柳州工务段使用,系统运行稳定、可靠,在工务系统中有良好的推广应用前景。

细分车载受众提升传播效果

研究受众,研究受众的需求,是传播的第一要素。广播媒体优势最强、最能抢夺注意力市场的时段和载体是车上时间和车载受众。对车载受众进行精细化的研究、细致的数据分析,有助于精准地定位节目、策划内容和形式,使节目产生极强的影响力,从而带来可观的经济效益。本文对广播车载受众进行全方位的精准细分,通过对用户需求的准确把握,提出针对车载受众特点的内容生产的对策。在精准定位受众的基础上,内容越做越精细,推送越来越精准,广播才能实现精准到位的传播。

探讨气测录井工作原理及常用的气测录井解释方法

气测录井作为油气勘探开发过程中的重要环节,其工作原理是通过测量和记录钻井液中携带的气体组分和含量的变化来揭示地下油气层的特征。基于此,对气测录井工作原理进行了论述,并介绍了常见的几种气测分析手段。在此基础上对两种常用的气测录井解释方法(全烃曲线形态解释法和气体重组分变化趋势法)进行系统分析。明确了该两种气测解释方法都是基于气测录井数据并结合地质资料进行综合分析,以判断油气层的工作情况、性质、成熟度等关键参数。这些方法在油气勘探过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,为钻探和开发决策提供准确的数据支持,推动石油和天然气工业的发展。

Spatial and environmental effects on plant communities in the Yellow River Delta, Eastern China

Types and structure of plant communities in the Yellow River Delta were investigated by using detrended canonical correspondence analyses （DCCAs） and a two-way indicator species analysis （TWINSPAN）. The distribution pattern and influential factors of the plant communities were also analyzed by testing elevation, slope, soil characteristics, longitude and latitude of 134 vegetation samples collected by representative plot sampling methods. Results showed that all the 134 vegetation samples could be divided into seven vegetation groups, separately dominated by Robinia pseucdoacacia, Imperata cylindrical, Miscanthus saccharifleus, Suaeda salsa, Aeluropus sinensis, Phragmites australis and Tamarix chinensis. The vegetation distribution pattern was mainly related to elevation, ground water depth and soil characteristics such as salinity and soluble potassium. Among the factors affecting distribution pattern of the plant communities, the species matrix explained by non-spatial environmental variation accounts for 45.2% of total variation. Spatial variation and spatial-structured environmental variation explain 11.8%, and 2.2%, respectively. Remained 40.8% of undetermined variation is attributed to biological and stochastic factors.

Distribution Patterns of Ground Moss Species and Its Relationships with Environmental Factors in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

The relationships of 42 species of ground moss with six environmental factors in 41 sites on Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve were analyzed. Four site groups and four groups of ground moss ecological species were identified using the method of Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). The results of Detrended Canonical. Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) showed that altitude, soil sand content, soil acidity, forest canopy coverage and soil water content are the five major environmental factors influencing the distributional patterns of the moss species. The four groups of ecological species, which correspond well with the four site groups, are projected on the species-environment biplot of DCCA. Group 1 dominated in the bogs of Larix olgensis forest, group 2 in the alpine tundra, group 3 in the dense conifer forest, and group 4 mainly in the Betula ermanii community and the Betula ermanii-Larix olgensis forest in sub-alpine respectively.

Water quality changing trends of the Miyun Reservoir

In order to simulate changes in the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir dueto continuous descent of surface water level, a 3-D ecological hydrodynamic model was developedthrough coupling the water quality analysis simulation program (WASP) with the environmental fluiddynamics code (EFDC). The model was then calibrated and verified. Four scenarios (S1, S21, S22 andS23) were simulated using the model. Results show that the water quality of the Miyun Reservoirunder conditions of low surface water level is apparently affected by different amounts of inflowand different total phosphorus (TP) loadings. The chlorophyll-a concentration might exceed 10 μg/Lin many areas of the Miyun Reservoir (This limitative value is seen as a critical value ofeutrophication) when large loadings of TP enter due to the amount of inflow increasing. Results ofscenario S23 indicate that control of TP loadings can decrease chlorophyll-a concentrationeffectively, and the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir will improve or retain its status quo.

New seismic attribute:Fractal scaling exponent based on gray detrended fluctuation analysis

Seismic attributes have been widely used in oil and gas exploration and development. However, owing to the complexity of seismic wave propagation in subsurface media, the limitations of the seismic data acquisition system, and noise interference, seismic attributes for seismic data interpretation have uncertainties. Especially, the antinoise ability of seismic attributes directly affects the reliability of seismic interpretations. Gray system theory is used in time series to minimize data randomness and increase data regularity. Detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） can effectively reduce extrinsic data tendencies. In this study, by combining gray system theory and DFA, we propose a new method called gray detrended fluctuation analysis （GDFA） for calculating the fractal scaling exponent. We consider nonlinear time series generated by the Weierstrass function and add random noise to actual seismic data. Moreover, we discuss the antinoise ability of the fractal scaling exponent based on GDFA. The results suggest that the fractal scaling exponent calculated using the proposed method has good antinoise ability. We apply the proposed method to 3D poststack migration seismic data from southern China and compare fractal scaling exponents calculated using DFA and GDFA. The results suggest that the use of the GDFA-calculated fractal scaling exponent as a seismic attribute can match the known distribution of sedimentary facies.

Distribution characteristic and variation trend of planktonic dinoflagellate in the Taiwan Strait from 2006 to 2007

Based on 4 cruise surveys from July 2006 to October 2007 in the Taiwan Strait, the species composition, community structure and spatio-temporal distribution of dinoflagellate were studied. A total of 131 dinoflagellates belonging to 18 genera were identified. The population was dominated by hyperthermal and hyperhaline species accounting for 72.52% of the total species. Eurythermal and euryhaline species were the second most common one accounting for 25.19% of the total species. It was only 2.29% for neritic species. The maximum species number occurred in summer, while the maximum cell density appeared in spring. The average dinoflagellate cell density was 404.96x104 cells/m3. It showed that the dinof]agellate cell density increased from the nearshore waters to the open sea and from the north to the south. Compared with the results during 1984-1985, the horizontal distribution pattern and seaeonal variation of the dinofiagellate have not changed significantly, but the dinoflagellate cell density increased by 3.01 times. Further analysis of the dinoflagellate abundance variations both in the spatial and temporal aspects, indicated that the abundance of dinoflagellate increased more significantly in cold seasons, and there was a larger increase in the north of the Taiwan Strait. Besides, the dinoflagellate community structure changed notably. It showed that the diversity and evenness index were relatively high, and the proportion of dinoflageliate cell density to the total phytoplankton increased.

Innovative trend analysis of annual and seasonal precipitation in Ningxia,China

Based on daily rainfall data from 26 station records,spatial and temporal variations in annual and seasonal precipitation of different rainfall intensities from 1961 to 2018 in Ningxia,China are investigated using the innovative trend analysis(ITA)method.The results show that annual precipitation increases on the northern plain but decreases in the southern mountainous area.The increase in regional annual precipitation is mainly due to an increase in weak precipitation,while the decrease in regional annual rainfall is a result of a reduction in heavy precipitation.Lowintensity precipitation shows an upward trend,while high-intensity precipitation shows a downward trend.The variation trend of extreme precipitation is more obvious.The contributions of different types of extreme precipitation vary by season.During spring,the increase in regional rainfall is mainly caused by the increase in heavy precipitation,while the decrease in regional precipitation is mainly caused by the decrease in weak precipitation.During summer and autumn,the increase in regional precipitation is caused by the increase in light precipitation,while the reduction in regional rainfall is caused by the decrease in heavy precipitation.This study provides support for water resources planning and addressing droughts and floods.

Natural and human-induced effects on grain size of surface sediments along the Lianyungang muddy coast,China

To examine spatial variations of grain-size characteristics caused by both natural and human-induced processes along the Lianyungang muddy coast, China, 129 samples were collected and measured using standard sieving and sedimentation techniques. Results show that sediment diameter tends to increase with increasing water depth from nearshore to offshore. Size-frequency distributions indicate a gradual mixing process of coarse and fine diameter material. Grain size trend analysis indicates that a man-made structure, the West has resulted in severe siltation in Haizhou Bay and Breakwater, along with Liandao Island itself, the Lianyungang port area, where sediment quality is also poor. Results demonstrate that grain size can be used as a natural tracer to infer how sediments respond to the effects caused by both natural and human-induced processes.

二红洼镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体特征及成因

新疆哈密二红洼镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体地表分南北两个岩体,深部可能连为一体,可划分为两个侵入期、四个岩相.第一侵入期构成岩体的主体部分,分异良好,由重力结晶分异形成自橄揽岩相、橄榄辉长岩相向含石英苏长辉长岩相的分异趋势,基性程度依次降低.岩浆多次贯入使得纵向上橄榄岩相和橄榄辉长岩相重复出现.第二侵入期辉长苏长岩相分异程度低,岩性稳定,为岩浆快速冷凝的产物.岩浆属于拉斑玄武岩系列,发生过金属硫化物熔离,有利于铜镍硫化物成矿.

ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN JANUARY AND JULY IN CHINA

The temperature change trends in January and July are analyzed and the results show that the trends descend in July but ascend in January except in South China and Southwest China. The relation between the temperature in January and July are discussed by using the wavelet. The results show that the trend phase in July and January are nearly in-phase in Southwest and South China, but are out-of-phase in other regions. Reconstruction of original temperature series in each of the regions indicates that their change trends are consistent with the original temperature series.

Distribution patterns of benthic diatoms during summer in the Niyang River,Tibet,China

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution, density, community structure and biodiversity characteristics of benthic diatoms, and to analyze whether differences in species composition and abundance exist in different regions of the Niyang River, Tibet. Among the 157 taxa observed in 15 sampling sites in the main river and tributary, most were casual species （〉100）, the relative abundance of the genera Achnantkes and Fragilaria was 67% of the total relative abundance. Acknantkes minutissima was the most important species and dominated the whole river reaches （average relative abundance was 30%）; the average diatom densities were 7.4 x 105 cell/cm2 at all sites, and increased slowly from the upper section to downriver. The significant indicator taxa with higher relative abundance were Achnanthes biasolettiana （18.0%） and Fragilaria arcus （18.2%）, Fragilaria capucina var. vaucheriae （31.2%）, Fragilaria construens var. renter （11.3%） and Cymbella affinis （11.0%） in the upper, tributary and mid-river sections, respectively. Achnanthes minutissima was the most abundant species （56%） in the downriver section. Biodiversity indices showed a gradual decrease from the up- to down-river section, and dominant species were more abundant in the upper and mid-river sections than in the downriver section. A two-way indictor species analysis （TWINSPAN） of diatom composition clearly showed four different groups, namely the upper, mid, lower and tributary sections. Detrended correspondence analysis （DCA） supported the results of TW1NSPAN, and the characteristics of site distribution and species composition in the Niyang River supported the spatial structure of diatom assemblages. This study indicates that bio-assessment programs utilizing benthic diatoms could clearly benefit lotic water with regional stratification.

Vegetation Development and Water Level Changes in Shenjiadian Peatland in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

This paper documents a 7800-year proxy record from the Shenjiadian peatland on the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China.High-resolution plant macrofossil and colorimetric humification methods were used to reconstruct the vegetation and hydrologic history from a 193 cm-long sedimentary profile.Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) was applied to transform the raw plant macrofossil data into latent indices of peatland water level.The vegetation community transited from an Equisetum fluviatile community to a Carex lasiocarpa community at approximately 3800 cal yr BP and was followed by a Carex-shrub community at approximately 480 cal yr BP.Based on the plant macrofossil DCA axis 1 scores and humification values,we distinguished four hydrologic periods:a wet period from 7800 cal yr BP to 4500 cal yr BP,dry periods up to 1600 cal yr BP,drier periods until 300 cal yr BP,and the driest period from 300 cal yr BP until the present.Through a comparison with other climate records,we suggest that the East Asian summer monsoon(EAM) was the main driving force for vegetation and water level changes to the Shenjiadian peatland through its impacts on precipitation.