This paper reports a new record of Alpheus tenuicarpus de Man, 1908 that belongs to the Brevirostris group of Alpheus from Chinese seas. The species is re-described and includes morphological characters not in the ori...This paper reports a new record of Alpheus tenuicarpus de Man, 1908 that belongs to the Brevirostris group of Alpheus from Chinese seas. The species is re-described and includes morphological characters not in the original description. A key species are also provided. to species of the group is provided. Remarks on similar展开更多
During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct...During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct and indirect freshwater use of a consumer or producer that takes into account water consumption in every step （intermediate and final） along the production chain and services. The concept can be implemented in various levels such as products, consumers, producers, nations and river basins etc.. The water footprint within a geographically delineated area equals the sum of the process water footprints of all processes taking place in the area. The aim of current research is a review of the most important WF studies, with a special focus on applications within regional, basin and administrative unit level. National and global scales are not included in the current paper. The article presents the most widespread methodologies and approaches that attempt to evaluate water footprints of specific defined areas and highlights their recent advances as well as shortcomings in the constantly evolving research efforts.展开更多
The Chinese medicine Extractum trametes robiniophila murr(ETRM)is the extract of a type of fungus.Recent studies have suggested that ETRM efficiently improves the effacement of podocyte foot processes in adriamycin(AD...The Chinese medicine Extractum trametes robiniophila murr(ETRM)is the extract of a type of fungus.Recent studies have suggested that ETRM efficiently improves the effacement of podocyte foot processes in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephrotic rats.In the present study,we aimed to assess whether ETRM modulated the actin rearrangements of podocytes and involved signaling molecules,includingα-actinin-4 and nephrin.Podocytes were treated with ADR(0.5μmol/L),ADR(0.5μmol/L)+dexamethasone(Dex)(1μmol/L),ADR(0.5μmol/L)+ETRM(10 mg/mL).The F-actin in the podocytes was stained by fluorescent phallotoxins and observed by confocal microscopy.The expression levels ofα-actinin-4 and nephrin were tested by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis.The administration of ETRM could significantly prevent ADR-treated podocytes from actin rearrangement.Both ETRM and Dex could stabilize podocyte actin cytoskeletons.Moreover,α-actinin-4 might act as a potential target for ETRM functionality in podocyte actin rearrangements.However,pretreatment with ETRM could not inhibit the up-regulation of nephrin as a result of ADR treatment.ETRM could improve the cytoskeleton stability in ADR-induced actin rearrangement of podocytes via regulatingα-actinin-4 expression.展开更多
The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem function is a hot topic in ecology and environics. This paper investi- gates the evolution of diversity of the late Middle Permian brachiopods community in Hech...The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem function is a hot topic in ecology and environics. This paper investi- gates the evolution of diversity of the late Middle Permian brachiopods community in Hechuan, Chongqing, China, and dis- cusses the relationship between species diversity and community productivity in terms of the geohistorical development. This paper shows that the species diversity is externalized by several indexes, and the relationship between diversity and productiv- ity is too complex to be described by a single assumption. The relationship between species diversity and community produc- tivity is restricted by environment and community evolution. When the community succeeds normally, the relationship be- tween species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is in linear dependence rela- tion to each other, which is met with the third assumption. But, when the environment interference surpasses the beating capa- bility of the community, not only the community succession will be terminated and be replaced by another one, but also the relationship between species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is also in- versed to negative correlation by the interference from environment. Only the relationship between ecological dominance and productivity is in linear dependence relation to each other and approximately met with the third assumption. It is illustrated that the assumption that the productivity is in linear dependence relation with diversity should be established on the presupposition that the community succession is normal.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31172054)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA1103040102)
文摘This paper reports a new record of Alpheus tenuicarpus de Man, 1908 that belongs to the Brevirostris group of Alpheus from Chinese seas. The species is re-described and includes morphological characters not in the original description. A key species are also provided. to species of the group is provided. Remarks on similar
文摘During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct and indirect freshwater use of a consumer or producer that takes into account water consumption in every step （intermediate and final） along the production chain and services. The concept can be implemented in various levels such as products, consumers, producers, nations and river basins etc.. The water footprint within a geographically delineated area equals the sum of the process water footprints of all processes taking place in the area. The aim of current research is a review of the most important WF studies, with a special focus on applications within regional, basin and administrative unit level. National and global scales are not included in the current paper. The article presents the most widespread methodologies and approaches that attempt to evaluate water footprints of specific defined areas and highlights their recent advances as well as shortcomings in the constantly evolving research efforts.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81660130)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(Grant No.18JR3RA045).
文摘The Chinese medicine Extractum trametes robiniophila murr(ETRM)is the extract of a type of fungus.Recent studies have suggested that ETRM efficiently improves the effacement of podocyte foot processes in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephrotic rats.In the present study,we aimed to assess whether ETRM modulated the actin rearrangements of podocytes and involved signaling molecules,includingα-actinin-4 and nephrin.Podocytes were treated with ADR(0.5μmol/L),ADR(0.5μmol/L)+dexamethasone(Dex)(1μmol/L),ADR(0.5μmol/L)+ETRM(10 mg/mL).The F-actin in the podocytes was stained by fluorescent phallotoxins and observed by confocal microscopy.The expression levels ofα-actinin-4 and nephrin were tested by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis.The administration of ETRM could significantly prevent ADR-treated podocytes from actin rearrangement.Both ETRM and Dex could stabilize podocyte actin cytoskeletons.Moreover,α-actinin-4 might act as a potential target for ETRM functionality in podocyte actin rearrangements.However,pretreatment with ETRM could not inhibit the up-regulation of nephrin as a result of ADR treatment.ETRM could improve the cytoskeleton stability in ADR-induced actin rearrangement of podocytes via regulatingα-actinin-4 expression.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,CAS) (Grant No.123115)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"(Grant No.2010LKDZ01)
文摘The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem function is a hot topic in ecology and environics. This paper investi- gates the evolution of diversity of the late Middle Permian brachiopods community in Hechuan, Chongqing, China, and dis- cusses the relationship between species diversity and community productivity in terms of the geohistorical development. This paper shows that the species diversity is externalized by several indexes, and the relationship between diversity and productiv- ity is too complex to be described by a single assumption. The relationship between species diversity and community produc- tivity is restricted by environment and community evolution. When the community succeeds normally, the relationship be- tween species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is in linear dependence rela- tion to each other, which is met with the third assumption. But, when the environment interference surpasses the beating capa- bility of the community, not only the community succession will be terminated and be replaced by another one, but also the relationship between species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index to productivity is also in- versed to negative correlation by the interference from environment. Only the relationship between ecological dominance and productivity is in linear dependence relation to each other and approximately met with the third assumption. It is illustrated that the assumption that the productivity is in linear dependence relation with diversity should be established on the presupposition that the community succession is normal.
